臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

死亡對每個人來說，是一個無法避免與自己所愛的人分離的事件。過去心理學的研究也指出，人們在面臨死亡心理上會有許多階段，在經歷了抗拒的階段之後，人們會開始回顧過去的生活並且和家人分享回憶，並開始與家人道別。此研究收集使用者在面對死亡時，準備紀念性物品的需求與看法，並分析物品與人之間的關聯與留下各種物品背後的動機。從離去者的觀點出發，獲得使用者與親人之間建立新連結的方式。

這項研究共可分為三個階段，第一個階段為深度訪談，希望了解使用者留下物品的動機以及對這項紀念性物品的期待，並在訪談中提供現有的相關服務，獲得使用者對於死亡有關之紀念性服務的看法。第二階段則是藉由日誌研究的方式，蒐集使用者真實生活中的物品以及使用者與親人之間的關係。最後一個階段，從資料分析的結果中此研究提供設計的策略與應用，藉此提供設計師未來設計相關紀念性服務時的參考。

此研究根據使用者所提出的看法，提出當人們面臨死亡時，使用者所期望與家人之間關係的變化與各個不同程度與目的的自我典藏方式以及在準備這項紀念性物品時，這項紀念性物品對使用者本身的意義，從使用者所提出的困難點與機會點，在未來相關設計的服務上，幫助產出更貼近使用者需求的紀念性服務。

In this study, the memorial objects which people prepared for their loved ones when they face death was discussed. Through interviews and cultural probes, their opinions and their purposes in regard to these relics was investigated. Meaningful items in their lives were also collected to clarify the relationship between the users and the meaningful objects. During the process of their preparation, some problems and difficulties people encountered were also discussed.

According to the results, the transformations of the relationship and different levels of self-preservations were proposed. The research also provided a few design suggestions and examples for designers when designing memorial products or services.

From the perspective of those who left, people’s needs when they face death were gained; it provided some new directions and opportunities for designers when design memorial services in the future.

Chapter 1 Introduction 6
1.1 Background 6
1.2 Motivation 7
1.3 Objective 8
1.4 Scope 8
Chapter 2 Literature Review 10
2.1 Autobiographical memory 10
2.1.1 Episodic memory 10
2.1.2 Objects related to memory 10
2.2 Personal archive 11
2.2.1 Archive in home 11
2.2.2 Privacy after death 11
2.2.3 Thanatosensitivity 12
2.3 The mental process of Death 12
2.3.1 Preparations of dying 12
2.4 The meaning of objects 13
2.4.1 Enhance the influences of the object 13
2.4.2 Representatives of self 13
2.4.3 Interaction between objects and people 14
2.5 Time related design 14
Chapter 3 Methodology 16
3.1 Research structure 16
3.2 In-depth interviews 17
3.3 Cultural probe 22
Chapter 4 Results 33
4.1 The affinity diagram of in-depth interview 33
4.2 The mean-ends chains of case sharing 42
4.3 The relationship between objects and the loved ones 44
Chapter 5 Discussion 51
5.1 The transformation of the relationship 51
5.1.1 Extending the relationship 51
5.1.2 Making an ending 52
5.2 Different levels of self preservation 53
5.2.1 Level one: Self images (Personal) 54
5.2.2 Level two: Common Memory (Social) 54
5.2.3 Level three: Feeling and love (Emotional) 55
5.3 The relationship between age and the self preservation 56
5.4 The meaning of the preparing process 57
5.5 Current problem and difficulty 57
5.5.1 Lack of triggers for making the relic 58
5.5.2 Difficulty when organizing their memories 58
Chapter 6 Design suggestions 59
6.1 Design suggestions for preparation 59
6.1.1 Integrate the preparations into their lives 59
6.1.2 Easily create a desired atmosphere 59
6.2 Design suggestions for presentation 59
6.2.1 Providing different modes of information presentation 59
6.2.2 Convenient for storage 59
6.2.3 Combining with souvenirs 60
6.3 Examples 60
6.3.1 SweetDream 60
6.3.2 AutoBiography 61
6.3.3 Memory Box 61
Chapter 7 Conclusions 63
7.1 Conclusions of this research 63
7.2 Contribution 64
7.3 Research Limitation 64
Reference 65
Appendix A 67
Appendix B 73
Appendix C 78

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