臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

酸鹼值在生理訊號中扮演著重要的指標，可從組織液中量測到的酸鹼值進而輔助判別細胞組織的健康情形，而若能同時了解組織液中鉀離子濃度的變化，對於心臟手術的保護液灌注時機更能有所幫助。
本論文開發以酸鹼感測功能之氧化銥/氯化銀結構、銅/金電阻式溫度感測計與含有纈氨黴素離子載體的PVC薄膜作為測量鉀離子濃度的工作電極整合製程，並整合製作於長度與寬度分別為20 mm與290 μm的軟性-Kapton®HN聚醯亞胺薄膜上，再將此軟性薄膜置入經過雷射切割的23G注射針臂內形成一多重生理訊號檢測探針；23G注射針頭外徑直徑為0.641mm、內徑直徑0.337mm、壁厚0.152mm，此微小之口徑能使實際穿刺時產生最輕微之生物體傷害。此多功能微型探針具有-51.9mV/pH酸鹼值靈敏度，37.4 mV/decade鉀離子濃度量測靈敏度與0.0436 Ω/ ℃溫度感測靈敏度。
本研究亦藉由豬隻動物實驗來驗證探針的可行性，並透過ECMO及箝制主動脈血液流動的動物模型設計讓心肌缺血，以模擬實際心臟手術心肌缺氧的情形。從探針於動物實驗中量測之訊號與各項血檢及病理切片做驗證後，得出其可即時反應心肌細胞受損酸壞之情形，並能提供適當時機點以做心肌保護液的再灌注。期望未來能將此探針實際應用於人體手術中，以提高手術成功率。

Tissue fluidic pH value is an important physiological signal, which can help physicians to diagnose whether the tissue is healthy or not. Meanwhile, extracellular pH value and potassium ion concentration could be indicators to determine the proper timing for the reperfusion of cardioplegic solution during cardiac surgery. As a result, in this thesis work, we successfully develop the fabrication processes of IrOx/AgCl-based pH sensor, Cu/Au-based resistive temperature detector, and PVC-based valinomycin ionophore as working electrode for potassium ion sensor and then integrate these sensors onto a single flexible Kapton® HN polyimide film, which can be fully embedded inside a laser-carved 23G needle for swine heart monitoring. The probe with an outer diameter of 0.641mm can result in the puncture wounds with minimal damage to the heart and exhibit the sensitivities of 51.9mV/pH, 37.4 mV/decade and 0.0436 Ω/℃ for pH, potassium concentration and temperature sensing, respectively. The clinical feasibility of the probe is validated by the animal models utilizing ECMO or clamping the aorta of the swine to mimic myocardial ischemia during actual cardiac surgery. Comparing the detected signals with the results of blood test and anatomic pathology, it has been found that the probe can effectively provide a real-time information regarding the process of myocardial cell damage and necrosis with pH reduction and even the possible timing for the reperfusion of cardioplegic solution. The experimental results have shown the potential of the probe for human cardiac surgery monitoring.

摘　 要 i
Abstract ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖章節 v
表章節 vii
壹、 緒論 1
1.1 pH值、鉀離子及溫度的恆定對人體的重要性 1
1.2研究動機 2
1.3針狀結構感測器比較 4
1.4感測器簡介 5
1.4.1酸鹼感測器 5
1.4.2酸鹼感測器歷史文獻 6
1.4.3鉀離子感測器 8
1.4.4溫度感測器簡介 9
1.4.5溫度感測器歷史文獻 10
1.5本實驗室歷代感測器回顧 12
貳、 感測探針設計原理與製作暨動物模型設計 14
2.1微型探針之設計原理 14
2.2微型探針之製程步驟 18
2.3感測探針與注射針頭之整合 23
2.4動物模型設計 25
參、 探針量測與動物實驗結果 27
3.1感測探針元件量測結果 27
3.1.1酸鹼值對應開路電位量測 27
3.1.2鉀離子濃度對應開路電位量測 29
3.1.3酸鹼值與鉀離子濃度相互干擾量測 30
3.1.4 RTD對應電阻量測 31
3.2動物模型實驗量測 32
3.2.1實驗量測：動物模型(I) 32
3.2.2實驗量測：動物模型(II) 34
3.2.3實驗量測：動物模型(III) 38
3.2.4 動物實驗總結 40
肆、 結論 41
參考資料 42

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