臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近年來由於全球化、自由化與資訊科技的進步，製造商與供應商間的關係已產生重大的轉變。企業不再與眾多的供應商合作以爭取最低的成本，反而朝向減少供應商的數目並與之建立緊密的合作關係。因此在與供應商的合作方面，製造商必須在供應鏈管理的環境下對供應商關係管理，事先做好完善的實務規劃，才能夠確保供應商在互信合作的關係下成為供應鏈中共擔風險、共享利益的一份子，如此才能提昇供應鏈管理之整體效益。
　　本研究主要的目的在探討夥伴關係的密切程度與供應鏈管理的執行程度對供應商績效與製造商績效的影響，並以天下雜誌2003年出版之前1000大製造業為研究對象，所得資料使用結構化方程式與集群分析來驗證。而研究結果發現夥伴關係的密切程度對供應鏈管理的執行程度有顯著正向的影響。供應鏈管理的執行程度對供應商之供應績效與製造商之製造績效有顯著的正向影響，供應商之供應績效對製造商之製造績效有顯著正向影響，而夥伴關係對製造商之製造績效與供應商之供應績效無顯著直接影響，而是透過加強供應鏈管理的執行程度來促進供應商與製造商之績效。
　　由此可知，製造商的管理者欲改善公司的製造績效可藉由供應鏈管理的四項顯著指標變數著手：（1）生產作業能力；（2）供應商關係；（3）組織運作；（4）資訊共享。因此加強夥伴關係的密切度可使供應商的品質及交貨績效獲得改善，進而提升本身的製造績效，增加企業的競爭力。
關鍵字：夥伴關係、供應鏈管理、供應商績效、製造商績效、線性結構關係模式

The advance in globalization, liberalization and Information Technology have changed the relationship between manufacturers and their suppliers. Enterprises are no longer dealing with many of suppliers to pursue the lowest cost, they reduced supplier base and building the close relationship with limited and selected suppliers instead. In terms of cooperation with supplier, the manufacturers have to do the comprehensive planning of supplier relationship management in advance under such a surrounding of Supplier Chain Management(SCM) so they can ensure suppliers to be a risk and benefit sharing members that enhancing the completed performance in the supply chain.
The objective of this research is to test the impact of partnership, SCM, supplier’s operational performance(SP) and buyer’s manufacturing performance(MP). The Top 1000 Hi-Tech Manufactures in Taiwan who published by Cheers Magazine Year 2003 were reach subjects in this study and data collected by using structural equation model. According to the results of the analysis, this study found that the close level of partnership has a positive impact on SCM, the execution level of SCM has a positive impact on Supplier Performance (SP) and Manufacturing Performance(MP),the SP has a positive impact on MP.
Besides, the study found also the partnership has no direct impact on both SP and MP, SP and MP could be impacted indirectly by improving the execution level of SCM.
As can be seen, the managers of the buyer-companies could improve the MP by the 4 indications of SCM: (1) the processing capability of production (2) Supplier Relationship (3) organizational operation (4) information sharing.
For the reasons of above mentioned, improved the close level of partnership could enhance the performance of supplier’s qualities and lead time of delivery so performance of MP could be improved by the way that create more higher competitive capabilities of buyer-companies.

Key words: Partnership, Supply Chain Management, Supplier’s Performance, Manufacturing Performance, Structural Equation Modeling

一、 緒論

第一節　研究背景與研究動機……………………………………01
第二節　研究目的與研究問題……………………………………04
第三節　研究範圍與研究對象……………………………………05
第四節　研究流程…………………………………………………06

二、 文獻探討

第一節　供應鏈與供應鏈管理……………………………………07
第二節　供應商關係管理與夥伴關係……………………………25
第三節　企業績效與製造商績效…………………………………41
第四節　供應商整合與績效………………………………………47
第五節　各構念之互動關係………………………………………54

三、 研究方法

第一節　研究架構…………………………………………………59
第二節　研究假設…………………………………………………60
第三節　變數衡量與操作性定義…………..……………………..65
第四節　資料分析分法……………………………………………73
第五節　問卷分析與抽樣設計……………………………………76

四、 研究結果與分析

第一節　各構面之因素分析………………………………………82
第二節　線性結構關係模式………………………………………88
第三節　假設驗證…………………………………………………93
第四節 各構面之差異性分析……………………………………98

五、 結論與建議

第一節　研究結論…………………………………………………106
第二節　管理意涵…………………………………………………111
第三節　研究貢獻…………………………………………………113
第四節　研究限制…………………………………………………116
第五節　後續研究建議……………………………………………117

