TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT I
中文摘要 Ⅴ
致謝 Ⅷ
TABLE OF CONTENTS X
LIST OF TABLES XⅢ
LIST OF FIGURES XⅣ
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND NOMENCLATURE XX
Chapter 1 General Introduction 1
1.1 Background 1
1.2 Gross Anatomy of the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee 3
1.3 Histology of the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee 5
1.4 Mechanical properties of the human anterior cruciate ligament 7
1.5 Literature reviews 10
1.6 General objectives 14
Chapter 2 Materials and Methods 16
2.1 Animal experiment 16
2.1.1 Materials 16
2.1.2 Methods 21
2.1.3 Postoperative care 25
2.1.4 Micro-computed tomography study 25
2.1.5 Mechanical testing 28
2.1.6 Scanning electron microscopy study 34
2.1.7 Histopathological study of the LARS artificial ligament with tissue ingrowths 35
2.1.8 Statistics 36
2.2 Clinical Cases Analysis 37
2.2.1 Patients and Methods 37
2.2.1.1 Patients 37
2.2.1.2 Operative procedure 38
2.2.1.3 Postoperative care and rehabilitation 39
2.2.1.4 Clinical assessment 40
2.2.1.5 Statistics 40
Chapter 3 Results 42
3.1 Animal Experiment 42
3.1.1 Gross observation 42
3.1.2 Micro-computed tomography study 43
3.1.3 Tensile test 46
3.1.4 Scanning electron microscopy study 51
3.1.5 Histopathological study of the LARS artificial ligament with tissue ingrowths 54
3.2 Clinical Cases Analysis 57
3.2.1 Knee Stability 61
3.2.2 Range of Motion 62
3.2.3 Knee function scores 62
Chapter 4 Discussion and Conclusion 64
4.1 Discussion of Animal experiment 64
4.2 Discussion of Clinical Cases Analysis 68
4.3 Conclusion 72
4.4 Future work 73
References 75
Appendix A: The Score of Lysholm and Gillquist for Evaluating Athletes after Knee Ligament surgery 89
Appendix B: Tegner Score of activity level 92
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