臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

游泳是透過橫向移動的運動，身體在水中位置是相當重要的。呼吸肌訓練可以透過增加呼吸頻率及呼吸肌收縮速度來提身體內更高的氣體儲存使軀幹能與水面水平；核心肌力訓練透過各種動作或器材使腹內壓上升讓軀幹獲得穩定也在軀幹的力量輸出更穩定。本研究目的：探討六週呼吸肌加核心肌力訓練對大學生游泳、運動表現及肺功能之效益。方法：實驗招募20位國立體育大學大學生 (男生10人、女生10人) 配對分配為控制組及實驗組進行為期六週的訓練，透過游泳運動表現 (50公尺、400公尺) 及肺功能 (肺活量、用力肺活量及第一秒呼氣量) 來評估訓練效益。結果：六週訓練期間，兩組皆進行正常游泳訓練，在其中控制組僅透過TriFlow® 進行呼吸肌訓練；實驗組透過Triflow® 進行呼吸肌訓練並加入徒手核心肌力訓練，實驗組在訓練後50公尺游泳表現有顯著的進步 (- 2.58秒，p = 0.04)，400公尺游泳表現雖沒達到顯著進步 (- 12.38秒，p = 0.52)，但有進步的趨勢，而肺功能 (肺活量，p = 0.00；用力肺活量，p = 0.01；第一秒呼氣量，p = 0.02) 皆有達到顯著提升；在控制組部分只有肺活量達到顯著提升 (p = 0.00)。結論：由此研究可發現透過呼吸肌訓練可以讓大學生肺活量得到改善之外，再加上核心肌力訓練更可以讓運動表現及肺功能獲得有效提升；藉由TriFlow®訓練器的訓練結果發現其與市面上較昂貴的訓練器材能得到相似的正向效益。

Swimming is a sport that requires the participant to move horizontally in the water . Therefore, the position of a swimmer’s body in the water is vital. Respiratory Muscle Training (RMT) can increase the body's tidal volume, respiratory frequency and contraction rate of the respiratory muscle, that allow trunk reach surface of the water; Core Muscle Training (CMT) can raising the intra-abdominal pressure through various movements or equipment to stabilize the trunk, that also allow limb’s power output more stable. The aim of this study is to verify the benefit of a six weeks RMT combine CMT in college students. Methods: We assessed the effect of this training on swimming performance and lung function (Vital Capacity, VC; Force Vital Capacity, FVC; Forced Expiratory Volume In One Second, FEV1).Recruited 20 college students (10 males and 10 females) were average distribution for an experimental group (EG) and a control group (CG). Result: During six weeks program, Both group performed regular swimming training, EG used Triflow® for RMT and CMT; CG only used Triflow® for RMT. EG’s 50m swimming performance has found significant difference in mean value reduce 2.58s (p=0.04). Although 400m swimming performance has no significant difference, but mean value reduced 12.38s (p= 0.052), and all lung function have significant difference (VC, p = 0.00; FVC, p = 0.01; FEV1, p = 0.02); CG has significant increase VC (p = 0.00). Conclusions: Our findings indicate the RMT combine CMT has beneficial effects on swimming performance and lung function; and the RMT improve on VC; Triflow® can be used as RMT tools, is cheaper than the other RMT tools so everyone can easily have it and start training.

第壹章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景 1
第二節 研究動機 3
第三節 研究目的 4
第四節 研究假設 4
第五節 研究範圍與限制 4
第六節 名詞解釋 5
第七節 操作型定義 6
第貳章 文獻探討 7
第一節 水中阻力 7
第二節 呼吸肌訓練對游泳運動表現的影響 9
第三節 核心肌力訓練對游泳表現之影響 12
第四節 文獻總結 14
第參章 研究方法 15
第一節 研究對象 15
第二節 實驗時間與地點 15
第三節 實驗儀器與設備 16
第四節 實驗設計 18
第五節 實驗流程 19
第六節 訓練內容 20
第七節 評估工具 24
第八節 統計分析 25
第肆章 研究結果 26
第一節 受試者基本資料 26
第二節 呼吸肌訓練與呼吸肌加核心肌力訓練對50公尺游泳表現之影響 27
第三節 呼吸肌訓練與呼吸肌加核心肌力訓練對400公尺游泳表現之影響 28
第四節 呼吸肌訓練與呼吸肌加核心肌力訓練對肺功能之影響 29
第伍章 討論 30
第一節 50公尺與400 公尺游泳表現 30
第二節 肺功能表現 32
第陸章 結論與建議 33
第一節 結論 33
第二節 建議 34
參考文獻 35
附錄一、受試者健康狀況調查表 40
附錄二、受試者同意書 41
附錄三、運動表現及肺功能測驗記錄表 43

王慈蕙. (2002). 閾值壓力式吸氣肌訓練儀對依賴呼吸器患者的效果. (碩士), 國立臺灣大學, 台北市.
