臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

國軍新型武器裝備成軍已多年，部份裝備與設施已開始老化，裝備逐漸步入維修高峰期，維修經費與人力日漸增加。此外，近幾年因政策因素執行人力縮編，而人員裁減後仍須維持裝備妥善，人力需求與高額修護成本形成武器設備維護主要問題。在一定的維護作業程序中，如何以採購方式獲得需求料件，與執行後勤維保作業，從文獻回顧後得知，美國國防產業與美軍近年持續推廣成效式契約與效益後勤，所得到的經驗，可以運用在國軍武器裝備設施採購作為上。為釐清國軍武器設備維護採用成效式契約之可行性，本研究經由分析現有裝備維修作業流程與委外契約之現況，進而以國軍現執行財務、勞務通用契約為基礎，透過實施問卷調查，分析增加績效獎金、罰則、檢驗指標及付款方式等成效式契約主體之可行性。經由本研究之分析，國軍武器設備維護採用成效式契約係為可行性，日後對於如何執行，應有更深入的分析與研討，以利確保機制的完整性，進而提升武器設備的品質與壽命。

The advanced missile systems and devices have been deployed in Armed Forces for many years. Some of the weapon systems and devices have stepped into the peak of maintenance requirements that will increase the maintenance cost and labors. In addition, the policies of the Ministry of National Defense trend to down size the organization. However, it will seriously affect the quality and readiness of the weapon systems. Based on literature review, this study found that American defense industries and U.S. military received benefits from employing the Performance Based Contract (PBC) and the Performance Based Logistics (PBL) for many years. So, the PBC and PBL are the options for our military on the weapon logistics and maintenance in the near future. The purpose of this study is to explore the feasibility of applying PBC on weapon systems maintenance. Based on the current general finance and labor service contracts, this study used a questionnaire to obtain experts’ opinions on increasing the performance incentive, penalty, and determining performance and payment criteria, those are the core of a PBC. This study concluded that PBC is suitable for weapon systems maintenance, which encourages the contractors to promote service effectiveness so as to increase the maintenance quality and to extend the shelf life of the weapon systems. How to implement the PBC in weapon systems maintenance could be further studied in the future.

摘要 ................................................................................................................................ IV
Abstract ........................................................................................................................... V
圖目錄 .............................................................................................................................. X
表目錄 ............................................................................................................................ XI
第一章緒論 ....................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 ...................................................................................................... 1
1.2 研究問題 .................................................................................................................. 2
1.3 研究目的 .................................................................................................................. 3
1.4 研究範圍與限制 ...................................................................................................... 3
1.5 研究方法 .................................................................................................................. 4
1.6 研究流程 .................................................................................................................. 4
1.7 論文架構 .................................................................................................................. 6
第二章文獻回顧............................................................................................................... 7
2.1 後勤體制的變革 ...................................................................................................... 7
2.2 成效式契約 .............................................................................................................. 8
2.2.1 成效式契約定義 ....................................................................... 8
2.2.2 成效式指標(Performance Indicator，PI)定義 ............................ 9
2.2.3 推廣步驟 .................................................................................. 9
2.2.4 規範之型式與意義 ................................................................. 10
2.2.5 保固 ....................................................................................... 11
2.2.6 績效 ....................................................................................... 12
2.2.7 一般契約與成效式契約比較 ................................................... 14
2.3 效益後勤定義及範疇 ............................................................................................ 16
2.3.1 後勤定義 ................................................................................ 16
2.3.2 後勤支援定義 ........................................................................ 17
2.3.3 後勤範疇 ................................................................................ 17
2.3.4 效益後勤概念 ........................................................................ 17
2.3.5 效益後勤之定義與凾能 .......................................................... 18
VIII
2.3.6 效益後勤特點 ........................................................................ 21
2.3.7 效益後勤之目標與核心價值 ................................................... 24
2.3.8 效益後勤之範疇 ..................................................................... 25
2.3.9 國軍執行效益後勤的策略與方案 ........................................... 25
2.3.10 美軍推動效益後勤之實例與優點 ......................................... 26
2.3.11 國軍推動效益後勤的歷程 .................................................... 27
2.4 美軍個案研究 ........................................................................................................ 29
2.4.1 美空軍 C-17 運輸機合作評量標準 ........................................ 29
2.4.2 C-17 酬金與績效評量架構 ..................................................... 30
2.4.3 C-17 運輸機效益後勤機效 ..................................................... 31
2.4.4 法規、契約及效益探討 .......................................................... 32
2.5 成效式合約節省成本之原因 ............................................................................... 35
2.6 小結 ........................................................................................................................ 36
第三章現有裝備維修作業流程與委外契約 ................................................................ 37
3.1 裝備採購來源 ........................................................................................................ 37
3.2 現有裝備維修權責 ................................................................................................ 39
3.3 零附件採購作業 .................................................................................................... 39
3.4 執行裝備維修、料件申請及採購作業流程 ....................................................... 40
3.5 委外考量 ................................................................................................................ 45
3.5.1 付款方式 ................................................................................ 45
3.5.2 決標方式 ................................................................................ 45
3.5.3 衛星工廠 ................................................................................ 45
3.5.4 委外項目考量 ........................................................................ 45
3.6 使用單位、維修單位及委商之間契約差異 ....................................................... 47
3.7 委外案例 ................................................................................................................ 49
3.7.1 契約內容 ................................................................................ 56
3.8 使用單位滿意度之界定........................................................................................ 60
3.9 小結 ........................................................................................................................ 60
IX
第四章成效式契約評估之研擬 .................................................................................... 61
4.1 現行採購契約與成效式契約差異 ....................................................................... 61
4.1.1 檢驗方式 ................................................................................ 61
4.1.2 獎勵、罰款條件 ..................................................................... 63
4.1.3 付款條件 ................................................................................ 64
4.2 問卷 ........................................................................................................................ 64
4.2.1 問卷設計 ................................................................................ 64
4.2.2 問卷成果分析 ........................................................................ 66
4.3 財務採購契約範本評估建議 ............................................................................... 83
4.4 小結 ........................................................................................................................ 87
五、結論與建議............................................................................................................. 89
5.1 結論 ........................................................................................................................ 89
5.2 建議 ........................................................................................................................ 89
參考文獻 ......................................................................................................................... 91
附錄一-101 年表面處理勞務委外契約 (單位全銜)訂購軍品契約 .......................... 94
附錄二-陸軍某武器維護廠財務、勞務採購契約 ....................................................104
附錄三-問卷樣稿 .........................................................................................................119

