臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在金融產業中，許多機構使用著繁瑣的方式向消費者提供服務，為的是更安全的金融服務，然而卻導致效率不彰、成本過高的問題。2017年，比特幣價格暴漲，吸引眾人目光，企業對其背後的區塊鏈技術予以關注，認為該技術的特性將有機會改善傳統的金融服務，因此眾多金融機構開始試驗將區塊鏈導入既有業務中，有些金融機構甚至更早開始。
截至現今，臺灣金融界並無顯著商轉案例出現，本研究目的乃以臺灣某金融新創公司為討論主體，為該公司導入區塊鏈，觀察實作結果與歸納該公司的看法，來得到重大商轉尚未出現可能的原因，並提供導入區塊鏈的見解。以太坊(Ethereum)旨在打造一個分散式應用(Decentralized Application)與智慧合約(Smart Contract)的開發平台，本研究將選擇在以太坊區塊鏈上實作。
實驗結果顯示，第一，對企業來說，在以太坊公鏈(Public Blockchain)上的交易手續費非常高。第二，對企業來說，公鏈(Public Blockchain)分散式的系統架構將伴隨許多不確定性。第三，區塊鏈較適合紀錄完全虛擬化的資產，而非實體資產。

In financial sector, many firms provide financial services to customers in a time-consuming way. They try to make the services as safe as possible, but it leads to inefficiencies and high costs. In 2017, bitcoin prices soared, catching everyone’s attention. Financial companies started to learn about the blockchain technology which makes bitcoin possible and expected that their old financial services would benefit from the characteristics of blockchain. Many of them initiate research project and try to integrate blockchain with existing business processes. Some of them even started earlier.
At the time of writing, there are still no significant commercial operation cases in Taiwan financial sector. The goal of this thesis is helping a Taiwan financial startup to introduce blockchain. Through the implementation, we identify the possible obstacles to mass adoption of the blockchain and summarize the discussions with the startup. Also, we will provide some insights into how to introduce blockchain. Ethereum aims to build a platform on which we can develop decentralized applications and smart contracts. Our implementation is based on Ethereum.
There are three research results. First, the transaction fee is too high on Ethereum public blockchain for a company. Second, the decentralized structure of public blockchain accompanies many uncertainties for a company. Finally, blockchain is more suitable for virtual assets rather than physical assets.

謝辭 I
中文摘要 II
Abstract III
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Motivation and Objectives 1
1.2 Thesis Outline 2
Chapter 2 Background 4
2.1 Bitcoin 4
2.2 Blockchain 5
2.3 Ethereum 11
2.4 Smart Contract in Ethereum 14
Chapter 3 Architecture and Rationale 15
3.1 Overall Design 15
3.2 Environment and Tools 18
3.3 System Architecture 19
3.4 Smart Contract Design 21
Chapter 4 Evaluation 31
4.1 Result of Implementation 31
4.2 Transaction Fee 38
4.3 Smart Contract on Ethereum 40
4.4 Operational Risks 42
4.5 Problems Brought by the Fundamental Properties of Ethereum 44
Chapter 5 Conclusion 46
5.1 Contributions 46
5.2 Future Work 48
References 50

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https://www.weforum.org/reports/the-future-of-financial-infrastructure-an-ambitious-look-at-how-blockchain-can-reshape-financial-services/
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https://blog.ethereum.org/2015/08/07/on-public-and-private-blockchains/
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https://www.ibm.com/blogs/blockchain/2017/05/the-difference-between-public-and-private-blockchain/
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[10] Bitcoin Wiki: Block chain browser. https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Block_chain_browser
[11] Vitalik Buterin, Ethereum white paper: A Next Generation Smart Contract & Decentralized Application Platform, 2015
[12] Gavin Wood, Ethereum: A Secure Decentralized Generalized Transaction Ledger, 2015
[13] EthereumJS TestRPC. https://github.com/trufflesuite/ganache-cli
[14] Truffle. https://github.com/trufflesuite/truffle
[15] Geth. https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum
[16] Ropsten. https://github.com/ethereum/ropsten
[17] Web3.js. https://github.com/ethereum/web3.js/
[18] ERC20 Token Standard. https://theethereum.wiki/w/index.php/ERC20_Token_Standard
[19] The Ethereum block explorer for Ropsten. https://ropsten.etherscan.io/
[20] The Ethereum block explorer. https://etherscan.io/
[21] Ethereum GasPrice History. https://etherscan.io/chart/gasprice
[22] Financial Security Oversight Council Annual Report 2015. https://www.treasury.gov/initiatives/fsoc/studies-reports/Pages/2015-Annual-Report.aspx
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[24] CryptoKitties Craze Slows Down Transactions on Ethereum. http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-42237162