臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

由於陸棚生地化循環關係著「陸棚幫浦」（Continental shelf pump）作用，也就是陸棚水吸收大氣中二氧化碳的作用，東海之生地化研究為世界所矚目。過去已有不少對東海陸棚之生地化通量的盒子模式研究，但前人之研究往往忽略台灣海峽海流對東海陸棚的重要性，或所使用之台灣海峽海流之流量數據與所觀測的結果有很大的不同，而且所使用之東海陸棚水之平均鹽度的估算較為粗略。由於過去對於台灣海峽之化學水文的觀測不多，因此本研究亦在台灣海峽北端進行化學水文觀測，並整合前人於台灣海峽所得之觀測資料；同時重新估算東海陸棚水之平均鹽度，並重新設計盒子模式。
本研究利用水團分析可得知冬季時，台灣海峽北部之海水受到澎湖水道北流水、大陸沿岸水及台灣東北海域之黑潮湧升水的影響，估算此時澎湖水道北流水之流量為0.5Sv，平均鹽度為34.5psu，硝酸鹽濃度為1.5μM；夏季時，台灣海峽海流流量為2.3Sv，平均鹽度為33.78psu，硝酸鹽濃度為1.0μM。若假設一年中受東北風影響之海流佔8個月，受西南風影響佔4個月，則台灣海峽海流流入東海陸棚之年平均流量為1.08Sv，平均鹽度為34.0psu，硝酸鹽濃度為1.13μM。
將台灣海峽流量﹙1.08Sv﹚加入盒子模式時，必須採用雙盒子模式，模式結果為：黑潮進入東海陸棚之流量為1.18-1.29Sv，由陸棚流出的流量為2.34-2.45Sv；若不考慮脫氮或固氮作用，整個東海黃海陸棚之新生產力為84-92mgC/m2/d，陸棚水之駐留期為0.62-0.65年。

Because of the ability of the East China Sea serving as a “continental shelf pump” to absorb atmosphere CO2, a better understanding of the biogeochemical cycles in the East China Sea is critical for an accurate assessment of its pump capacity. There have been several studies on the box model of biogeochemical fluxes on the East China Sea continental shelf. In these studies, the authors either neglected the transport through the Taiwan Strait, or assumed rather small values for the transport. In addition, they based their calculations on rough estimates of the mean salinities for different water masses. Because the chemical hydrography measurements in the study were scarce, we also made investigations in the study area, and included the findings in the new calculations. For the box model, we have made careful estimates of the mean salinities of various the continental shelf water masses.
By water mass analysis we conclude that, in winter, the sea water in the northern part of the Taiwan Strait consists of waters from the Penghu Channel Current, the China Coastal Water and the Kuroshio upwelling water from the shelf break off northeastern Taiwan. The Punghu Channel Current has an estimated transport of 0.5Sv(1Sv=106m3/s) with average salinity and nitrate concentration of 34.5psu and 1.5μM, respectively. In summer, the Taiwan Strait Current has an estimated transport of 2.3Sv with average salinity and nitrate concentration of 33.78psu and 1.0μM, respectively. Assuming that the northeast monsoon affects the current for eight months, and the southwest monsoon affects the current for four months, we calculate the annual transport from the Taiwan Strait to the East China Sea to be 1.08Sv with annual mean salinity of 34.0psu and annual mean nitrate concentration of 1.13μM.
When including the contribution of the Taiwan Strait Current to the box model, we must invoke a two-box model to balance the salt budget. The box model predicts that the mean inflow from the Kuroshio Water to the continental shelf is 1.18-1.29Sv, the mean outflow from the shelf is 2.34-2.45Sv, the average potential new production over the entire shelf is 84-92mgC/m2/d, and the mean residence time of the entire shelf water is 0.62-0.65year.

第一章 緒論...........................................1
1.1過去對東海陸棚之研究...............................1
1.2過去對台灣海峽之研究...............................2
1.3研究目標...........................................3
第二章 夏季台灣海峽之流量與營養鹽通量估計.............4
2.1簡介...............................................4
2.2材料與方法.........................................4
2.3觀測結果...........................................5
2.3.1水文............................................. 5
2.3.2流場.............................................6
2.3.3營養鹽分佈及傳輸量...............................6
2.4討論...............................................7
2.5小結...............................................8
第三章 台灣海峽之水團特性分析與營養鹽通量估計.........9
3.1冬季之化學水文資料分析.............................9
3.1.1澎湖水道北流水...................................10
3.1.2水團之端成分.....................................10
3.2台灣海峽冬季海流之通量估算.........................11
3.2.1流量之估算.......................................11
3.2.2營養鹽之輸送量估算...............................13
3.3夏季之化學水文資料分析.............................13
3.4春季之化學水文資料分析.............................15
3.5小結...............................................15
第四章 黑潮與東海陸棚海水交換之盒子模式...............16
4.1簡介...............................................16
4.2盒子模式一：單盒模式...............................16
4.2.1模式之建立.......................................16
4.2.2台灣海峽年平均流量及硝酸鹽傳輸量估計.............17
4.2.3東海陸棚平均鹽度之資料來源與計算.................17
4.2.4計算結果.........................................18
4.3盒子模式二：雙盒模式...............................19
4.3.1模式之建立.......................................19
4.3.2東海陸棚平均鹽度及硝酸鹽濃度之資料來源與計算.....19
4.3.3計算結果.........................................20
第五章 總結...........................................21
參考文獻..............................................21
表列………………………………………………………………….26-32
圖列………………………………………………………………….33-62
附錄一：1985-1999年間，各研究船在3月份於台灣海峽進行水文探測之航次代號與相對之時間及站位。

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