臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究主要在於嘗試探討改裝後柴油共軌引擎對於引擎性能和污染排放等相關影響。探討對象主要是以CY190 1000C.C. 單缸直噴式柴油引擎為實驗載具，其中引擎操作噴油壓力於600bar，並固定柴油的當量比(Φd=0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5)，以四個不同轉速(rpm=1500、1800、2100、2400)下來進行之實驗探討。探討改裝柴油共軌高壓噴射系統後，二階段噴射模式下固定當量比，再改變SOI-1st、SOI-2nd之噴油比例，探討引擎性能輸出與污染排放的差異性。

第一部分為改變二階段噴射之正時，將SOI-2nd噴射角度固定為壓縮行程前19°CA，再改變SOI-1st噴射角度於進氣上死點後10~170°CA以找出最佳噴射正時，實驗結果顯示SOI-1st¬在進氣上死點後10°CA的效果最佳。第二部分將探討二階段噴射模式下，分別將燃料在SOI-1st、SOI-2nd噴射時以不同比例(3:7、4:6、5:5、6:4、7:3)作為實驗之操作點，來探討性能及排污之影響，實驗結果顯示當噴射比例為3:7時，為二階段之最佳噴射比例。第三部分為比較一階段噴射模式與最佳之二階段噴射模式的引擎性能輸出及污染排放之影響。

本研究結果發現二階段噴射模式下，引擎扭力輸出有些微上升，因為二階段噴射模式下，在點火前使汽缸內產生一層薄薄的油氣，所產生之預混情形，改善了傳統柴油引擎的缺點，減少了柴油引擎點火延遲的現象，但是氣缸內邊界層的油氣無法完全燃燒，使污染排放物增加。實驗結果二階段噴射較單一噴射模式下，扭力的部分上升了12%~66%，對於HC的排放量上升37%~54%，而CO的排放量上升了64%~175%，在Smoke的排放也些微的提升了0.8%~4%，對於CO2的排放量上升了5%~18%。

This research studies the diesel engine performance and exhaust emissions after the CY190 1000C.C. single cylinder traditional engine is modified to common-rail two-stage HCCI(homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition) mode. The injection pressure is set at 600 bars and the total diesel fuel stoichiometric ratio is set at variable Φd=0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5. The engine speed is set at variable rpm=1500, 1800, 2100, and 2400. The two stage injection ratio SOI-1st : SOI-2nd is also variable in this study to understand the engine performance and exhaust emissions.

The first part of this study fixes the SOI-2nd injection angle at 19°CA BTDC while the SOI-1st injection angle is variable between 10°CA to 170°CA BTDC. The results show the best injection angle is 10°CA BTDC. The second part of this study set the ratio SOI-1st : SOI-2nd at 3:7, 4:6, 5:5, 6:4, and7:3. The results indicate the ratio SOI-1st : SOI-2nd at 3:7 has the best performance. The third part of this study compares the original single stage injection (19°CA BTDC) and the best two-stage injection engine performance and exhaust emissions.

This research concludes the two-stage HCCI mode has engine torque slightly increased due the pre-mixing phenomenon provides a quasi-homogeneous fuel-air mixing zone. The ignition delay for traditional engine is shortened but the incomplete combustion occurs at the cylinder surface boundary layer and quenching zone. The engine torque is promoted by 12%~66%, the HC emission is increased by 37%~54%, the CO emission is increased by 64%~175%, and the smoke is also slightly increased by0.8%~4%.

目 錄

中文摘要---------------------------------------------------------------------i
英文摘要---------------------------------------------------------------------ii
誌謝---------------------------------------------------------------------------iii
目錄---------------------------------------------------------------------------iv
表目錄------------------------------------------------------------------------vi
圖目錄------------------------------------------------------------------------vii
符號說明---------------------------------------------------------------------ix
第一章

緒論---------------------------------------------------------------------------1
1-1前言-----------------------------------------------------------------------1
第二章

研究動機及研究背景-------------------------------------------------------2
2-1研究動機-----------------------------------------------------------------2
2-3研究目的-----------------------------------------------------------------8
第三章

研究實驗與測量方法-------------------------------------------------------9
3-1實驗控制及量測設備---------------------------------------------------9
3-1-1引擎數據量測設備---------------------------------------------------9
3-1-2柴油引擎進氣與燃油系統------------------------------------------12
3-1-3燃燒室壓力量測系統------------------------------------------------17
3-1-4引擎廢氣排放濃度量測系統----------------------------------------20
3-2高壓共軌供油系統------------------------------------------------------24
3-2-1高壓油泵(High pressure pump)------------------------------------25
3-2-2柴油共軌(Common rail)---------------------------------------------25
3-2-3交流馬達(AC motor)-------------------------------------------------26
3-2-4噴油嘴(Unit injector)-------------------------------------------------26
3-3熱釋放 -------------------------------------------------------------------29
3-3-1熱釋放計算公式 -----------------------------------------------------29
3-3-2熱釋放率計算 --------------------------------------------------------31
3-4實驗步驟與研究方法---------------------------------------------------32
第四章

研究結果與分析-------------------------------------------------------------33
4-1改變噴射正時對二階段柴油引擎性能之探討-----------------------34
4-2改變噴射比例對二階段柴油引擎性能之探討-----------------------36
4-3改變一階段與二階段噴射模式對柴油引擎性能之探討------------42
第五章

結論與未來展望-------------------------------------------------------------48
5-1結論-----------------------------------------------------------------------48
5-2未來展望-----------------------------------------------------------------48
參考文獻---------------------------------------------------------------------49
個人簡歷---------------------------------------------------------------------52

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