臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近年來人們越來越重視節能減碳，人們生活所用之交通工具逐漸以電動馬達為動力來源，而人們常時間乘坐在上面，舒適性自然也是ㄧ項重要指標，本論文針對ㄧ影響舒適性的因子做探討-振動。

本論文研究ㄧ應用於電動助力自行車之三相永磁無刷馬達，針對馬達因量產製作時產生的馬達偏心與霍爾元件位置偏移等瑕疵產生之振動問題做改善，前者從馬達設計方面做改善，後者由控制方式來改善。

在探討偏心瑕疵引起之振動中，使用ANSYS軟體以有限元素分析法模擬其振動特性，分析其振動原因，並以改變轉子磁極數模擬其振動改善策略成效;而在探討霍爾訊號偏移引起之振動中，了解其振動形成原因與其振動特性，並給予控制上的補償方式來改善。

有了對振動特性的了解，便能於實際振動量測時分辨其振動來源，並將ㄧ具有不同極數以及霍爾元件位置偏移的馬達與原馬達做比較，驗證其改善成效。

In recent years, these is a growing emphasis on energy saving and carbon reduction, people start using electric motor for its power resources of vehicles and riding on those transport with a long time, the vehicle comfortableness is important, so this research study a important factor for these — Vibration.

This research study on a three phase permanent magnet brushless motor apply to E-Bike, investigate the motor eccentricity and offset on hall sensors position induced vibration which are cause in production, the first one can improve by different motor design, the second one can be improve use control compensation.

To understand the motor eccentricity induced vibration, using the finite element method simulate the phenomenon of vibration,find the cause and simulate the motors which in various pole pairs to analysis the effect of improvement strategy; In the study on hall signal offset, understand the cause and phenomenon of vibration, improve by control compensation.

With the understanding of vibration, we can identify the source of vibration, so we took a motor with various pole pairs and hall signal offset, compare the vibration with original motor, Verification the improvement strategy and compensation effect.

中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 vii
第1章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機與目的 1
1.2 文獻回顧 2
1.2.1 關於馬達振動 2
1.2.2 振動相關標準規範 3
1.3 論文章節概述 5
第2章 硬體介紹 6
2.1 實驗平台 6
2.2 馬達規格 7
2.3 STM32開發板 9
第3章 偏心引起之振動分析改善 11
3.1有限元素分析模擬建立 11
3.1.1 馬達2D模型 11
3.1.2 數學模型 12
3.2 偏心引起之振動模擬 14
3.2.1 無偏心馬達模擬 14
3.2.2 偏心馬達模擬 16
3.2.3 振動特性分析 19
3.3 磁極數與磁力線分佈關係 22
3.4 各磁極數馬達模擬結果 23
第4章 霍爾偏移引起之振動分析改善 29
4.1 霍爾訊號偏移對馬達控制之影響 29
4.1.1 磁場向量控制流程簡介 29
4.1.2 霍爾訊號與電氣角計算 30
4.2 霍爾訊號偏移引起之振動模擬 33
4.3 補償策略與模擬結果 34
第5章 實驗與結果 38
5.1 速度控制實驗 38
5.2 霍爾訊號偏移補償實驗 41
5.2.1 檢測與補償 42
5.2.2 補償前後振動量測 43
5.3 偏心振動實測 45
5.3.1 共振頻率量測 46
5.3.2 定子偏心振動量測 46
5.3.3 轉子偏心振動量測 48
第6章 結論與未來展望 50
6.1 結論 50
6.2 未來展望 51
參考文獻 52
附錄A ANSYS激磁方式模擬 53

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