臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文使用計算流體力學套裝軟體Fluent 6.2.16，針對具不同緣封構形轉子-定子盤系統的熱傳及攝入現象進行二維數值模擬。本研究之關鍵參數包括幾何緣封構形、旋轉雷諾數(Req)及質量流率係數(Cw)等，其對於轉盤系統流場特性之影響均詳細探討。本研究模擬結果首先與公開文獻之具徑向開口缘封構形轉盤系統實驗結果進行比較，透過轉盤壁溫、Nu值及h值與實驗值之比對發現其定性上之趨勢相當吻合。經本研究得知，Req及Cw對於流場結構之影響相左，亦即增加Req或增加Cw時，其對於流場結構之改變具有相反的趨勢。上游定子盤與下游轉子盤上之Nu值隨著Req及Cw增加而逐漸攀升之現象，以下游轉子盤上之Nu值較為明顯。此外，從本研究成果亦可發現適當的緣封構形確實可以較強健地維持轉盤系統之流場型態以延遲攝入現象之發生。

This study used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, Fluent®, to simulate the heat transfer and ingress phenomena of rotor-stator disk systems with different rim seal geometry. The key parameter of this research including rim seal geometry, rotation speed of rotating disk (Req), and superimposed airflow rate (Cw) are the detailed discussion of influence of the field characteristic flows to rotary table system in it. The numerical results are verified very well with existing experimental data, produced by indigenous rotating disk system with radial clearance configuration, in terms of static temperature distribution on rotating disk and the Nu value and the h value distribution on rotating disk. Through originally discoveries, Req and Cw field characteristic for flowing fail to agree, when namely increase Req or reduce Cw, its change of a structure for flowing is quite similar. And with the increase of Req and Cw, the upper reaches stator is a phenomenon of soaring with Nu value on downstream rotor plate gradually. Nu value of swimming on the rotor plate as follows is comparatively obvious. As the results, the stability of flow structure can be sustained to delay ingestion by appropriate rim seal.

誌謝 I
摘要 II
ABSTRACT III
表目錄 V
符號說明 XIV
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 文獻回顧 4
1.3 研究目的 8
第二章 數學模式與數值方法 10
2.1 數學模式 10
2.2 數值方法 13
2.2.1 壓力與速度耦合方法 14
2.2.2 離散化 14
2.2.3 二階上風法 16
2.2.4 SIMPLEC數值法 17
2.3 數值模擬流程 20
2.4 幾何構形與邊界條件 21
2.5 網格形式與配置 22
第三章 結果與討論 23
3.1 具徑向開口緣封之轉盤系統 24
3.1.1程式驗證 24
3.1.2 流場之特性 27
3.1.4 溫度場之特性 30
3.1.5 攝入現象 31
3.2 不同幾何緣封構形效應 32
3.2.1流場之特性 32
3.2.2 溫度場之特性 33
3.2.3 攝入現象 34
第四章 結論與建議 36
4.1 結論 36
4.2 建議 37
附錄A 具軸向開口緣封轉盤系統 82
附錄B 具附加檔板徑向開口緣封轉盤系統 99