參考文獻…………………………………………………………………118
附錄………………………………………………………………………133


圖目錄


圖 1-1 企業協同系統............................................................................. 2
圖 1-2 研究流程圖................................................................................. 6
圖 2-1 供應鏈示意圖............................................................................. 7
圖 2-2 終極供應鏈................................................................................. 10
圖 2-3 基本供應鏈................................................................................. 10
圖 2-4 軟三元......................................................................................... 13
圖 2-5 推式系統..................................................................................... 16
圖 2-6 拉式系統..................................................................................... 17
圖 2-7 供應鏈四個流程與七個重要概念............................................. 21
圖 2-8 買賣關係的演進......................................................................... 27
圖 2-9 關係之連續帶............................................................................. 30
圖 2-10 供應鏈管理策略圖……………………………………………..36
圖 3-1 研究架構圖................................................................................. 59
圖 4-1 夥伴關係、供應鏈管理、製造商績效與供應商績效之
LISREL 模式.............................................................................. 88
圖 4-2 夥伴關係、供應鏈管理、製造商績效與供應商績效之
LISREL 驗證...............................................................................92

表目錄

表 1-1 研究範圍與研究對象.................................................................5
表 2-1 供應鏈管理能力衡量構面及衡量項目..................................... 22
表 2-2 供應鏈管理能力衡量構面及衡量項目..................................... 22
表 2-3 供應鏈管理能力衡量構面及衡量項目......................................23
表 2-4 供應鏈管理能力之主要衡量構面............................................. 23
表 2-5 關係的發展四個階段..................................................................25
表 2-6 傳統觀點下買方與供應商的關係............................................. 26
表 2-7 JIT觀點下買方與供應商的關係............................................... 26
表 2-8 各理論之比較表......................................................................... 29
表 2-9 理想的集體行動之分類............................................................. 30
表 2-10 夥伴關係..................................................................................... 31
表 2-11 夥伴關係之定義......................................................................... 32
表 2-12 夥伴關係發展之四階段............................................................. 33
表 2-13 實施夥伴關係之利益................................................................. 34
表 2-14 夥伴關係之行為要素................................................................. 34
表 2-15 夥伴關係管理之構面彙整......................................................... 40
表 2-16 組織績效之衡量因素................................................................. 42
表 2-17 波士頓大學採用之製造競爭要項.............................................44
表 2-18 企業製造績效之衡量指標彙總表..............................................45
表 2-19 JIT系統供應商選擇文獻整理.................................................... 50
表 2-20 供應商績效準則彙總表............................................................. 53
表 2-21 供應鏈夥伴關係之潛在利益..................................................... 54
表 3-1 研究假設彙整............................................................................. 64
表 3-2 夥伴關係管理之構面與操作性定義......................................... 66
表 3-3 供應鏈管理能力衡量構面及衡量因子..................................... 67
表 3-4 供應鏈管理能力衡量構面及衡量因子..................................... 67
表 3-5 供應鏈管理能力衡量構面及衡量因子......................................68
表 3-6 供應鏈管理能力之主要衡量構面............................................. 68
表 3-7 製造商績效之構面與操作性定義............................................. 70
表 3-8 供應商之供應績效之構面與操作性定義................................. 71
表 3-9 線性結構關係模型指標及判斷標準......................................... 74
表 3-10 各構面因素之信度分析............................................................. 76
表 3-11 卡方適合度檢定......................................................................... 80
表 3-12 回收問卷廠商之基本資料......................................................... 80
表 4-1 本研究架構各構念之指標變數彙整總..................................... 82

表 4-2 各構面之KMO 取樣適切性量數與Bartlett 球形檢定............ 82
表 4-3 夥伴關係之因素分析................................................................. 83
表 4-4 供應鏈管理之因素分析............................................................. 84
表 4-5 製造商績效之因素分析............................................................. 85
表 4-6 供應商績效之因素分析............................................................. 86
表 4-7 LISREL 模式分析結果.............................................................. 90
表 4-8 模式之直接效果、間接效果和總合效果................................. 92
表 4-9 夥伴關係構面華德法逐次集結係數表..................................... 98
表 4-10 夥伴關係各集群平均數相等性檢定......................................... 99
表 4-11 夥伴關係預測分群之命中率..................................................... 99
表 4-12 夥伴關係對供應鏈管理之變異數分析表................................. 100
表 4-13 夥伴關係對供應商績效之變異數分析表................................. 100
表 4-13 夥伴關係對製造商績效之變異數分析表................................. 101
表 4-15 供應鏈管理構面華德法逐次集結係數表................................. 101
表 4-16 供應鏈管理各集群平均數相等性檢定..................................... 102
表 4-17 供應鏈管理預測分群之命中..................................................... 102
表 4-18 供應鏈管理對供應商績效之t 檢定表...................................... 102
表 4-19 供應鏈管理對製造商績效之t 檢定表...................................... 103
表 4-20 供應商績效構面華德法逐次集結係數表................................. 104
表 4-21 供應商績效各集群平均數相等性檢定..................................... 104
表 4-22 供應商績效預測分群之命中率................................................. 104
表 4-23 供應商績效分群對製造商績效之變異數分析表..................... 105
表 5-1 研究結果彙整............................................................................. 106

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