臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘 要
營建工程師往往面臨如何規劃工地設施，例如工地的出入口、假設工程、各作業的工作區域配置，及材料的堆積等，而使得工地各作業順暢，進而提昇整體工地的生產力。以往的相關研究中，著重於靜態的設施配置規劃，也因此設施配置僅能適用於較為單純的事前規劃，無法依專案時間點的不同做一完整的考量。此外在設施間的關係上多使用主觀的判斷，也容易造成設施配置時的偏頗。再者對於處理不合理解的方法，多採用直接刪除或利用處罰函數，造成解答品質不穩定，及缺乏彈性供決策選擇。
本研究參考過去研究成果，提出改進辦法，將設施配置問題以專案的時程為基礎，依據設施與作業之關係及其產生的變化，建立一以時程為基礎的動態設施配置模式，並利用基因演算法來求解。
研究成果顯示，以專案時程為基礎的設施配置，不僅能較符合作業項目的需求，且利用權衡曲線為目標的求解模式能提供較具彈性的設施配置決策，此外本研究開發出一易於使用的電腦程式，以供工地工程師進行較便利的設施配置，作為本研究最後之具體成果。

Abstract
Construction engineers usually have to properly allocate construction facilities, such as material warehouses, the batch plant, or the job site office, so that the workflows within different working parties are smooth and the high productivity at the job site can be achieved. However, because of the dynamic sequences at the construction site, it is important that the facility layout of the construction site should be coordinated with the project schedule. Previous research related to the dynamic facility layout problem takes subjective weighting approach to determine the closeness between facilities. Such approach usually results in that the layout of the facilities is controlled by the subjective closeness coefficients, which is not practically acceptable. In addition, the solutions generated by the previous research are not flexible for the construction engineers to perform what-if analysis.
This research first analyzed the characteristics of different construction facilities during the construction period in terms of variations in size and location. A new dynamic facility layout model that the closeness between facilities is determined according to the project schedule is then developed. Furthermore, an elite non-dominate genetic algorithm (ENDGA) based on Pareto front is developed to solve the newly established model. Results showed that with the objectively determining the closeness of facilities, the facility layout is more practically acceptable at the construction site. The solutions generated by using ENDGA also provide the more flexible facility layout. A user-friendly program coded with Microsoft Visual Basic 6, is built to provide a practical tool for the construction engineers to easy the facility layout planning process.

摘要……………………………………………………Ⅰ
Abstract………………………………………………Ⅱ
誌謝……………………………………………………Ⅲ
目錄……………………………………………………Ⅳ
圖目錄…………………………………………………Ⅶ
表目錄…………………………………………………Ⅸ
第一章 緒論…………………………………………1
1.1 研究背景與動機…………………………………1
1.2 研究目的…………………………………………2
1.3 研究範圍…………………………………………3
1.4 研究方法與流程…………………………………4
1.5 論文架構…………………………………………6

第二章 研究問題陳述與文獻回顧…………………7
2.1 研究問題陳述……………………………………7
2.2 相關文獻探討……………………………………8
2.2.1 模式種類……………………………………8
2.2.2 解題方法……………………………………9
2.2.3 小結 ………………………………………12

第三章 動態營建設施配置模式建立 ……………14
3.1 設施之研究 ……………………………………14
3.1.1 設施的定義 …………………………………14
3.1.2 設施的分類 …………………………………14
3.1.3 設施的屬性 …………………………………15
3.1.4 設施間的關係 ………………………………19
3.1.5 設施間的關係權重 …………………………20
3.2 排程與設施配置 ………………………………23
3.2.1 時間的表示方法 ……………………………23
3.2.2 空間的表示方法 ……………………………24
3.3.3 規劃模式的建構 ……………………………25
3.3.1 假設條件 ……………………………………25
3.3.2 模式的輸入與輸出 …………………………25

第四章 動態營建設施配置求解模式建立 ………27
4.1 基因演算法簡介 ………………………………27
4.2 染色體設計 ……………………………………29
4.3 適存值的建構 …………………………………31
4.3.1 專案目標值 …………………………………31
4.3.2 雙目標適存值 ………………………………23
4.4 演化機制 ………………………………………36
4.4.1 選擇與複製 …………………………………36
4.4.2 交配 …………………………………………36
4.4.3 突變 …………………………………………37
4.5 模式演算流程 …………………………………38

第五章 案例之驗證與比較 ………………………41
5.1 研究理論之驗證 ………………………………41
5.1.1 基本驗證 ……………………………………41
5.1.2 群組驗證 ……………………………………43
5.1.3 權重驗證 ……………………………………45
5.2 文獻比較 ………………………………………48
5.3 案例應用 ………………………………………53
5.4 敏感度分析 ……………………………………63
5.4.1 敏感度分析（演化世代） …………………64
5.4.2 敏感度分析（初始族群數） ………………65
5.4.3 敏感度分析（交配機率） …………………66
5.4.4 敏感度分析（突變機率） …………………67

第六章 結論與未來研究方向 ……………………69
6.1 結論 ……………………………………………69
6.2 未來研究方向 …………………………………70

參考文獻 ……………………………………………72
附錄A、程式介紹……………………………………75
附錄B、自我介紹……………………………………82

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