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研究生:呂正富
研究生(外文):Cheng-Fu Lu
論文名稱:雙頭牙凸緣螺絲鍛品之預形設計
論文名稱(外文):Preform Design of Double End Flange Stud
指導教授:張朝誠
指導教授(外文):Chao-Cheng Chang
口試委員:黃永茂徐中華張朝誠
口試委員(外文):Yeong-Maw HwangCheung-Hwa HsuChao-Cheng Chang
口試日期:2015-07-27
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立高雄應用科技大學
系所名稱:模具系碩士在職專班
學門:工程學門
學類:機械工程學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2015
畢業學年度:103
語文別:中文
論文頁數:56
中文關鍵詞:雙頭牙螺絲擠製預形設計
外文關鍵詞:Double end flange studExtrusionPreform design
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  • 下載下載:25
  • 收藏至我的研究室書目清單書目收藏:1
雙頭牙凸緣螺絲有不同尺寸之兩端螺牙,其鍛品為直徑變化之多階級桿。一般而言,雙頭牙螺絲鍛品常用水平鍛造成形機經二個道次模具成形,再加上車削加工才能完成。如何避免車削加工以降低成本,是螺絲業者感興趣的研發主題。
本研究提出一個三道次預形設計方案,以不經車削加工而製造一個雙頭牙凸緣螺絲鍛品為目標。鍛品兩端直徑係針對M8與M10螺絲之輾造成形而設計。第一道次製造鍛品之較小徑端,採用逆向密閉擠製以克服鍛品過長無法翻轉與斷面縮減率太大問題,此道次是本鍛品預形設計之關鍵;第二道次採正向擠製成形鍛品較大徑端;第三道次為鍛粗,完成鍛品中間凸緣部分與所有尺寸之精整。本研究針對材質為鉻鉬合金鋼(JIS SCM 435)之鍛品,進行簡單壓縮試驗以獲得應力應變曲線,經有限元素模擬所提之製程,並設計與製作模具,最後進行實驗驗證與分析結果。
研究結果顯示,模擬預測之負荷接近實驗值,且預測之金屬流線與鍛品之流線相似,所提之預形設計方案可以成功地製造雙頭牙凸緣螺絲鍛品。研究成果不僅可供扣件業者在螺絲鍛品預形設計之依據,亦可作為其它金屬成形產業之參考。

Double end flange studs have two threads with different dimensions. The billets for producing the studs required a multi-stepped rod with different diameters. In general, the billet for the double end flange stud can be produced by two processes, a two-stage forging process using a multi-stage horizontal forging press, and a machining process. To avoid the machining process and reduce the costs, it is widely interested to develop new methods for manufacturing the billet for threading studs.
This study proposed a three-stage preform design for producing the billet for a double end flange stud. The billet had two step rods for threading M8 and M10 screws. The first stage was to form the end with the smaller diameter. The stage used a backward extrusion process in a close die to avoid the problem with a large reduction rate of section and the difficulty in rotating a long billet during the transferring in a press. The stage was the key to the preform design for producing the billet. The second stage used a forward extrusion to fabricate the end with the larger diameter. The third stage employed an upsetting process to increase the diameter of the middle part of the workpiece and form the flange of the billet. The study considered the Cr-Mo steel (JIS SCM 435) for stud and used the simple upsetting to obtain the stress and strain curve for the simulations of the forming process using a finite element package, DEFORM. The proposed preforms were further used in the die design and die manufacturing. Finally, the experiments of extrusion and upsetting were conducted and the results were analyzed.
The results showed that the predicted loads were close to the experimental ones and the predicted the patterns of the metal flow were also in good agreement with those in the produced products. The proposed preform design can be used to successfully manufacturing the billet for threading the double end flange stud. The results not only could be the base of the preform design for producing screw billets in fastener industries but also could be the references for other metal forming industries.

摘 要 i
ABSTRACT ii
一、緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 文獻回顧 2
1.3 研究動機與目的 4
1.4 論文總覽 5
二、基本理論 6
2.1 擠製加工 6
2.2 前向擠製成形 8
2.3 後向擠製成形 9
2.4 鍛粗成形 10
2.5 開放式和密閉式擠製 12
三、預形設計 13
3.1 雙頭牙凸緣螺絲 13
3.2 預形設計 13
3.3 模具材料 18
四、數值模擬 19
4.1 DEFORM軟體簡介 19
4.2 簡單壓縮試驗 23
4.3 雙頭螺牙預形設計方案 26
4.4收斂性分析 29
4.5預成形模擬參數設定 31
五、結果與討論 32
5.1 實驗方法 32
5.2 外觀比較 34
5.3 成品尺寸量測 35
5.4 應力應變 36
5.5 負荷比較 38
5.6 流線分析 40
六、結論與未來展望 42
6.1 結論 42
6.2 未來展望 43
參考文獻 44
附錄 45
簡歷 56

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