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<BR> This research paper aims to explore the “proletarian literature in “Japanese proletarian literature” which takes place in the early 20th century. In addition to examining the initial ideals of “justice” and “social equality,” it also attempts by means of sorting and discourse/ statement to plow through this left-wing literature, field, which is still desolate among local researches of Japanese literature yet influential to Taiwanese literature in the period under Japanese occupation.</BR>
<BR> From the view of a Japanese literature researcher whose mother tongue is Chinese, it further examines why the results of Japanese proletarian literature and Japanese Communist Party, which teem with left-wing enthusiasm, may differ greatly from those of Taiwanese literature in the period under Japanese occupation, which incorporates the idea of “labor and social rank” into the idea of “confrontation between nationality and colonization,” and from those of the left-wing literature in China, acclaimed as “revolutionary literature” by China Communist Party, which perfectly connects itself with the race-saving feelings and thus succeeds. By surveying the factors among them, this paper aims to clarify what role the Japanese proletarian literature plays in modern and contemporary literature in Japan.</BR>
<BR> Starting with the introduction of the origin of the left wing in the West, Chapter 1 leads to explore the political, social and literary circles in Japanese modernization period, and progresses to how the proletarian literature rose and what role it played then. It also sums up so far the researches and opinions on this domain in Japanese literary circle/ in Japanese academies, classifying and analyzing the themes of related papers existent/ available in the National Institute of Japanese literature.</BR>
<BR> Chapter 2, focusing on “main part/ subjectivity,” is mainly based on the rising, varying, and the gathering and publications among intellectuals in the whole literary movement so as to present the outline/ framework of the history of proletarian literature movement in Japan.</BR>
<BR> Chapter 3, focusing on “Body/ Flesh,” entering and investigating each notable period in this literary movement, attempts to present the internal atmosphere of the proletarian literature by translating, quoting and text-analyzing the important works and writers.</BR>
<BR> Chapter 4 focusing on “Limbs,” entering and investigating each notable period in this literary movement, attempts to reveal how the political movement and literary productions are linked, how the literary ideas are presented and how the literary critiques towards the production are conducted inside the proletarian literature by translating, quoting and text-analyzing the important literary critiques and critics</BR>
<BR> Chapter 5 examines by translating, quoting and text-analyzing the surviving works, critiques and self-reflections on the past in the so-called “turning era” when the left-wing groups were destructed by the Emperor government.</BR>
<BR> Chapter 6 summarizes all the points mentioned in previous chapters and collects various evidence on the Japanese society other than literature; in addition to the opinions of previous studies that the proletarian literature dies out due to both being oppressed mercilessly by the fascistic Emperor government and being ideologically inconsistent among the sects inside the Communist Party, this paper aspires to add that it is its insistence on the genuine left wing course and denial to the prevalent values of exploitation in disguise of feudalism among all ranks in Japanese society that void its echoing with the mass and thus demolish this literary movement which has never appeared since the war.</BR>
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