1. 王卓，1995，現代美軍後勤，國防大學出版社。
2. 國防部，2002，中華民國91年國防報告書。
3. 鍾新龍、陳幼蓀、游志仁，2006，美國空軍C-17運輸機效益後勤契約個案研究，空軍學術月刊，第621期，第119-135頁。
4. 楊智斌等，2012，強化公路鋪面品質整合型計畫－道路養護成效合約規範建立，交通部運輸研究所。
5. 世界銀行PBC資源導覽網站(Resource Guide)，2005，http://www.worldbank.org/transport/roads/resource-guide/index.html.
6. 郭昱瑩，2008，績效評估之方法與工具學術研討會-施政績效評估制度之探討，第2頁。
7. World Bank, 2005, Training Courses for Performance-Based Management and Maintenance of Roads.
8. 梁世賓，2008，公共工程合約之探討－以道路養護為例，國立中央大學土木工程研究所，民間參與公共建設期末報告。
9. 尤忠誠，2011，效益後勤進階管理課程，第32-33頁。
10. Diwakar Gupta, 2011, OptImal Contract Mechanism Design for Performance-Based Contracts, University of Minnesota Research Project Final Report pp. 7-8.
11. 何國祥，2005，國軍後勤策略規劃之研究，國防大學管理學院，碩士學位論文。
12. 范淼，1998，後勤管理導論，黎明出版社。
13. Performance Based Logistics: A Program Manager’s Product Support Guide, 2005, U.S. Defense Acquisition University, pp. 2-31.
14. 劉金逢，2006，國軍推展效益後勤關鍵要因之實證研，國防大學管理學院，研究所碩士論文。
15. Purchasing Using Performance Based Criteria, 2004, USD (AT&;L) Memorandum, US DOD, pp. 12。
16. Steven R. Erickson, 2002, “Public-Private Partnership for Depot-Level Maintenance (LG101L2),＂ Logistics ManagementInstitute, pp. 3.
17. Phillips, Edward H., 2005, A Whole New Approach, Aviation Week &; Space Technology, Vol.163 Issue 17, pp.52-55
18. Geary, S. and Vitasek, K., 2005, ″It's A War of Ideas″, Aviation Week &; SpaceTechnology, Vol. 163 Issue 17, pp.57-57
19. Beggs, J., Ertel, B. and Jones, M., 2005, ″Performance Based Logistics Perspective,″ Booz Allen Hamilton Inc.
20. Bryant, E.R.,(2005), The Challenge of Moving from Performance Based Logistics to an Operational Logistics Framwork, 10th International Command and Control Research and Technology Symposium, Retrieved Nov 14 2005, from http:/ dodccrp.org/events/2005/10th/CD/papers/011.pdf
21. 葉麗秀、游志仁，2005，國軍效益後勤的策略與執行方案，國防大學國防管理教育訓練中心。
22. Oliver, D., 2001, Performance Based Logistics Porgram Brief, from hppt://www.dtic,mil/ndia/2001systems/oliver.pdf.
23. Starks, L. G., 2005, Public and Private Partnership in Support of Performace Based Logistics Initiatives－Lessoned Learned from Defense Logistics Agency Partnership, Defence Acquisition Review, pp.305-315
24. 國防部軍備局，2005，國防部全夀期專案管理制度綱要。
25. Deirdre Mahon, 2007, “Performance-Based Logistics: Transforming Sustainment,＂ Journal of Contract Management, pp.64。
26. Requirements Measurement Plan for the C-17 Globalmaster III Sustainment Partnership Contract Number FA8614-04-C-2004
27. Voegtly Robert Lt Col, E-mail Received 2007 USAF, Chief, C-17 Product Support 516th Aeronautical Systems Group.
28. Boeing C-17 GSP Backgrounder＂, 2010, Boeing Aircraft Corporation.
29. 張恆元、蔡明晃，2007，效益後勤(PBL)導入國內之可行性研究，前瞻空軍建軍規劃學術研討會論文集，國防部空軍司令部，第8-21頁。