臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

秋刀魚Cololabis saira為一種重要經濟魚類，台灣為全球第二大秋刀魚漁獲國，僅次於日本。本論文以2006 - 2012年台灣秋刀魚漁業漁獲物為材料，透過其耳石第一年輪徑(radius of otolith annual rings, ROA)來判定台灣秋刀魚漁獲的洄游路線是否與日本推測的洄游路線相同，並且分析台灣秋刀魚0歲魚漁獲之比例和產量對日本秋刀魚0歲魚比例及產量、台灣、日本和全球秋刀魚總產量之關係式，以及檢測日本所建立秋刀魚漁獲物體長頻度的2個常態分布交點體長(IP)與1歲秋刀魚佔50 %個體組成所對應體長(L50)之關係是否可應用於台灣秋刀魚漁獲。以ROA推測洄游路徑的結果，台灣2006 - 2012年及2009年6、8和11月的平均ROA與日本6樣區2002、2003、2005和2006年等4年年平均ROA之重疊性不佳，但平均ROA的月變化則呈現逐月遞減的現象，符合秋刀魚由北太平洋東側洄游至西側的假說。台灣秋刀魚0歲魚漁獲之比例和產量對日本秋刀魚0歲魚比例及產量、台灣、日本和全球秋刀魚總產量之相關性結果顯示，台灣漁獲的0歲魚比例與日本漁獲0歲魚比例有顯著相關，即台灣與日本所捕0歲魚比例變動一致，然而台灣所捕秋刀魚0歲魚的比例和產量對日本0歲魚產量、當年及隔年台灣、日本和全球秋刀魚總產量均無顯著相關。在2006 - 2012年間，台灣秋刀魚漁獲0歲魚和1歲魚分界體長均約在28 - 29 cm之間，0歲魚所佔比例大約都在40 %以下，只有2009年高達70 %。將台灣秋刀魚漁獲體長頻度2個常態分布交點IP代入日本秋刀魚體長IP與L50關係式之結果顯示，由本研究耳石判斷之0、1歲體長頻度分布交點(AP)落在上述關係式推測L50之信賴區間，並且以one - way ANOVA檢測IP、L50及AP等3種秋刀魚0、1歲魚交點體長數值間無顯著差異(F2,15 = 0.002, p = 0.998)。

Pacific saury (Cololabis saira) is an important commercial fish. Taiwan is the second largest harvesting country of saury after Japan. This study measured the radius of otolith annual rings (ROA) from the 2006 - 2012 saury catch by Taiwan, firstly, to compare the migratory routes of the saury caught by Taiwan and Japan, and secondly, to analyze relationships of the age 0 saury percentage and production in the catch of Taiwan to the age 0 saury percentage and production of the Japanese total catch, Taiwanese total catch, and global total catch. Also, the relationship between the intersection points (IPs) of the two normal distributions of saury length frequency and the knob lengths at which 50% of the fish were age 1(L50) established by Japan was verified using Taiwanese data in this study. Average ROA from Taiwan 2006 - 2012 and June, August, and November of 2009 were compared with average ROA in the six sample areas from Japan 2002, 2003, 2005, and 2006. Taiwanese annual average ROA in 2006 - 2012 don’t overlap well in the six Japanese sample areas, but the monthly average ROA decreased with time corresponding to the hypothesis that saury migrates from east to west in the North Pacific. The relationships of age 0 percentage and production from Taiwan to Japan, Taiwanese catch, Japanese catch, and the global catch showed that only the percentage of Taiwan age 0 fish was significantly correlated to the percentage of Japan age 0 fish. This shows that percentage variations of age 0 saury catch from Taiwan is the same as Japan. The relationship of age 0 fish percentage and production from Taiwan to the following year Taiwanese, Japanese, and global catch was not significant. In 2006 - 2012, boundary length between age 0 and age 1 was about 28 - 29 cm, and the percentage of age 0 fish was about 40 % in all years, except 2009 being 70 %. Results of the IPs between the two normal distributions in the Taiwanese saury length frequency substituted into the Japanese relationship of saury length IP and L50 showed that the intersection points between the body length frequency distributions of age 0 and age 1 determined by the otolith (AP) in this study located in the 95 % confidence intervals of the predicted L50. In addition, the 3 boundary lengths of IP, L50, and AP between age 0 and age 1 were not significant different in the one - way ANOVA test (F2,15 = 0.002, p = 0.998).

中文摘要....................................................i
Abstract.................................................iii
目錄.......................................................v
表目錄...................................................vii
圖目錄....................................................ix
附錄目錄...................................................xi

壹、前言....................................................1
一、台灣秋刀魚漁業之重要性及漁獲商業分級.......................1
二、秋刀魚的生物學概說......................................2
三、魚類耳石與年齡判定......................................2
四、耳石在秋刀魚漁業上的應用研究回顧..........................3
五、秋刀魚體長頻度研究應用回顧...............................6
六、研究目的...............................................8
貳、材料與方法..............................................9
一、魚體樣本來源............................................9
二、耳石處理與判齡.........................................10
三、體長頻度分析...........................................10
四、統計分析..............................................11
參、結果...................................................15
一、比較台灣與日本2002 - 2004年與2006年漁獲之ROA............15
二、台灣0歲魚比例和產量、日本0歲魚比例和產量與台灣、日本和全球產量之相關性...................................................16
三、台灣漁獲之體長頻度分布..................................16
肆、討論...................................................19
一、以耳石第一年輪徑(ROA)推測秋刀魚遷移路線..................19
二、台灣與日本漁獲0歲魚比例和產量與台灣產量、日本產量和全球產量之關性.......................................................20
三、體長頻度..............................................21
四、耳石透明帶............................................22
五、結論..................................................24
伍、參考文獻...............................................25
附表...................................................31-44
附圖...................................................45-53
附錄...................................................55-57

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