[1] Steinetz, B. M. and Hendricks, R. C., 1994, “Engine Seal Technology Requirements to Meet NASA’s Advanced Subsonic Technology Program Goals,” NASA TM-106582, AIAA-94-2698.
[2] Hendricks, R. C., Steinetz, B. M., Athavale, M. M., and Przekwas, A. J., 1996, “Seals/Secondary Flows,” 1996 NASA Conference on Seals and Secondary Air Systems.
[3] Steinetz, B. M. and Hendricks, R. C., 1999, “Seals/Secondary Flows,” 1999 NASA Seal/Secondary Air System Workshop.
[4] Dinc, S., Turnquist, N. T., and Chupp, R., 1999, “Advanced Seals at GE Research and Development Center,” 1999 NASA Seal/Secondary Air System Workshop, NASA/CP-2000-210472, Vol. 1, pp. 143-159.
[5] Chupp, R., Dinc, S., and Turnquist, N.T., 1999, “GE Industrial Turbine Advanced Seal Development,” 1999 NASA Seal/Secondary Air System Workshop, NASA/CP-2000-210472, Vol. 1, pp. 161-174.
[6] Daniels, W. A., Johnson, B. V., Graber, D. J. and Martin, R. J., “Rim Seal Experiments and Analysis for Turbine Applications,” ASME Journal of Transactions, Vol. 114, pp. 426-432, 1992.
[7] Chew, J. W., Dadkhah, S. and Turner, A. B., “Rim Sealing of Rotor- Stator Wheelspaces in the Absence of External Flow,” ASME Journal of Turbomachinery., Vol. 114, pp. 433-438, 1992.
[8] Dadkhah, S., Turner, A. B. and Chew, J. W., “Performance of Radial Clearance Rim Seals in Upstream and Downstream Rotor-Stator Wheelspaces,” ASME Journal of Turbomachinery, Vol. 114, pp. 439-445, 1992.
[9] Phadke, U. P. and Owen, J. M., 1988, “Aerodynamic Aspects of the Sealing of Gas-Turbine Rotor-Stator Systems, Part 1: The Behavior of Simple Shrouded Rotating-Disk Systems in a Quiescent Environment,” International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 98-105.
[10] Phadke, U. P. and Owen, J. M., 1988, “Aerodynamic Aspects of the Sealing of Gas-Turbine Rotor-Stator Systems, Part 2: The Performance of Simple Seals in a Quasi-Axisymmertic External Flow,” International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 106-112.
[11] Phadke, U. P. and Owen, J. M., 1988, “Aerodynamic Aspects of the Sealing of Gas-Turbine Rotor-Stator Systems, Part 3: The Effect of Nonaxisymmetric External Flow on Seal Performance,” International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 113-116.
[12] 劉東平， “兩獨立旋轉圓盤間流動及熱傳之理論與實驗研究” 博士論文，國防大學中正理工學院國防科學研究所，桃園大溪，2002。
[13] Soong, C. Y., Wu, C. C., Liu, T. P., and Liu, T. P., 2003, “Flow Structure Between Two Co-Axial Disks Rotating Independently,” Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, Vol. 27, pp. 295-311.
[14] 王志揚, 2003, “具緣封之轉子-定子轉盤系統之熱傳實驗研究,” 碩士論文, 逢甲大學機械工程學系碩士班.
[15] 林俊甫,2005, “具緣罩轉子-定子轉盤系統內混合對流熱傳之實驗研究,” 碩士論文, 逢甲大學航太與系統工程學系碩士班.
[16] Kilnani, V. I. and Bhavnani, S. H., 2001, “Sealing of Gas Disk Cavities Cperating in the Presence of Mainstream External Flow,” Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, Vol. 25, pp. 163-173.
[17] Ng, E. Y. K., Liu, Z. Y., and Soong, C. Y., 2000, “Heat and Flow Evaluation in Rotating Circular Disks Passage with a CFD Approach,” Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A, Vol. 38, pp. 611-626.
[18] Beretta, G. P. and Malfa. E., 2003, “Flow and Heat Transfer in Cavities Between Rotor and Stator Disks,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 46, pp. 2715-2726.
[19] Hills, N. J., Chew, J. W., and Turner, A. B., 2002, “ Computational and Mathematical Modeling of Turbine Rim Seal Ingestion,” ASME Journal of Engineering Gas Turbine Power, Vol. 124, pp. 306-311.
[20] 梁植堯,2005,“考慮外流效應之具緣罩轉子-定子盤系統流場特性之數值研究”碩士論文,逢甲大學航太與系統工程學系碩士班.
[21] Scarborough, J. B. (1958). Numerical Mathematical Analysis, 4th edn, Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD.
[22] White, F. M., 1991, Viscous Fluid Flow, 2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill, New York.
[23] Tannehill, J. C., Anderson, D. A., and Pletcher. R. H., 1997, Computational Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer, 2nd Edition, Taylor & Francis, New York.
[24] Kakac, S. and Yener, Y., 1995, Convective Heat Transfer, 2nd Edition, CRC, Florida.
[25] Fox, R. T. and McDonald, A. T., 1988, Introduction to Fluid Mechanics, 5th Edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York.