臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

政府機關宣導品的製作目的，在於提供商民有效資訊，俾利商民遵循。宣導品中
譯英的良窳，不僅代表機關形象，亦肩負著傳達相關規範的使命。英譯宣導品的目標
讀者群為廣大的外籍民眾，譯文是否符合目標讀者群的閱讀需求，結構是否簡單明
確，內容是否簡潔易懂，是宣導品翻譯的首要考量。

本研究以財政部關務署臺北關之紙本、看板及網站等三類中譯英宣導品為研究對
象，以錯誤分析理論為基礎、翻譯功能理論為框架，探討譯文的語言錯誤及翻譯錯誤，
並依發生頻率將宣導品常見錯誤分類為語用、文法、詞彙及無法歸於前述類別的其他
問題，並提出參考譯文。另外，關於無法量化的譯文全面性問題，如長句過多及第三
人稱寫作，則分別以Flesch Reading Ease 可讀性公式及他國網站用語探討之。

研究結果顯示，在臺北關宣導品952 項錯誤中，語用疑異居錯誤之冠且佔54.0%，
文法錯誤26.8%，詞彙錯誤8.9%，其他問題10.3%，顯示語用上的問題是臺北關文宣
英譯上的首要挑戰。語用疑異中，被動語態及名詞化合計達85%，被動語態使句型複
雜化，增加距離感，而名詞化字彙增加句子長度與複雜度，弱化說明語氣，皆不利於
民眾閱讀理解；另外，網站通關業務平均句長幾乎皆超過標準17 字，而以第三人稱
寫作亦複雜的法規更加抽象，影響譯文可讀性及讀者理解。文法方面，定冠詞使用錯
誤比重最大，佔該類錯誤73.7%。詞彙方面，名詞是最容易產生錯誤的詞類，佔該類
錯誤67%。至於其他錯誤，則以語意模糊居多，佔該類錯誤72%。由此可知，英譯
關務宣導品時，除了應加強自身翻譯與語言能力外，更應時時以目標讀者群的閱讀習
慣為依歸，以製作符合其需求的譯文。

The function of public documents from governmental institutions is to introduce
information or regulations to the public and hence expect the public to follow. Not
only does the quality of translated official documents affect the image of the institution, but
it also determines whether the purpose of such documents can be fulfilled. In translating
informative documents of Taipei Customs, Customs Administration, Ministry of Finance, it
is indispensable to put the needs of their target readers—foreign passengers and
businesses—in the first priority, considering whether the sentence structure is simple and
direct and whether the content is concise and easy to understand.

The study aims at examining the translated documents of Taipei Customs in the form
of brochure, bulletin board and website in the hope to improve their quality. Based on error
analysis theory and functional translation theory, the thesis divides the errors into language
errors and translation errors and further categorizes them into four types according to their
frequency: pragmatic errors, grammatical errors, lexical errors and the other errors which
cannot be categorized into the former three types. A suggested translation is provided for
each example discussed according to the purpose of these documents. As for problems that
involve overall writing techniques and cannot be calculated according to frequency,
additional examining measures are adopted. For example, Flesch Reading Ease, a
readability formula, is applied to examine lengthy sentences while common expressions
from three foreign websites are utilized in comparison for narrative point of view of Taipei
Customs translated documents.

The study found that pragmatic errors rank first and account for 54.0% of the total
errors, along with grammatical errors 26.8%, lexical errors 8.9% and other errors 10.3%.
These figures indicate that pragmatic errors are the most important issue in translating
Taipei Customs documents. Among these pragmatic errors, the overuse of passive voice
and nominalization stands for 85%. Passive voice complicates sentence structure and
distances the reader from the text, and nominalization increases the length and complexity
of the sentence and weakens the tone of voice. In addition, most of the sentences on
clearance webpages of Taipei Customs website are longer than the standard 17 words, and
the third-person narrative point of view makes the already difficult regulations even more
abstract. All of the above factors negatively impact the readability of the translated text and
comprehension of readers. Meanwhile, definite article accounts for 73.7% of grammatical
errors, noun accounts for 67% of lexical errors, and ambiguity covers 72% of other errors.
Therefore, in translating informative documents of Taipei Customs, the translating
Customs officers should not only improve their translating and language abilities, but also
bear in mind the reading habits of target readers so as to produce a text suitable for target
readers.

中文摘要 ……………………………………………………………… i
英文摘要 ……………………………………………………………… ii
目次 …………………………………………………………………… iv
表次 …………………………………………………………………… vi
圖次 …………………………………………………………………… vii

第一章 緒論
第一節 研究背景與動機 ………………………………………… 1
第二節 文獻探討 ………………………………………………… 2
第三節 研究對象 ………………………………………………… 13
第四節 研究方法與章節介紹……………………………………… 16

第二章 語用疑異探討
第一節 被動語態…………………………………………………… 22
第二節 名詞化……………………………………………………… 26
第三節 綴語過多…………………………………………………… 31
第四節 結構不對稱………………………………………………… 34
第五節 長句過多…………………………………………………… 38
第六節 第二人稱vs 第三人稱……………………………………… 41

第三章 文法錯誤探討
第一節 定冠詞……………………………………………………… 48
第二節 關係子句…………………………………………………… 53
第三節 垂懸修飾語………………………………………………… 57
第四節 句子不完整………………………………………………… 59
第五節 主要動詞…………………………………………………… 62
第六節 句子不間斷………………………………………………… 63

第四章 詞彙錯誤探討
第一節 名詞 ……………………………………………………… 68
第二節 主詞與動詞意義不對應…………………………………… 76
第三節 動詞………………………………………………………… 80

第五章 其他問題探討
第一節 語意模糊 ………………………………………………… 90
第二節 直譯………………………………………………………… 95
第三節 專有名詞翻譯不一致……………………………………… 97

第六章 結論與建議
第一節 研究結果 ………………………………………………… 100
第二節 研究貢獻、研究限制與未來展望………………………… 105

參考文獻
外文部分 …………………………………………………………… 109
中文部分 …………………………………………………………… 113

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