臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

火災危害一直是社會事件中揮之不去的陰影，除了奪取人命，財物損失更是難以估計，根據以往的統計建築物發生火災時，濃煙往往是最大的致命因素，這是因為濃煙會造成人的視覺障礙，導致逃生更加困難，因此本研究主要工作即是研究雷射煙層量測器在火災中所產生的煙流下之性能測試。
本研究主要測試雷射煙層量測設備在不同環境下煙層遮蔽時之電壓值，藉以判斷外在光源是否有影響，並把電壓值轉換成煙層遮蔽率，評估出當人員避難逃生時，通往逃生方向的避難指示燈之八公尺之可視度。該如何有效的應用煙探測器來評估避難與人員的逃亡為本研究的目的。

Fire damages always cast shadows on social events that people cannot forget. Besides claiming people’s lives, it’s more difficult to estimate for a great loss of treasure. According to the past statistics, the most fatal cause of building fires was dense smoke. It is because heavy smoke will bring about vision barriers, and then lead to much more difficulties in fleeing. As a result, the main purpose of this research is confer the performance test of smoke which laser smoke layer detectors bring.
This research is mainly to test the voltage of smoke obscuration in different environment for judging if the external light do effect, and to change the voltage into the smoker layer obscuration ratio then estimate the eight- meter’s visibility of the emergency exit light when people are fleeing. How to use the smoke detector effectively to estimate the number of people who take refuge and flee is the main purpose of the research.

一、緒論 1
1.1研究背景與目的 1
1.2文獻回顧 2
1.3研究內容 2
1.4 研究方法與進行步驟 4
二、火災中煙流之行為特性 5
2.1 火災之定義 5
2.2 火源產生之煙流束 7
2.3 煙流的定義 8
2.4 煙的危害評估 13
2.5 煙的可視度預估 14
2.6 煙沈降率的估算 16
三、煙層厚度量測方法的研發與應用 19
3.1 偵煙式探測器 19
3.2 現有之煙層量測方法概述 23
3.3 雷射煙層量測方法基本原埋 26
3.4 雷射煙層量測接收端基本元件迴路說明 28
3.5 雷射煙層量測方法之遮蔽率計算方式 29
3.6 判定煙層厚度之方法 31
3.7 本研發之煙層量測方法的優點與可應用場合 31
四、實驗規劃 32
4.1 實驗設備概述 32
4.2 實驗規劃 40
五、實驗結果與討論 43
5.1 煙層量測器之遮蔽距離評估 43
5.2 外在光源對煙層量測器之影響 43
5.3 改量後之煙層量測設備 44
六、結論與建議 51
參考文獻 53

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