臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本實驗是利用電紡絲之技術，製備出具有順向性排列之聚氨基甲酸酯中空纖維膜。其殼層紡絲液成份為聚氨基甲酸酯(PU)，芯層紡絲液成份為聚環氧乙烷(PEO)，將兩者不同紡絲液經由同軸紡嘴，由高電壓作用將紡絲液體突破其表面張力，形成殼層與芯層形態的複合纖維，且複合纖維收集於旋轉式收集器上，形成具有堆疊排列的複合纖維，並將製備複合纖維裁切成5 cm的長度，置於超音波震盪水槽，將芯層成份洗除，形成聚氨基甲酸酯中空纖維膜。藉由掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)觀察其纖維的表面及斷面，使用分析軟體Image J，分析中空纖維的排列的順向性。
研究發現，在PU紡絲液濃度10-15 %及電壓5-8 kV時，可得到最適化可紡性區域；在PU紡絲液濃度13 %及電壓7 kV、內外管流速比值(FRR)0.8時中空纖維的順向性排列最佳；添加Silica可改善聚氨基甲酸酯形成中空纖維膜後的坍塌現象。

Polyurethane hollow fiber membranes with directional arrangement were prepared by electrospinning in this study. The spinning solutions of shell and core were polyurethane (PU) and polyethylene oxide, respectively. Both solutions through coaxial spinneret were manufactured into conjugated fibers by high voltage which made solutions to destroy their surface tension. The conjugated fibers membranes were collected by rotary collector and formed axial alignment. Therefore, the conjugated fibers were cut into 5 cm length and put in ultrasonic shock sink in order to remove the core and obtain polyurethane hollow fiber membranes. The surface and cross-section of fibers were observed by SEM and the directional arrangement of hollow fibers membranes was analyzed by Image J software.
The optimal area of spinnability was detected at PU solution concentration of 10-15 % and voltage of 5-8 kV. The superior directional arrangement of hollow fiber membranes was observed at PU solution concentration of 13 %, voltage of 7 kV and the rate of core/shell solution flow of 0.8. Moreover, the collapse phenomenon of hollow fiber was improved by adding silica into polyurethane

目錄
摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
目錄 III
表目錄 V
圖目錄 VI
1.1 研究重要性與動機 1
1.2 中空纖維的應用前景 1
1.3研究目的 1
1.4研究假說 1
二. 文獻回顧 3
2.1 聚氨基甲酸酯 3
2.2 電紡絲技術之介紹 6
2.2.1電紡絲原理 8
2.2.2 電紡絲之基本參數控制 9
2.2.4方向性纖維收集方式 11
2.2.5 中空纖維 12
三. 實驗 15
3.1 材料與溶劑 15
3.2 實驗設計條件與配比 16
3.3 電紡絲中空纖維之製備與實驗流程 19
3.4 實驗設備及測試儀器 22
3.4.1 儀器設備 22
3.4.2 電紡絲設備及中空紡嘴 23
3.5實驗測試 24
4.1 PART I 25
4.1.1 紡絲液芯層濃度選擇 25
4.1.2 電壓與濃度之關係 27
4.2 PART II 固定濃度、電壓及外管流速，改變不同內管流速 46
4.3 PART III 添加不同含量SILICA之SEM縱斷面及橫斷面形態分析 55
五. 結論 63
六. 參考文獻 64

