臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

Enhancing parent-child interaction has become the focus in early intervention for children with developmental delay because the association between quality of parent-child interaction and development has been found. There are many measures designed to capture the quality of parent-child interaction based on varying theories and forms of responses or observation. However, there is limited evidence to compare the constructs existing in between these measures when applying in children with developmental delay. We conducted a systematic review for synthesizing relevant measures. The Nursing Child Assessment Teaching Scale (NCATS), the Maternal Behavior Rating Scale (MBRS), and the Children Behavior Rating Scale (CBRS) were found to be three frequently used measures in Taiwan with sound psychometric property. The reliability was examined and was acceptable for the three measures. The convergent and discriminant validity between the NCATS and MBRS/CBRS were tested with Pearson correlation among the measurement dimensions/subscales using the videotapes for scoring the NCATS in previous study. The findings show moderate but significant correlations (r= .462-.504, p&;lt;0.05) between one of the MBRS scales (Responsive/Child Oriented), and 3 of the NCATS caregiver subscales (Sensitivity to Cues, Response to Distress and Caregiver Contingency), while no significant correlations between NCATS child subscales and the CBRS. The significant correlations between measure dimensions/subscales indicate the convergent validity (i.e. similar construct) between measurable concepts, while no correlations between measure dimensions/subscales indicate discriminant validity (i.e. different constructs) between measurable concepts. In this study, convergent validity was found between MBRS scales and the NCATS caregiver subscales on the scales related to mother’s responses to children, and discriminant validity were found between all NCATS subscales and the subscales of Achievement orientation and Directive of MBRS. The lacking of correlations between NCATS child subscales and the CBRS further support the fact that the two measures capture different aspects of parent-child interaction on children’s responses. Hence using multiple measures to comprehensively explore interactional behavior for parents and children based on the purposes of measuring parent-child interaction were suggested.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
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英文摘要 iii
目錄 v
圖目錄 viii
表目錄 ix
Abstract 1
1. Introduction 8
1.1 Study purposes 9
1.1.1 Primary purposes 9
1.1.2 Secondary purposes 9
1.2 Terminology 9
1.2.1 Parent-child interaction 9
1.2.2 Observational measure 10
1.2.3 Internal consistency 10
1.2.4 Convergent and discriminant validity 10
2. Literature review 11
2.1 Methods 11
2.1.1 Search strategies for article identification 11
2.1.2 Selection criteria for eligible articles 11
2.1.3 Data screening, eligibility, detail appraisal and systematic review 12
2.2 Result 14
2.2.1 The purpose of measuring parent-child interaction 14
2.2.2 The validity of measures 25
2.2.2.1 Content validity 25
2.2.2.2 Construct validity 38
2.2.2.2.1 Convergent and discriminant validity 38
2.2.3 The reliability of measures 40
2.2.4 The feasibility of measures 47
3. Methods 50
3.1 Participants 50
3.2 Measures 52
3.2.1 The Nursing Child Assessment Teaching Scale (NCATS) 52
3.2.2 The Maternal Behavior Rating Scale (MBRS) and the Child Behavior Rating Scale (CBRS) 52
3.3 Procedure 56
3.4 Videotapes coding 56
3.5 Data analysis 56
3.5.1 Inter-rater reliability 56
3.5.2 Internal consistency 57
3.5.3 Convergent and discriminant validity 57
4. Result 58
4.1 Inter-rater reliability 58
4.2 Internal consistency 58
4.3 Convergent and discriminant validity 62
5. Discussion 64
5.1 Convergent and discriminant validity between the NCATS-caregiver and the MBRS 64
5.1.1 Convergent and discriminant validity between the subscales of the NCATS-caregiver and the MBRS 64
5.1.2 Convergent and discriminant validity between the total score of the NCATS-caregiver and the MBRS 65
5.2 Convergent and discriminant validity between the NCATS-child and the CBRS 65
5.2.1 Convergent and discriminant validity of the subscales of NCATS-caregiver and CBRS 65
5.2.2 Convergent and discriminant validity between the total scores of the NCATS-caregiver and CBRS 66
5.3 Clinical implication66
References 68
Appendix 1. Search terms used in the systematic review 73
Appendix 2. Detail appraisal of quality for the articles 74

LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. The purpose of studies 15
Table 2. The type and dimensions of measures 27
Table 3. Construct validity 39
Table 4. Reliabilities of the measures 42
Table 5. Infant and family demographic characteristic (n=28) 51
Table 6. Definition of the NCATS 54
Table 7. Definition of the MBRS and CBRS 54
Table 8. Inter-rater reliability of the NCATS: ICC and Pearson’s r (n=18) 59
Table 9. Inter-rater reliability of the NCATS: kappa (n=18) 59
Table 10. Inter-rater reliability of the MBRS and CBRS: ICC and Pearson’s r (n=5) 60
Table 11. Inter-rater reliability of the MBRS and CBRS: kappa (n=5) 60
Table 12. Internal consistency of the MBRS, CBRS (n=5) and NCATS (n=19) 61
Table 13. Correlations between MBRS/CBRS and the NCATS (n =28) 63

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. The processes of systematic review 13

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