臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究探討摻用爐石粉之水泥砂漿於養護初期受火害之強度變化，實驗變因包括水膠比(0.4、0.5)、養護齡期(3、7、14、28、56)、火害溫度(300℃、450℃、600℃、850℃、變溫)、再養護時間(火害當日、澆注第35天、火害後再養護21天)。除以熱重分析測試材料性質(30℃~900℃)外，火害前後之試體並進行非破壞性檢測(超音波試驗)及抗壓強度試驗，並由兩試驗結果討論火害對爐石水泥砂漿之強度影響。
結果顯示，爐石水泥砂漿之未受火害原始強度隨養護齡期越長，結構愈緻密，強度越強。熱重分析結果顯示無論多久養護齡期(少於28天之早齡期或超過28天之非早齡期)之試體均有相同的嚴重燒失溫度範圍，因此不同養護齡期對材料本身內部結構應僅有水化產物之產量變化影響，並未改變受熱後之分解產物種類。受火害後超音波波速皆比火害前低，且W/B=0.4火害前後之強度皆較W/B=0.5強；火害後無論養護齡期天數，隨火害溫度越高而強度衰減越明顯，因受高溫火害後內部鍵結裂解，造成結晶水釋出導致孔隙變大、緻密性降低。但W/B=0.4於早齡期受火害450℃及600℃後強度較受300℃火害時高，乃因早期受熱提升水化速率而使強度獲得提升。此外，於W/B=0.5時受火害溫度450℃隔日之強度並未隨火害溫度越高而衰減，反而增加，應為因漿體內部自由水及結晶水脫離，導致水泥熟料(C3S、C2S)與水分子結合成核，核受熱釋出結晶水導致破裂而釋出之部份結晶水與其它未反應之熟料(C3S、C2S)進行水化反應導致強度上升。此外，火害後再經空氣養護之試體超音波速及殘餘抗壓強度回復情形不佳，甚至有明顯下降之趨勢，因短時間內從空氣中得到之水分還是不足以供應再次水化作用，造成強度無法繼續發展。

This study investigated the effect of high temperature on early cured mortar with Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS). The mortar (W/B=0.4、0.5) was cured in air for 3、7、14、28、56 days, and then exposed to high temperatures ( 300℃、450℃、600℃、850℃、Standard Temperature Curve (STC)). The TGA test were conducted to understand the material properties of the cement mortars with different W/B ratios and curing ages. After exposed to the high temperature, residual compressive strength test (RCS) and ultrasonic pulse velocity test (UPV) were carried out on the next day, 35th day after casting, and recuring 21day.
The results revealed that the UPV decreased for all specimens after exposed to high temperature, and the reduction was more significant for specimens with higher temperature. Internal structural damage caused by the high temperature lowered their densities. In addition, the RCS of mortars with W/B=0.4 significantly rose after the motars exposed to 450℃ and 600℃. The rise was attributed to the evaporation of free water and crystallization water, and then transportation of moisture in mortars. The high temperatures accelerated hydration at the early stage of mortars. Furthermore, an increase in compressive strength at 450℃ was found for the specimens of W/B=0.5. The increase may be caused by enhanced hydration reaction between unhydrated cement and crystal water due to heating. Additionally, insignificant recovery of the UPV and RCS after post-fire-curing existed. Moisture supply with air-curing to continue and expedite the rehydration reactions was not effective.

摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 VIII
1.1 研究動機與目的 1
1.2 研究方法與步驟 2
二、文獻回顧 3
2.1 水泥之組成及水化 3
2.1.1 水泥之組成成分 3
2.1.2 卜特蘭水泥之水化反應(Hydration) 5
2.1.3 養護方法影響 11
2.1.4 養護時間與溫度之影響 12
2.2 波索嵐摻料-爐石粉 15
2.2.1 爐石粉 16
2.2.2 爐石粉之水化性質 18
2.2.3 爐石粉對新拌及硬固水泥砂漿性質之影響 19
2.3 水泥砂漿受熱後之性質變化 21
2.3.1 受熱後之物理及化學反應 21
2.3.2 外觀變化 23
2.3.3 強度變化 27
2.4 高性能混凝土受火害之性質變化 29
2.5 混凝土及水泥砂漿於養護期間受火害之強度影響 32
三、實驗方法 36
3.1 實驗規劃 36
3.1.1 材料性質分析及未受火害試驗： 38
3.1.2 暴露火害實驗 39
3.2 實驗材料 41
3.3 實驗設備 43
四、結果與討論 46
4.1 未受火害實驗之結果與討論分析 46
4.2 材料性質實驗之結果與討論分析 48
4.3 受火害實驗之結果及討論分析 51
4.3.1 外觀變化 51
4.3.2 超音波試驗結果與討論 52
4.3.3 抗壓強度試驗結果與討論 60
4.3.4 爐石對水泥砂漿受火害後之影響 68
五、結論與建議 71
六、參考文獻 74
附錄一 熱流實驗 79
附錄二 各項實驗數據 80

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