臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文提出一整合超電容與均勻充電電路之換流器系統，能改善蓄電池瞬時放電之電流及穩定直流鏈電壓。系統採全橋式架構及正弦脈波寬度調變雙極性電壓切換技術，具有低諧波失真及快速響應之性能。換流器為電壓控制模式，同時於電壓控制法中發展出額外之負載電流訊號注入法，透過負載電流迴授訊號加以修正補償後注入換流器之波形控制電路中，藉以協助降低換流器之等效數學模型中之輸出阻抗，使系統輸出波形較少受負載變動之影響，得以提高系統之供電穩定度。本研究除利用電腦模擬外，亦已於實驗室中完成一雛形電路，並分別以不同負載進行實驗，由測試結果可知，本論文所提之方法確具可行性，其相關成果應具實際採行之實務參考價值。

In this thesis, an inverter circuit embedded with supercapacitor is studied. In the crcuit, a PWM-based voltage-regulated controller is adopted, where an additional current loop is used for minimizing the equivalent output impedance of the inverter in anticipation of increasing the quality of supplying voltage under different load conditions. To validate the performance of the proposed method, a prototype was implemented in the laboratory. From the hardware realization, test results under different scenarios confirm that the proposed method can offer a stable ac voltage for loads while maintain the voltage quality at the expected level, thereby consolidating the feasibility and practicality of the approach for the applications considered.

目 錄
中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
誌 謝 iii
目 錄 iv
表 目 錄 vii
圖 目 錄 viii
符號說明 xi
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 研究背景與動機 1
1-2 文獻回顧 5
1-3 論文架構 8
第二章 直流儲能電路分析 10
2-1 簡介 10
2-2 鋰電池特性分析 10
2-3 超電容特性分析 12
2-4 均勻充電電路 16
2-5 電容切換式均勻充電電路之架構與動作分析 22
第三章 換流器之操作理論分析 33
3-1 簡介 33
3-2 換流器之控制電路 34
3-2-1 負載電壓振幅控制外迴路分析 34
3-2-2 負載電壓波形控制內迴路分析 35
3-2-3 負載電流注入法分析 36
3-3 換流器架構之特性分析 38
第四章 系統硬體規劃設計 52
4-1 簡介 52
4-2 功率晶體驅動電路 54
4-3 主電力電路架構 58
4-4 控制電路設計 61
4-4-1 電壓振幅控制外迴路設計 64
4-4-2 電壓波形控制內迴路設計 66
4-4-3 負載電流注入控制第三迴路設計 67
4-5 保護電路 68
4-5-1 閂鎖電路 68
4-5-2 過電流保護電路 70
第五章 系統模擬與實測結果 74
5-1 簡介 74
5-2 換流器系統電路模擬實測結果 76
5-2-1 電阻性負載測試 76
5-2-2 電感性負載測試 79
5-2-3 換流器系統效率測試 81
5-3 均勻充電電路實測 82
5-4 換流器系統之暫態響應測試 89
5-4 硬體電路實體圖 92
第六章 結論與未來研究方向 93
6-1 結論 93
6-2 未來研究方向 94
參考文獻 95

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