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在人力需求是24小時或多班制的企業組織中，產生了人員輪班的需要。人
員排班必須是將企業中有限的人力作有效的運用，以滿足各時段的人力需
求。排班問題由於必須同時滿足多項的要求，而顯得複雜不易求解。目前
，在國內採取電腦排班的企業並不多見，還是沿用傳統的人工排班方式。
社會的富裕與開放、教育的普及與水準的提昇，帶動個人意識的高漲，直
接影響就業人口對工作條件的要求提高。企業為招募新員工及留住舊員工
，也愈來愈注重員工的需求。輪班會產生生理時鐘調整、上下班時間不固
定、無法固定每週星期天休假等問題，因而成為員工離職之直接或間接的
原因之一，不論對企業或個人而言都是一種損失。在許多試圖留住員工的
措施中，改善班表正視員工需求是最為經濟的一種方法。因此，本研究針
對護理人員排班，選定位於桃園縣的一所一級教學醫院為個案，由於該醫
院的規模為國內一流的水準，其制度亦較同業完備，相信其具有較高的代
表性。本研究依據此個案的實務狀況，規劃一套排班程序與步驟。並將其
寫成電腦程式提供給研究的個案實際地使用，成功地以電腦排班代替傳統
之完全人工排班。
Nurse is a typical shift-rotation work. Nursing services must
be continuously available, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, with
no breaks for weekends and holidays. The irregular
working schedules not only disturb the circadian rhythm, but
also affect the family and social life. The stressful working
environment is unhealthy, both physically and psychologically,
to nurses. In order to retain and recruit nurses, hospital
administrators have to pay more attention to the need of
nurses. Improving the quality of nurse schedules probably is
the most economic way in all relative programs. According to
the practical situation, this thesis develops a
heuristic which considers a complicated set of constraints
when generating monthly shift schedules. The heuristic
was written in C language and run on a
microcomputer. The developed software has currently been
implemented at a leading hospital in Taoyuan County. The
response of the initial implementation is quite promising.
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