臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究進行兩個實驗，實驗一進行31個中文情緒類別，進行情緒相似性評定取得距離矩陣，項目包含9個華人的基本情緒類別，21個複雜的中文情緒類別，以及高層概念「情緒」項目，31個情緒的距離矩陣資料透過Sattah與Tversky於1977年發展出來的加性樹狀結構進行分析與多向度空間計量分析(MDS)，兩種結構進行最近鄰分析得到兩結構估計的中心性與相互性指標，與觀察值的中心性與相互性指標相比，加性樹狀結構(additive tree)的預測值明顯較多向度空間結構具有預測力。
實驗二基本上重複實驗一的步驟，將「情緒」項目去除，且評定方式改為指導感受接近程度，取的30個中文情緒類別間的距離矩陣，結果顯示加性樹狀結構預測的中心性與相互性預測力明顯較實驗一不佳，顯示進行類似的結構分析時，應注意分析項目必須包含高層概念較為妥當。
兩實驗的加性樹狀結構一致顯示七個群聚，分別是「喜愛」、「驕傲」、「厭惡」、「悲哀」、「擔憂」、「懼怕」、「思念」七類群聚，此結果與東方及西方理論將一起比較與探討其中的相同與相異部分。

Experiment 1 first obtained a 31 × 31 similarity matrix of 31 Chinese emotion categories, including 9 Chinese basic emotion categories, 21 complex emotion categories, and their super-ordinate concept “emotion”. The structures of these emotion categories were then explored in terms of the Sattah and Tversky additive tree method [Sattah, S., & Tversky, A. (1977). Additive Similarity Trees. Psychometrika, 42, 319-345] and a multidimensional scaling method. Results of a nearest-neighbor analysis show that the centrality and reciprocity predicted from the structure based on the additive-tree analysis fitted their observed counterparts much better than did those based on the multi-dimensional scaling. Experiment 2 repeated Experiment 1 except for that the superordinate name “emotion” was excluded from analysis. Results show that the goodness of fit of the theoretical centrality and reciprocity estimated from the additive-tree structure declines significantly. This result suggests that a structure analysis of emotion categories, and other items under investigation, should include its superordinate concept for a better depict of the structure. The results of the present study also show that Chinese emotion categories can be grouped into seven clusters; they are under the rubric “love”, “pride”, “disgust”, “sad”, “apprehension” , “yearning “and “fear”.

摘要 i
目 次 iii
圖目次 v
表目次 vii

緒論 1
情緒的生理觀點 3
情緒的認知觀點 5
情緒的發展與社會文化觀點 6
基本情緒與非基本情緒 7
其他的情緒類別 11
情緒類別之間的結構分析方法探討 12
本論文目的 24
實驗一 25
實驗方法 25
結果與討論 29
實驗二 37
實驗方法 37
結果與討論 38
綜合討論 44
參考文獻 53
附錄A-加性樹狀結構推算估計距離矩陣範例 57
附錄B-實驗一45人距離矩陣觀察值 59
附錄C-實驗二30人距離矩陣觀察值 60
附錄D-實驗一45人加性樹狀結構摘要檔 61
附錄E-實驗二30人加性樹狀結構摘要檔 62

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