1.Hepburn, C., “Polyurethane Elastomers”, Applied Science Publishers, London and New York, 1982,pp.1~2.
2.Byung Kyu Kim, Jong Cheol Lee .“Waterborne polyurethanes and their properties.Journal of Polymer Scinece: Part A: Polymer Chemistry. ” 1996, 34, 1095
3.Woods, G, “The ICI Polyurethanes Book”, Published jointly by I.C.I and John Wiley&Sons, 1987
4.Oertel, G., “Polyurethane Handbook”, Hanser Publisher, Munich Vienna New York, 1985, pp.1~6
5.Boretos, J.W. , Pierce, W.S., "Segmented Polyurethane: A New Elastomer for Biomedical Applications," Science 158:1481 (1967 ).
6.Jonquieres Anne , Clement Robert , Lochon Pierre. Permeability of block copolymers to vapors and liquids[J ] . Prog Polym Sci , 2002 ,27 :1803 - 1877.
7.沈惠玲、肖長髮、高留意，天津科技大學學報，Vol.23，No. 2，18，2008
8.吳長福、王文祖，人造血管的發展與應用，技術創新，2003，(9)，26
9.吳湘濟，合成纖維，2004，增刊:39
10.Jeschke M G, Herman V , Wolf S E. Polyurethane vascular prostheses decrease neointimal formation compared with expanded polytetra fluoroethylene [J ] . Vascular Surgery , 1999 ,29 (1) :168 - 176.
11.潘仕榮、楊世方、易武，小徑微孔聚氨酯人工血管的製備條件對微觀結構與性能的影響，中國修復重建外科雜誌，2005，19 (1)，65
12.林玲、徐衛林、歐陽晨曦、謝小琴、董瑞跤，膜科學與技術，Vol.28，No.1，40，2008
13.N. Schneider, L. Dusablon, E. Snell and R. Prosser , Water vapor transport in structurally varied polyurethans. J Macromol Sci Phys B3 (1969), pp. 623–644.
14.J. Zeleny, “The Electrical Discharge from Liquid Points, and a Hydrostatic Method of Measuring the Electric Intensity at Their Surface”, Physical Review, Vol. 3,p.69-91 (1914)
15.Bhardwaj, N. and S.C. Kundu, Electrospinning: a fascinating fiber fabrication technique. Biotechnology Advances, 2010. 28(3): p. 325-47.
16.Larrondo, L. and R.S.J. Manley, ELECTROSTATIC FIBER SPINNING FROM POLYMER MELTS - 3. ELECTROSTATIC DEFORMATION OF A PENDANT DROP OF POLYMER MELT. Journal of polymer science. Part A-2, Polymer physics, 1981. 19(6): p. 933-940.
17.Reneker, D.H. and I. Chun, Nanometre diameter fibres of polymer, produced by electrospinning. Nanotechnology, 1996. 7(3): p. 216-223.
18.Fong, H., I. Chun, and D.H. Reneker, Beaded nanofibers formed during electrospinning. Polymer, 1999. 40(16): p. 4585-4592.
19.Buchko, C.J., et al., Processing and microstructural characterization of porous biocompatible protein polymer thin films. Polymer, 1999. 40(26): p. 7397-7407.
20.Boland, E.D., et al., Tailoring tissue engineering scaffolds using electrostatic processing techniques: A study of poly(glycolic acid) electrospinning. Journal of Macromolecular Science-Pure and Applied Chemistry, 2001. 38(12): p. 1231-1243.
21.Li, D., Y.L. Wang, and Y.N. Xia, Electrospinning of polymeric and ceramic nanofibers as uniaxially aligned arrays. Nano Letters, 2003. 3(8): p. 1167-1171.
22.Xu, C.Y., et al., Aligned biodegradable nanofibrous structure: a potential scaffold for blood vessel engineering. Biomaterials, 2004. 25(5): p. 877-86.
23.Deitzel, J.M., et al., “ Controlled deposition of electrospun poly(ethylene oxide) fibers”. Polymer, 2001. 42(19): p. 8163-8170.
24.K. H. Lee, H. Y. Kim, M. S. Khil, Y. M. Ra, and D. R. Lee, “Characterization of nano-structured poly(ε-caprolactone) nonwoven mats via electrospinning,” Polymer, vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 1287–1294, 2003.
25.J. Li, H. Dai, X. Zhong, Y. Zhang and X. Cao, “ Hollow Fibers of Lanthanum Cerium Oxide Prepared by Electrospinning”. Adnavced Engineering Materials, vol. 9, 3, 205, 2007
26.M. Lallave, J. Bedia, R. Ruiz-Rosas, J. Rodríguez-Mirasol, T. Cordero, J. C. Otero, M. Marquez, A. Barrero and I. G. “ Filled and Hollow Carbon Nanofibers by Coaxial Electrospinning of Alcell lignin without binder Polymers. ” Loscertales, Adnavced Materials, 19, 4292, 2007.
27.K. H. K. Chan, M. Kotaki, “ Fabrication and morphology control of Poly (methyl methacrylate) Hollow Structures via Coaxial Electrospinning. ”Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 111, 408, 2009
28.孫良奎,程海峰,楚增勇,熱加工工藝技術與材料研究,第7期, 83,2008
29.翟國鈞、王佩傑、李從舉、付中玉、常敏，北京服裝學院學報，Vol.26，No.1，8，2006
30.Jeong W. T., Joo J. H., Lee K. S. “ Synthesis of spinel LiMn2O4 powders for lithium ion battery by mechanical alloying of Li2O2 and Mn2O3.”, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 358, 294, 2003
31.Hongyu Guan, Changlu Shao, Shangbin Wen. “A novel method for preparing Co3O4 nanofibers by using electrospun PVA/cobalt acetate composite fibers as precursor.” MaterialsChemistry and Physics, 82, 1002, 2003