臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

日本的鯛(Zeus faber)在台灣東北部海域多由底拖網所混獲，因其經濟價值不高，故漁獲後多直接加工做為養殖用飼料。本研究主要針對分佈於該海域之日本的鯛，進行年齡與成長各參數之估計，以期能提供為資源評估及後續管理政策擬定參數所需。本研究所使用的標本，係自2008年1月至2009年2月間按月於宜蘭縣大溪漁港採得，樣本大部份採自下雜魚堆，僅少部份體型較大者向魚販購買。所得樣本雄魚611尾、雌魚448尾，總計1059尾。
本研究以脊椎骨為年齡形質進行其成長式推估，依月別邊緣半透明與不透明帶出現比例的變化情形，推估本種輪紋形成週期為一年，不透明帶形成於 2至6月間。
將樣本年齡與對應體長之資料分別套適von Bertalanffy、von Bertalanffy with size-at-birth、Robertson 及 Gompertz 四種模式，分別求得各成長參數。經AIC(Akaike’s Information Criterion)檢定得本種之最佳套適成長模式為von Bertalanffy 成長方程式。所得雌雄VBGE各參數分別如下：雌魚理論極限體長L∞=59.944 cm，成長係數k=0.103 /yr，體長為零時之理論年齡t0=-0.429 yr；雄魚理論極限體長L∞=45.762 cm，成長係數k=0.119 /yr，體長為零時之理論年齡t0=-1.142 yr 。本研究所得理論極限年齡雌雄分別為29.1歲及25.3歲。

The John Dory, Zeus faber, is a by-catch species of trawl fishery in northeastern Taiwan waters and it is regarded as trash fish due to its low economic value. Specimens were collected from Dashi fish market where located in Yilan County between Jan. 2008 to Feb. 2009. Age determination from vertebral growth band counting was based on 1,059 specimens (448 female and 611 male). Translucent and opaque bands on vertebral centrum were formed once per year, and translucent bands were formed between Feb. and June. The parameters of von Bertalanffy growth equations estimated from vertebral band counting were as the following: asymptotic total length L∞=59.944 cm, growth coefficient k=0.103/yr, age at zero length t0=-0.429 yr for females; and L∞=45.762 cm, k=0.119 /yr, t0=-1.142 yr for males.The theorectical asymptotic age were 29.1 yrs and 25.3 yrs for both female and male respectively.

中文摘要--------------------------------------------------Ⅰ
英文摘要--------------------------------------------------Ⅲ
謝辭------------------------------------------------------Ⅳ
目錄------------------------------------------------------Ⅴ
表目錄----------------------------------------------------Ⅶ
圖目錄----------------------------------------------------Ⅷ

第一章、前言----------------------------------------------1

第二章、材料方法------------------------------------------4
2.1 樣本來源---------------------------------------------4
2.2 採樣及基本型態量測----------------------------------4
2.3 形質及採樣部位的決定--------------------------------4
2.4 脊椎骨之處理-----------------------------------------5
2.5 輪紋判讀和量測--------------------------------------6
2.6 輪紋形成週期之判定----------------------------------6
2.7 輪紋判讀精確度分析----------------------------------7
2.8 各輪紋形成之年齡------------------------------------7
2.9 成長方程式各參數的推估------------------------------7
2.10 最佳配適成長方程式之決定--------------------------10



第三章、結果----------------------------------------------11
3.1 體長與全長之迴歸關係-------------------------------11
3.2 體重與全長之迴歸關係-------------------------------11
3.3 椎徑與全長之迴歸關係-------------------------------12
3.4 讀輪精確度分析-------------------------------------12
3.5 輪紋形成的週期-------------------------------------12
3.6 成長方程式-----------------------------------------12
3.7 最佳配適成長方程式之選定---------------------------14

第四章、討論----------------------------------------------15
4.1 年齡與成長研究方法---------------------------------15
4.2 年齡形質-------------------------------------------16
4.3 輪紋觀察之方法-------------------------------------17
4.4 輪紋判讀之精確度-----------------------------------17
4.5 出生記號和輪紋形成期之觀察-------------------------18
4.6 洄游-----------------------------------------------19
4.7 輪紋形成的週期-------------------------------------20
4.8 雌雄成長的差異-------------------------------------20
4.9 採樣誤差-------------------------------------------21
4.10 壽命-----------------------------------------------21

參考文獻--------------------------------------------------23


表目錄

表1 日本的鯛每月採集之樣本數及其全長分佈範圍------------30
表2 四種成長方程式各項參數、判定係數(r2)與AIC值---------31




















圖目錄

圖1 日本的鯛2008年1月至2009年2月採樣記錄----------32
圖2 台灣宜蘭大溪漁港漁船主要作業區域------------------33
圖3 日本的鯛外部型態測量------------------------------34
圖4 日本的鯛雄魚、雌魚脊椎骨CV值變化情形-------------35
圖5 日本的鯛脊椎骨上所呈現之輪紋----------------------36
圖6 雄性日本的鯛體長與全長之迴歸關係------------------37
圖7 雌性日本的鯛體長與全長之迴歸關係------------------38
圖8 雄性日本的鯛全長與體重之迴歸關係式----------------39
圖9 雌性日本的鯛全長與體重之迴歸關係式----------------40
圖10 日本的鯛全長與第七節椎徑之迴歸關係----------------41
圖11 Read 1 與 Read 2 判讀輪紋之一致性-----------------42
圖12 雄魚脊椎骨邊緣成長率的月別變化--------------------43
圖13 雌魚脊椎骨邊緣成長率的月別變化--------------------44
圖14 雌性日本的鯛von Bertalanffy 成長曲線--------------45
圖15 雄性日本的鯛von Bertalanffy 成長曲線--------------46
圖16 雌性日本的鯛von Bertalanffy with size-at-birth
成長曲線-----------------------------------------47
圖17 雄性日本的鯛von Bertalanffy with size-at-birth
成長曲線-----------------------------------------48
圖18 雌性日本的鯛Robertson 成長曲線--------------------49
圖19 雄性日本的鯛Robertson 成長曲線--------------------50
圖20 雌性日本的鯛Gompertz 成長曲線---------------------51
圖21 雄性日本的鯛Gompertz 成長曲線-----------------------52
圖22 日本的鯛2008年1月至2009年2月採樣樣本全長分布----53

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