臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

PI/PID控制器因為技術成熟，使用簡單，故廣泛的應用在工業控制迴路中。而控制器的調整在文獻中大多利用數學分析的方法，但在工廠裡則需要的是可以操作的方法。本文的研究提出了三種以實驗設計為基礎的微調PI/PID控制器的程序，分別為反應曲面法、最陡坡降法、部分因子法。反應曲面搜尋法主要分為三個階段進行微調，以循序漸進的過程，經過有系統的規劃實驗，逐步改善數據得到最終的反應點。結果顯示，有效的改善PI/PID控制器實驗數據。有別於理論分析方法，以優化的實驗過程，適合工業應用。最陡坡降法，將反應曲面法的第二階段以最陡坡降法代替作為搜尋工具，結果顯示能快速且有效的減少微調實驗的次數。部分因子法主要精神，以部分因子設計取代研究中全因子設計的微調實驗設計。其中使用了較佳配方以取代最佳配方之設計，可避免使用較嚴格的實驗精度，以及由誤差中去分辨出最佳配方的困難。結果顯示，可以成功的微調出較佳的PID控制參數，實驗效率提升一倍。本文將可以供工業上作PID控制器微調的步驟，並且提出了有別於理論分析的PID控制器設計方法。

The PID controllers are wildly applied in industry for its mature technology and easy to use. Mathematical measures are utilized in most controllers’ design; however, practical methods are more eagerly needed in factories. Based on experimental Design three PID controllers’ processes are provided in this research. These three experimental methods are Response Surface Methodology, Steepest Descent Method, and Fractional Factorial Design. There are steps of Response Surface Methodology search: through systemic experiment to improve statistics, so as to attain the final reflective point. The result shows that the effective PID controllers’ statistics which is different from theoretical method are provided in this research and are suitable for industry application. Steepest Descent Method is basically similar to Response Surface Methodology Search, but its searching implement is Steepest Descent Method on the second step. The conception of Fractional Factorial Design is to replace the Full Factorial design with Partial Factorial design in fine-tuning experiment. The design of treatment could avoid the necessity of using strict precision and the difficulty of discriminate treatment from inaccuracy. By exercising treatment, the better controlling parameter could be successfully attained. Furthermore, the efficiency increased two times when compared with Full Factorial design. PID controller could be adjusted to the best status through the three fine tuning processes which mentioned above. In short, this article provides PID controller’s steps in fine tuning and design method which is different from other theoretical analysis.

目錄
摘要 I
Abstract II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 VII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 背景 1
1.2 研究目的 5
1.3 文獻回顧 6
1.4 全文概述 13
第二章 研究系統架構 15
2.1 PID控制器 15
2.2 一階具時間延遲系統 20
2.3 Z-N法則 23
2.4 系統的性能參考指標 26
第三章 以反應曲面法進行微調實驗 28
3.1 反應曲面法 28
3.2 實驗設計 28
3.3 實驗步驟 31
3.4 結果與討論 32
第四章 以最陡坡降法進行微調實驗 41
4.1 最陡坡降法 41
4.2 實驗設計 41
4.3 實驗步驟 44
4.4 結果與討論 45
第五章 以部分因子法進行微調實驗 56
5.1 部分因子法 56
5.2 實驗設計 56
5.3 實驗步驟 58
5.4 結果與討論 59
第六章 結論與建議 69
6.1 結論 69
6.2 建議 72
參考文獻 73

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