林正常、林貴福、徐臺閣、吳慧君 (譯) (2003)。運動生理學:體適能與運動表現的理論與應用。臺北市:藝軒。(Powers, S. K., & Howley, E. T., 2001)。
林貴福、朱真儀 (譯) (2014)。核心肌群訓練。台北市 : 禾楓。(National Strength and Conditioning Association, 2014)
林貴福、張正琪、蔡忠昌、呂香珠、洪偉欽、朱貞儀、鄭景峰、李佳倫、郭堉圻、蔡櫻蘭 (譯) (2017)。運動生理學。台北市：禾楓。(W. Larry Kenney, Jack H. Wilmore, & David L. Costill., 2015)
邱文信, 陳羿揚, & 李建勳. (2016). 核心肌群訓練之新思維. 大專體育(139), 40-46. doi:10.6162/srr.2016.139.05
洪櫻花、林玥礽、林素婷 (2013). 游泳重量訓練實務之應用. 國立虎尾科技大學學報, 31(4), 119-129.
徐嘉良, & 陶武訓. (2002). 淺談水中阻力在游泳運動所扮演的角色. 大專體育(58), 149-154. doi:10.6162/srr.2002.58.26
郭堉圻, & 邱琴瑟. (2011). 呼吸肌阻力訓練對游泳攝氧量與肺功能表現之影響. 運動教練科學(24), 69-80. doi:10.6194/scs.2011.24.06
黃奕銘, & 林晉利. (2003). 腹內壓對脊椎穩定的影響應用. 大專體育(65), 176-183. doi:10.6162/srr.2003.65.27
陳香如. (2007). 八週核心肌力訓練對青少年短距離游泳競賽選手運動表現之影響.(碩士), 教練研究所. Retrieved from http://192.83.181.53/cgi-bin/cdrfb3/gsweb.cgi?o=dstdcdr&i=sid=%22etd-0703107-161009%22.
Amann, M. (2012). PULMONARY SYSTEM LIMITATIONS TO ENDURANCE EXERCISE PERFORMANCE IN HUMANS. Experimental physiology, 97(3), 311-318. doi:10.1113/expphysiol.058800.
Bergmark A. (1989). Stability of the lumbar spine. Acta Orthop Scand; 60(sup230):1–54.
Boone, J., & Bourgois, J. (2012). The oxygen uptake response to incremental ramp exercise: methodogical and physiological issues. Sports Med, 42(6), 511-526. doi:10.2165/11599690-000000000-00000.
Clanton TL, Dixon G, Drake J, Gadek JE. (1995). Inspiratory muscle conditioning using a threshold loading device. 87: 62-66.
Durmic, T., Lazovic Popovic, B., Zlatkovic Svenda, M., Djelic, M., Zugic, V., Gavrilovic, T., . . . Leischik, R. (2017). The training type influence on male elite athletes’ ventilatory function. BMJ Open Sport — Exercise Medicine, 3(1), e000240. doi:10.1136/bmjsem-000240
Frédéric Lemaitre, Jérémy B. Coquart, Florence Chavallard, Ingrid Castres, Patrick Mucci, Guillaume Costalat, & Didier Chollet. (2013). Effect of Additional Respiratory Muscle Endurance Training in Young Well-Trained Swimmers. J Sports Sci Med, 12(4), 630-638.
Gabrilo, G., Peric, M., & Stipic, M. (2011). Pulmonary function in pubertal synchronized swimmers: 1-year follow-up results and its relation to competitive achievement. Medical Problems of Performing Artists, 26(1), 39-43.
