臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本文以GMA（Glycidyl methacrylate）與IDA（Iminodiacetic acid）合成出一具有螯合官能基之單體（Modify GMA），簡稱M-G，使之與苯乙烯（styrene）進行無乳化劑乳化共聚合。探討單體配比、起始劑的濃度、溫度、pH值及加入共溶劑對乳化聚合反應行為的影響。其後藉由導電度計、紅外線光譜、差式熱掃描及元素分析來推導其成核機構。
由改變單體配比及起始劑的濃度，由實驗結果獲得本文之無乳化劑乳化共聚合反應動力式可寫成：
R=k[kps]0.22[M-G]-2[styrene]1
而由Arrehenius-type求得的視總活化能為15.2kcal/mol，在自由基反應系統的範疇內。
因為Modify GMA其螯合官能基具有二質子酸的特性，可藉由改變pH值來改變Modify GMA尾端基的結構，並可獲得不同的pH值下對聚合反應及乳液顆粒型態的影響。由實驗結果得知，在pH值等於5的條件下，聚合初始速率會有一最大值；而粒徑大小隨著pH值的變大而變大，到pH值等於8達到一最大值。
藉由上述所得的實驗結果並輔以EA、FTIR、DSC可獲得本系統之成核機構應為：水溶性的起始劑（KPS）在水中熱起始後，攻擊同是水溶性的單體Modify GMA。待Modify GMA聚合成一鏈段長後，苯乙烯才開始聚合，而由poly (Modify GMA)包覆成長中的顆粒，藉以穩定顆粒。

Modify GMA, a new monomer with chelating functional group, which was synthesized by Glycidyl methacrylate（GMA） and Iminodiacetic acid（IDA）. M-GMA and styrene copolymer was prepared by soapless emulsion polymerization. The variables studied were the monomer concentration, initiator concentration, temperature, pH value and cosolvent. The reaction kinetics, which expressed as follow, were determined by measuring the pH value, conductivity, zeta potential, particle size and conversion.
R=k[kps]0.22[M-G]-2[styrene]1
The nucleation mechanism was characterized by FTIR, DSC and EA(element analysis). The nucleation mechanism suggested that polymerization took place in aqueous phase at first. After Poly(M-G) chain growth to a certain length, the radical transferred to styrene. Then the styrene in the aqueous phase continuously diffused into the particle. In the end, the particle was stabilized by Poly(M-G).

第一章 緒論
第二章 文獻回顧
2-1乳化系統比較
2-2影響無乳化劑乳化系統之變因
2-2-1起始劑的影響
2-2-2單體極性的影響
2-2-3共單體的影響
2-2-4反應性共單體（乳化劑）的影響
2-2-5離子強度的影響
2-2-6溫度的影響
2-2-7 pH值的影響
2-2-8反應程序的影響
2-3粒子成核機構
第三章 實驗部分
3-1 試藥
3-2 儀器
3-3實驗裝置
3-4實驗方法及步驟
3-4-1乳液粒徑之測定
3-4-2導電度及pH值的測定
3-4-3 Zeta potential之測定
第四章 結果與討論
4-1 單體鑑定
4-2 乳化聚合反應行為探討
4-2-1 M-GMA與苯乙烯的濃度比
4-2-2起始劑濃度
4-2-3溫度
4-2-4整體溶液的pH值
4-2-5加入異丙醇當作共溶劑
4-3 乳化顆粒形態的探討
4-4 乳化聚合之成核機構
第五章 結論

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