臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

光學同調斷層掃描術( Optical Coherence Tomography，OCT )為一種能提供非侵入式、非接觸式的物體內部二維截面影像的光學技術，全域式(FF)OCT與時域及頻率域OCT最大的不同在於不需掃描光束即能得到一張與樣品表面平行方向的二維影像。通常使用一低同調光源，例如鎢絲燈或超亮發光二極體作為整個照影區的照明，再搭配感光耦合元件作為影像接收以平行式的方式獲得照影區全部的干涉訊號。傳統FFOCT都需要相位調制與同步裝置，例如設計多步相移法，使隱藏於背景訊號下的干涉訊號做解調還原出某深度斷層影像。此論文提出將白光LED光源結合光學干涉儀，並且使用CMOS感光元件的偵測相機擷取光照射在物體背向散色光，最後藉由參考端移動方式，搭配不同影像演算法來優化重組還原影像並且即時顯示，以低成本的方式達到提升系統效能之關鍵技術。

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an imaging technique that permits non-invasive and non-contact cross-sectional imaging of an object. Full-field (FF) OCT differs from time-domain and frequency-domain OCT by producing tomographic images in the en-face orientation without scanning a light beam. The entire field of the image is illuminated with a low coherence source, such as a tungsten-halogen lamp or super luminescent diode (SLD). An image sensor, such as a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera, is used for parallel acquiring of the interferometric signals. Most of existing FFOCT systems need phase modulation and synchronization apparatus to extract the tomographic image hidden in background and interference fringes, and the traditional methods are based on multiple-step phase-shifting. For the cost reduction purpose and time efficiency consideration, we have demonstrated a FFOCT system based on Linnik interferometer which is the combination of a white light emitting diode(LED) and a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) camera. An efficient algorithms for computing FFOCT en-face images are also compared.

目 錄

誌謝……………………………………………………………………………… i
中文摘要………………………………………………………………………… ii
英文摘要………………………………………………………………………… iii
目錄……………………………………………………………………………… iv
圖目錄…………………………………………………………………………… vi
表目錄……………………………………………………………………………viii
第一章 緒論.…………………………………………………………………… 1
1-1文獻統整.………………………………………………………… 1
1-2研究動機與目的.………………………………………………… 4
第二章 系統理論.……………………………………………………………… 5
2-1光學同調斷層掃描術.…………………………………………… 5
2-1.1全域式光學同調斷層掃描術.……………………………… 6
2-1.2低同調干涉術.……………………………………………… 7
2-1.3干涉可見度.………………………………………………… 11
2-1.4軸向解析度.………………………………………………… 12
2-1.5橫向解析度.………………………………………………… 14
2-1.6視場範圍.…………………………………………………… 16
2-1.7靈敏度.……………………………………………………… 17
2-1.8相機雜訊特性.……………………………………………… 17
2-2全域式OCT之重建影像演算法.………………………………… 18
2-2.1微分演算法.………………………………………………… 18
2-2.2傅立葉轉換演算法.………………………………………… 20
2-2.3二維希爾伯特轉換演算法.………………………………… 21
第三章 系統架構與參數.……………………………………………………… 22
3-1Linnik base全域式光學同調斷層掃描術架構..………………… 22
3-1.1干涉可見度.………………………………………………… 24
3-1.2軸向解析度.………………………………………………… 26
3-1.3橫向解析度.………………………………………………… 27
3-1.4視場範圍.…………………………………………………… 29
3-1.5靈敏度.……………………………………………………… 30
3-1.6相機雜訊特性.……………………………………………… 31
第四章 影像重建結果與討論.………………………………………………… 33
4-1實驗樣品.………………………………………………………… 33
4-2演算法之比較.…………………………………………………… 34
4-2.1 USAF 1951測試片影像……………………………………… 34
4-2.2 LCD液晶影像.……………………………………………… 35
4-2.3洋蔥表皮影像.……………………………………………… 37
4-4傅立葉轉換演算法.……………………………………………… 40
4-5散射斑點.………………………………………………………… 42
第五章 結論與未來展望.……………………………………………………… 44
參考文獻.……………………………………………………………………… 46

圖目錄

圖2.1 麥克森干涉儀架構示意圖.……………………………………………… 5
圖2.2 FFOCT架構示意………………………………………………………… 6
圖2.3 薄透鏡之數值孔徑示意圖.……………………………………………… 14
圖2.4 數值孔徑比較圖.………………………………………………………… 15
圖2.5 視野範圍實際放大倍率.………………………………………………… 16
圖2.5 傅立葉轉換演算法流程圖.……………………………………………… 20
圖3.1 Linnik base in FFOCT架構圖.…………………………………………… 22
圖3.2 理想干涉可見度量測.…………………………………………………… 24
圖3.3 實際干涉可見度量測.…………………………………………………… 25
圖3.4 軸向解析度.……………………………………………………………… 26
圖3.5 橫向解析度.……………………………………………………………… 28
圖3.6 物鏡視場範圍.…………………………………………………………… 29
圖3.7 最佳靈敏度.……………………………………………………………… 30
圖3.8 CMOS相機黑暗雜訊…………………………………………………… 31
圖3.9 光子散粒雜訊之量測.…………………………………………………… 32
圖4.1 實驗樣品.………………………………………………………………… 33
圖4.2 USAF 1951解析度測試片演算法比較………………………………… 35
圖4.3 光學顯微鏡之LCD液晶影像…..………………………………………… 36
圖4.4 LCD液晶擷取與還原影像……………………………………………… 35
圖4.5 光學顯微鏡之洋蔥表皮影像.…………………………………………… 36
圖4.6 洋蔥表皮擷取與還原影像.……………………………………………… 37
圖4.7 傅立葉轉換演算法之LCD影像………………………………………… 38
圖4.7 洋蔥細胞核還原en face影像…………………………………………… 39
圖4.8 洋蔥細胞核還原B-Scan影像…………………………………………… 39
圖4.9傅立葉轉換演算法之LCD影像.………………………………………… 40
圖4.10 傅立葉轉換演算法之USAF 1951測試片影像………………………… 41
圖4.11 散射斑點影像品質比較………………………………………………… 43
圖5.1 使用水鏡與超音波抗反射膠.…………………………………………… 45

表目錄

表1.1 FFOCT之光源列表.………………………………………………………… 2
表1.2 FFOCT之架構列表.………………………………………………………… 3
表1.3 FFOCT之偵測器列表.……………………………………………………… 3
表3.1 1951 USAF解析度對照表………………………………………………… 26

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