Griffiths, LA and McConnell, AK. (2007). The influence of inspiratory and expiratory muscle training upon rowing performance. Eur J Appl Physiol 99: 457–466.
Hart N, Sylvester K, Ward S, Cramer D, Moxham J, Polkey MI. (2001). Evaluation of an inspiratory muscle trainer in healthy humans. Respir Med, 95: 526-531.
Jernej, K. (2013). Effects of inspiratory muscle training on inspiratory muscle strength and sprint swimming performance in young male and female swimmers (Vol. 19).
Johnson, B. D., Aaron, E. A., Babcock, M. A., & Dempsey, J. A. (1996). Respiratory muscle fatigue during exercise: implications for performance. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 28, 1129-1137.
Ker, JA and Schultz, CM. (1996). Respiratory muscle fatigue after an ultramarathon measured as inspiratory task failure. Int J Sports Med, 17: 493–496.
Kilding, A. E., Brown, S., & McConnell, A. K. (2010). Inspiratory muscle training improves 100 and 200 m swimming performance. Eur J Appl Physiol, 108(3), 505-511. doi:10.1007/s00421-009-1228-x.
Lomax, M & Castle, S. (2011). Inspiratory muscle fatigue significantly affects breathing frequency, stroke rate, and stroke length during 200-m front-crawl swimming. J Strength Cond Res 25: 2691–2695
Lomax, M, Iggleden, C, Tourell, A, Castle, S, & Honey, J. (2012) Inspiratory muscle fatigue after race-paced swimming is not restricted to the front crawl stroke. J Strength Cond Res 26: 2729– 2733.
Lomax, M and McConnell, A. (2003). Inspiratory muscle fatigue in swimmers after a single 200 m swim. J Sports Sci 21: 659–664.
McConnell, A. K. (2009). Respiratory Muscle Training as an Ergogenic Aid. Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness, 7(2, Supplement), S18-S27. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1728-869X(09)60019-8
McConnell, A. K., & Romer, L. M. (2004). Respiratory muscle training in healthy humans: resolving the controversy. Int J Sports Med, 25(4), 284-293. doi:10.1055/s-2004-815827
Patil, D., Salian, S., & Yardi, S. (2014). The Effect of Core Strengthening on Performance of Young Competitive Swimmers (Vol. 3). International Journal of Science and Research, ISSN : 2319-7064. Impact Factor (2012): 3.358.
Romer, L.M., McConnell, A.K. and Jones, A. (2002). Inspiratory muscle fatigue in trained cyclists: effects of inspiratory muscle training. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 34, 785–792.
Ross, E, Middleton, N, Shave, R, George, K, and McConnell, A. (2008). Changes in respiratory muscle and lung function following marathon running in man. J Sports Sci 26: 1295–1301
Sable, M., Vaidya, S. M., & Sable, S. S. (2012). Comparative study of lung functions in swimmers and runners. Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 56(1), 100-104.
Satoshi, I., Atsushi, I., Keisuke, K., Keisuke, O., & Koji, K. (2016). IMMEDIATE EFFECTS OF DEEP TRUNK MUSCLE TRAINING ON SWIMMING START PERFORMANCE. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 11(7), 1048-1053.
Volianitis S, McConnell AK, Koutedakis Y, McNaughton L, Backx K, Jones DA. (2001). Inspiratory muscle training improves rowing performance. Med Scis Sports Exerc, 33: 803-809.
Wells, G. D., Plyley, M., Thomas, S., Goodman, L., & Duffin, J. (2005). Effects of concurrent inspiratory and expiratory muscle training on respiratory and exercise performance in competitive swimmers. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 94, 527-540.
Weston, M., Hibbs, A. E., Thompson, K. G., & Spears, I. R. (2015). Isolated core training improves sprint performance in national-level junior swimmers. Int J Sports Physiol Perform, 10(2), 204-210. doi:10.1123/ijspp.2013-0488.
Williams JS, Wongsathikun J, Boon SM, Acevedo EO. (2002). Inspiratory muscle training fails to improve endurance capacity in athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 34: 1194-1198
Wirth, K., Hartmann, H., Mickel, C., Szilvas, E., Keiner, M., & Sander, A. (2017). Core Stability in Athletes: A Critical Analysis of Current Guidelines. Sports Med, 47(3), 401-414. doi:10.1007/s40279-016-0597-7.