臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究使用兩種不同粒徑的二氧化矽與聚乙二醇(PEG)經由兩種不同的溶液配置方法，配製出含有不同濃度二氧化矽的膠體溶液，並由錐板流變儀量測其剪切增稠現象，實驗結果顯示含有兩種不同粒徑的奈米顆粒的PEG溶液在高濃度下都表現出明顯的剪切增稠現象，含有40 wt%, 15 nm二氧化矽顆粒的流體在剪切速率為5~28.9 s-1的範圍內，黏度瞬間提昇了29倍。含有72.93 wt%, 450 nm二氧化矽顆粒的流體在剪切速率為61.1~217 s-1的範圍內，流體的黏度瞬間提昇了七至九倍。
此一剪切增稠流體可進一步將流體的特性應用在防護材料方面。將Kevlar纖維浸漬於稀釋後的剪切增稠流體以複合材料加工的方式製備成複合材料後，再進行彈道測試、我們以四層7 cm×7 cm的Kevlar纖維浸漬於不同體積的剪切增稠流體中。測試結果顯示，添加剪切增稠流體後的複材，相較於未添加任何流體的複材，在彈道測試中子彈擊中複材後所消耗的能量明顯提升，因此，添加剪切增稠流體可以明顯的增強抗彈纖維的防護效果。

In this study, shear thickening fluid was prepared by two methods. Polyethylene glycol was used as the fluid and silicon dioxide nanoparticles of two different sizes were used as the colloid. From the results, we observed that the mixtures of high loading level of silica nanoparticles with polyethylene glycol demonstrated significant shear thickening behavior. For the PEG fluid containing 40 wt% 15 nm silicon dioxide nanoparticles, the viscosity of fluid instantly increased 29 to 30 times when shear rate increased from 5/s to 28.9/s. Also, for the PEG fluid containing 72.93 wt%, 450 nm silicon dioxide nanoparticles, the viscosity of fluid instantly increased 7 to 9 times when shear rate increased from 61.1/s to 217/s.
One of the applications of STF is protection. Impregnating Kevlar fabrics with shear thickening fluid into Kevlar fabric may significantly reduce the layers of Kevlar fabric needed for ballistic impact resistance and improve the flexibility of the composite. In this study, ballistic testing samples were prepared from neat Kevlar fabrics and STF-impregnated ones using Kevlar fabrics with various amount of shear thickening fluid. The result shows that samples reinforced with STF showed a significant improvement in bullet energy absorption.

摘要 I
Abstract II
誌謝 IV
目錄 V
表目錄 VIII
圖目錄 IX
第一章 緒論 1
第二章 相關理論與文獻回顧 3
2.1 剪切增稠流體介紹 3
2.2剪切增稠現象理論 5
2.2.1影響剪切增稠流體的因素 6
2.2.1.1粒子濃度之影響 7
2.2.1.2粒子大小之影響 7
2.2.1.3粒子形狀之影響 8
2.2.1.4表面電性之影響 10
2.2.1.5懸浮介質分子量之影響 10
2.3剪切增稠特性之應用 11
2.3.1剪切增稠流體複材應用 11
2.3.2抗穿刺手套 12
2.3.3 D3O 12
2.4 膠體懸浮液之分散 14
2.5流變學 16
2.5.1流體類型 17
2.5.1.1牛頓流體(Newtonian fluid) 17
2.5.1.2非牛頓流體(Non-Newtonian fluid) 17
2.5.2流變儀 19
2.5.3穩態剪切行為 20
2.5.4動態流變行為 21
2.6防彈纖維簡介 22
2.6.1防彈纖維材料概述 22
2.6.2高強度纖維防彈原理 24
2.7複材測試文獻回顧 26
2.7.1彈道測試 26
2.7.2落重式測試 31
2.7.2.1落重式測試原理 31
2.7.2.2落重式測試標準 32
2.7.3撓曲性測試 35
2.8聚乙二醇之簡介 36
第三章 實驗方法 38
3.1實驗藥品 38
3.2實驗儀器 41
3.3實驗流程圖 43
3.4實驗步驟 44
3.4.1剪切增稠流體之製備 44
3.4.1.1離心法 44
3.4.1.2共溶劑法 45
3.4.2剪切增稠流體複材之製備 46
3.5測量方法 47
3.5.1熱重分析儀 47
3.5.2流變測試 48
3.5.3空氣槍(Air Gun)彈道測試 49
3.5.3.1彈道測試 49
3.5.3.2末速與壓痕深度的關係式之量測 50
3.5.4穿透深度之量測 51
3.5.5撓曲性測試 52
第四章 結果與討論 53
4.1熱重分析 53
4.2流變性質 55
4.2.1 不同濃度的剪切增稠流體之流變性質 55
4.3彈道測試 59
4.3.1末速與壓痕深度的關係式 59
4.3.2彈道測試 60
4.3.3固定Kevlar層數浸漬於不同體積剪切增稠流體之探討 67
4.3.4靶材重量與抗衝擊性能 69
4.4撓曲實驗 70
第五章 結論 74
未來工作 75
參考文獻 76

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