臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

一、短脊槍蝦（Alpheus brevicristatus）在澎湖海域棲息於潮間帶的海草草澤區或砂泥底裡，主要被用做於釣餌，而體型較大者可供食用。
二、調查結果顯示，澎湖群島已知有16處有短脊槍蝦之分布，其中以岐頭灣的族群密度最高達5尾/m2，並發現和短脊槍蝦共棲的蝦虎魚有4種，其中以普氏蝦虎魚Acentrogobius pflaumill 分布最廣，數量也最多。
三、雌、雄個體外部形態形質測定結果：
1、 體長（B.L.）與頭胸甲長（C.L.）之直線迴歸關係式分別為：雌：B.L.＝-0.4583 + 3.0525 × C.L.，（r2＝0.9357、N=487）與雄：B.L.＝1.404 + 2.7823 × C.L.，（r2＝0.8726、N=254）。
2、 體重（B.W.）與體長（B.L.）呈曲線迴歸係式分別為：雌： Y = 0.0009 X 2.9307，（r2＝0.9782、N＝99）與雄： Y = 0.0005 X 3.2219，（r2＝0.9520、N＝67）；且大於40mm體長的個體均為雌性。
四、本研究發現澎湖產短脊槍蝦應屬多年生多回數繁殖，抱卵週期為2-12月，且以5月為最高峰。但年均溫溫差小、溫度變化曲線平緩，其抱卵週期會愈長、抱卵率也愈高，同時在同一年裡的抱卵週期也會隨著月均溫的升高而延長。
五、在鹽度3.2-3.4﹪及水溫24-27.5℃之實驗室內人工孵化飼育的條件下，雌蝦自抱卵到孵出幼苗需約10天；孵化後30天經9期蚤狀幼體階段，仍未變態至後期蝦苗階段。其幼期變態過程係屬普通型。

Summary
1. Snapping shrimps Alpheus brevicristatus inhabit in the segrass meadow or sandy bottoms at the intertidal zones of Peng-hu. They are commonly used as fishing baits or even for food if reach larger body sizes.
2. The results of investigations showed that Alpheus brevicristatus distributed at sixteen sites in Peng-hu so for. Its highest population density reached 5 ind. /m2 in Chi-to Bay. Four species of symbiont gobyfishes were discovered. Acentrogobius pflaumill was the most widely distributed and with must individuals.
3. The results of morphological characters measurements of male or female Alpheus brevicristatus :
(1) The linear regression equations between body length (B. L.) and carapace length (C. L.): female : B. L. =-0.4583 + 3.0525 × C. L. (r2 = 0.9357, N= 487) and male: B. L. =1.404 + 2.7823 × C. L. (r2 = 0.8726, N=254).
(2) The curve regression equations between body weight (B. W.) and body length larger (B. L.): Y= 0.0009 X2.9307, (r2 = 0.9782, N= 99) and male : Y= 0.0005 X3.2219, (r2 = 0.9520, N= 67) . The indiridnals with body lengths larger than 40mm are all female.
4. This study snggests that Alpheus brevicristatus in Peng-Hu should be perennial iteroparous life cycle. The gravid period is between February to December and with climax in May. However, annual temperature fluctuation is small and variation curve is slow. It will have extended gravid period and higher - fertility. The gravid period will be also extended with elevated monthly average temperature.
5. Under the controlled condition for artifical reproduction with salinity between 3.2-3.4% and with temperature between 24-27.5℃, it takes about 10days for larvae to hatch from the female gravid stage. It take 30days for larvae to go through 9 stages of zoea before metamorphosis to juveniles. The larvae of Alpheus brevicristatus are with common type developmental mode.

摘 要 …………………………………………………………… I
第一章 前言 …………………………………………………… 1
第二章 材料與方法 …………………………………………… 4
2-1 標本來源及標本處理 …………………………………… 4
2-2 短脊槍蝦生物學之研究 ………………………………… 4
2-3 短脊槍蝦個體發育之研究 ……………………………… 6
第三章 結果 …………………………………………………… 9
3-1 澎湖海域產短脊槍蝦之數量分布………………………… 9
3-2 與短脊槍蝦共棲之蝦虎魚種類之調查…………………… 9
3-3 外部形態形質之關係……………………………………… 9
3-3-1 甲長、體重之組成……………………………………… 9
3-3-2 相對成長 …………………………………………………10
3-4 族群特性 ……………………………………………………11
3-4-1 性比之月別 ………………………………………………11
3-4-2 族群體長組成之月別變化 ………………………………12
3-5 生殖 …………………………………………………………13
3-5-1 抱卵週期 …………………………………………………13
3-5-2 抱卵數 ……………………………………………………13
3-5-3 抱卵數、卵重與抱卵週期之關係 ………………………14
3-5-4 最小性成熟體長之估計 …………………………………14
3-6 短脊槍蝦的幼體發育 ………………………………………15
3-6-1 卵徑、卵色及孵化天數 …………………………………15
3-6-2 幼期變態期數及形態上的特徵 …………………………15
第四章 討論………………………………………………………21
4-1 短脊槍蝦的分布與生態習性 ………………………………21
4-2 抱卵週期、抱卵數與其他生活史之特性 …………………25
4-3 幼苗變態過程 ………………………………………………27
第五章 建議 ……………………………………………………29
5-1目前澎湖槍蝦所面臨地問題 ………………………………29
5-2解決槍蝦問題的擬方案 ……………………………………30
第六章 中、日、英文參考文獻 …………………………………31
謝辭 ………………………………………………………………35
圖表 ………………………………………………………………36

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