臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

中文摘要
近年來，家庭暴力已廣受專家學者與政府單位的重視，成為一重要之公眾健康議題，政府更藉由家庭暴力加害人的處遇計畫，冀望能終止家庭暴力。然而不論在被害人之保護或是家暴加害人之處遇計畫之成效，皆有賴於對加害人特徵之了解。國內雖有許多關於家庭暴力加害人特徵之研究，但大多是透過被害人的陳述以獲得加害人之特徵，難免受到被害人主觀因素所影響，本研究採直接面對加害人收集其資訊，直接由加害人身上來了解其流行病學特徵。
本研究以立意集體抽樣收集過去四年來，北、中、南各一個法院之家庭暴力相對人（加害人）鑑定書內容，共有620份作為研究分析之樣本。研究發現絕大多數案件為親密關係暴力案件，高達444件（71.6%），其次為兒童虐待有70件（11.3%），大部分的相對人為男性計有592位（95.5%）；年齡層集中在壯年居多（31~50歲），占71.3%，教育程度以國、高中居多（69.7%），大專程度以上的比例明顯低於一般人口（12.4% vs. 30.5%），值得注意的是有六成（60.1%）的相對人有酒精濫用的問題，明顯高於國內社區酒精濫用人口的比例（2.7%~7.7%），而大約三分之ㄧ的相對人曾有犯案前科。在排除136位資料不完整者，以logistic regression分析高再犯危險之家暴相對人之危險因子，可得男性（OR=4.29）、有子女者（OR=4.69）、身體暴力方式者（OR=2.93）、國中及高中教育程度（OR=2.88及4.57）、酒精濫用（OR=2.03；屬邊緣統計意義）均為高再犯危險之家暴相對人之特徵，值得注意的是大專以上之教育程度是高再犯危險的一個保護因子。在親密關係暴力與兒童虐待相對人流行病學特徵之比較上，兒虐相對人有較高的女性比例，年紀較輕，較多破裂的婚姻，且較高比例的性暴力事件。而兩組在職業種類、酒精濫用、有無犯罪前科、是否造成聲請人身體明顯傷害、對此次家暴事件承認與否等變項上，並無統計上之顯著差異。
結論：透過直接對家庭暴力相對人基本特徵與危險因素的瞭解，以提供加害人處遇計畫治療時之參考，達到防治家庭暴力之目標，並建議應及早著手規劃為數眾多的目睹兒童之評估與輔導，以及改善嚴重低估家暴中性侵害案件的問題。
關鍵詞：家庭暴力、相對人(加害人)、特徵、危險因子。

Abstract
Domestic violence (DV) has been considered as a major public health issue and the government leads a DV assailant treatment strategy in order to cease the violence. For achieving the goal of assailant treatment strategy or for protecting the victims, it is necessary to understand the characteristics of assailants. Although there were many studies to reveal the characteristics of assailants, most of the studies collected the assailant information from the victims. We conduct this study to recognize assailant characteristics from assailant themselves.
We collect 620 pre-sentence evaluations of DV assailants conducting in 2001 to 2004 from three different courts in Taiwan by purposeful cluster sampling. Most of DV are intimate partner violence (IPV)(71.6%) following by child abuse (11.3%). Male accounts for 95.5% of all assailants, and the education of all assailants are mostly junior or senior high school. But high education level (above college) is obviously less than general population (12.4% vs. 30.5%). The prevalence of alcohol abuse (60.1%) is prominent higher than that in general population (2.7% ~ 7.7%). After excluding 136 samples of incomplete information, there were 484 samples into logistic regression analysis for risk factors of high recidivism. Male (OR=4.29), having children (OR=4.69), physical violence (OR=2.93), junior and senior high school education level (OR=2.88 and 4.57 respectively), and alcohol abuse (borderline statistic significance) (OR=2.03) are risk factors for high recidivism of DV, however college-graduated education level or above is a protective factor. In comparing the characteristics of IPV and child abuse assailants, there were more female proportion, younger, more discord marital status, and more sex violence in child abuse group.
Conclusion: Through direct recognize the characteristics and risk factors of DV assailants, it provides important reference materials for DV assailant treatment plan to achieve the goal of preventing domestic violence. It is worthy to formulate the evaluation and counseling for the children of witness of DV and worthy to keep an eye on the low ratio of sexual abuse of DV.
Keywords: Domestic violence (DV), assailant, characteristic, risk factor.

目 錄
致謝 1
研究團隊 2
中文摘要 3
Abstract 5
第一章 緒論 8
第一節 研究動機 8
第二節 研究目的與問題 15
第三節 名詞界定 16
第二章 文獻探討 20
第一節 家庭暴力的含義 20
第二節 家暴暴力發生之原因 22
第三節 家庭暴力加害人特質的相關研究 25
第三章 研究方法 38
第一節 研究的取向與方法 38
第二節 研究對象 39
第三節 研究工具與研究變項 40
第四節 資料整理與分析 42
第四章 研究結果 44
第一節 所有家庭暴力相對人之流行病學特徵 44
第二節 家暴相對人精神疾病與人格評估 52
第三節 再犯危險性之相關危險因子的評估 55
第四節 比較親密關係（婚姻）暴力相對人與兒童虐待者間特質之異同 60
第五章 討論 66
第六章 結論與建議 75
第一節 結論 75
第二節 研究限制 76
第三節 對家庭暴力相對人裁定前鑑定與處遇計畫之建議 77
第七章 參考文獻 78
第八章 附錄 92
附錄一、文獻回顧一覽表 92
附錄二、家庭暴力相對人鑑定報告書 100
附錄三、衛生署研究計畫審核通過及人體試驗委員會審核通 110

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