臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究為探討天然型的S-abscisic acid (S-ABA)對番木瓜(Carica papaya L.)‘台農2號’種子發芽及實生苗生長之影響。
在種子發芽方面，種子浸漬於不同濃度S-ABA 24小時後置於濾紙上或播於介質發現，0.01及0.1 ppm的S-ABA會促進發芽率、發芽速率及芽體生長勢。濾紙培養及介質播種之發芽率分別為88 %及91 %，明顯較未處理S-ABA者之70及76 %為高。0.01及0.1 ppm S-ABA處理之種子亦呈現較高的發芽速率指數(GVI)及芽體生長勢指數(VI)。至於高濃度的1ppm S-ABA處理並未影響種子發芽，10 ppmS-ABA的處理不僅減低發芽，而且造成異常的發芽。
在幼苗生長期，以葉片噴施及介質施用兩種方式分別以0.01、0.1及1ppm的S-ABA處理後發現，兩種施用方式之0.01及0.1ppm處理均促使葉數、根數及枝葉鮮重增加，介質施用者之根鮮重亦會增加。另由植株之組織解剖發現，葉片柵狀細胞數及莖、根皮層細胞層數會因S-ABA之處理而增加，且排列較緊密。
S-ABA處理對幼苗營養影響之試驗結果可知，葉面噴施與介質施用均促使植物氮及鉀含量明顯增加，磷與全糖含量未降低而呈增加之趨勢。另由乾物量蓄積之分析發現，兩種施用方式均明顯地促使氮、磷、鉀與全糖之乾物重，介質施用S-ABA後6週時的增加量較葉面施用者多。
綜合以上試驗結果，可瞭解天然型的S-ABA對熱帶果樹番木瓜是屬於生長促進物質，其濃度0.1 ppm 對幼苗生長及營養蓄積具有較大的影響。葉面噴施會先促進葉的生長再間接地促進莖及根生長，而介質施用則直接促進根的生長。

Studies on effects of natural type S-ABA on seed germination and seedling growth of papaya (Carica papaya L. cv. Tainung No. 2) were evaluated for clarify function of S-ABA.
Seed germination was investigated by soaking seeds into distilled water and various concentrations of S-ABA. Percentage of seed germination in filter paper and growth medium experiments were increased by S-ABA treatments. These treatments significantly increased germination percentages (88 and 91 %, respectively) compared to control (70 and 76 %, respectively). Enhancement of germination velocity index (GVI) and seedling vigor index (VI) were obtained from treatment of S-ABA 0.01 and 0.1 ppm. While, high concentration of S-ABA (10 ppm) reduced seed germination, and resulted in abnormal germinants. However, S-ABA 1 ppm had no effect on seed germination.
Young seedling stage, seedlings were treated by 2 methods of S-ABA application, foliar spray and medium supply. Results showed that S-ABA treatments increased seedling growth, especially number of leaves and roots, and fresh weight of shoot in both two application methods. Fresh weight of roots was increased by S-ABA only in foliar spray method while medium supply of S-ABA resulted in roots were small and fine.
The investigation of anatomical characteristics in leaf, stem and root was supported this study. Number of palisade cell in leaf of treated seedlings was significantly increased compared to control ones. In addition, length of these cells in treated seedlings was increased but width of cell was reduced, led to leaves were dark green compared to untreated seedlings. S-ABA treatments could improve number of cell in stem and root and also increase vascular system in stem and root. Moreover, increasing in layer number of pith in stem was found from S-ABA treatments as well. Further, arrangement of cell in all three parts was more compact compared to untreated seedlings.
Effects of S-ABA on nutrient and total sugar content were evaluated. S-ABA could significantly improve N and K content in all parts of seedlings, P and total soluble sugar content was increased trendily in some part of seedling. For dry weight of nutrients in whole plant, S-ABA could improve N, P, K and total soluble sugar in both two treatments of foliar spray and medium supply. Further, in 6 weeks after treatment, medium supply of S-ABA became to be more positive effect than foliar spray plants.
It was found in this study that S-ABA belongs to growth promoter in tropical fruit tree, papaya. The concentration in 0.1 ppm was more effect on seedling growth and nutrient accumulation. The foliar spray of S-ABA had positive effect on leaf growth, thereafter indirectly improved stem and root growth. Moreover, the introducing of medium supply method directly enhanced root growth.

Summary………………………………………………………………i
Chinese Summary……………………………………………………iii
Contents……………………………………………………………iv
List of Tables………………………………………………………vi
List of Figures……………………………………………………ix
Introduction…………………………………………………………1
Chapter I. Literature review……………………………3
Chapter II. Effects of S-ABA on seed germination of papaya (Carica papaya L.)………………………12
Summary………………………………………......12
Introduction………………………………………………13
Materials and methods……………………………………14 Results………………………………………………………16
Discussion…………………………………………………27
Chapter III. Effects of S-ABA on growth of papaya (Carica papaya L.) seedlings………………………………30
Summary……………………………………………………30 Introduction………………………………………………31
Materials and methods………………………………32
Results………………………………………………………34
Discussion……………………………………………………58
Chapter IV. Effects of S-ABA on N. P, K and total soluble sugar accumulation in papaya (Carica papaya L.) seedlings………60 Summary……………………………………………………60
Introduction……………………………………………61
Materials and methods……….….….……….……………62
Results……………………….………………………………65
Discussion…………………….………………………………93
Chapter V. General discussion……………………………94
Conclusion……………………………………………………………99
References……………………………………………………………100

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