|
ABSTRACT The focal point of this paper is to explore the development of Humanistic Buddhism, which set off various arguments, speculations, and new ideas. Especially the teachings of Master Yin Shun, his discipline has stirred quite an upheaval among these controversies. For those who study Master Yin Shun's way of thinkings, they either accepted or condemned it, each party insists on their interpretations. Therefore, the author attempts to study the origin, concept, and significance of the "Road of Enlightenment path (Bodhi)" from the perspective of the history and philology of modern Taiwanese Humanistic Buddhism for the last 30 years. Concerning "Entering a mundane world and searching for the enlightened path (Bodhi)," the first chapter will delve into the spread of modern Taiwanese Humanistic Buddhism. The author used the findings from historical research to support her thesis. As it turns out, the author disclosed that the teachings of Master Yi Shun inherited the Humanistic Buddhist principles from a Chinese monk, the Venerated Master Taixu in 1939. The author would then used her learning divided into three stages of debates to support the core subject of these arguments. In the first stage of the debate, the main focus is the history of the dispute regarding humanistic Buddhism in modern Taiwan. The arguments of this study basis on the dubiety raised by Buddhist historian Jiang Canteng, and the responses provided by Master Yinshun. In the first stage of the debate, the main focus is the history of the dispute regarding Humanistic Buddhism in modern Taiwan. The second segment is the three elements of dissertations from the "Master Yin Shun" epoch to the "post-Master Yin Shun" period. By referencing the two prominent representatives Yang Huinan and Zhao Hu, from the academic circle and the religious world respectively, starting up a series of debates on this subject. At the same time, the debates branched into three subjects according to the natural difference in their contents. Moreover, the author would use these three subjects to elaborate on the controversies involves during the "Master Yin Shun" era and the "post-Master Yin Shun" period. First, the course of the contest between Master Yin Shun and modern Zen; Second, Yang Huinan proposed a theory of equality of mind, causing related debates matters; Third, several noticeable followers of Master Yi-shun from the "post-Master Yin Shun era", making rebuttal in order to protect their master's reputation; their arguments include: abolished the "Aṭṭha Garudhamma", the priority order of "Enlightenment (Nirvana)" and the "prajna", the righteousness and evil way of life of Humanistic Buddhism. The most bizarre event was the Li Yuansong incident, the founder of Modern Zen Buddhism. He once had heated debates on the "Standing Standards for Accession into the mundane world" with the academic circle, the religious world and Master Yi Shun. Because of his contention, Li Yuanson attracted many followers. However, the founder of Modern Zen Buddhism openly admitted his mistakes publicly before his deathbed. This open confession of Li Yuanson had put an end to nearly 30 years of debates. With the literary war between the academic circles and the religious world, the Humanistic Buddhism began to gain momentum in the Buddhist world like a choppy wave, and it had entered the transition period coincide with the development of Buddhism in the world. Each major Buddhism religious group had adopted Master Yi Shun's "pure land (Amidism)" discipline as a standard, established a new sect of localized Taiwanese Buddhism thinking. This paper also follows the wave and continues to revolve around the new factions established by the sectarian groups in the "post-Master Yin Shun" (2001-present), such as: "Modern pure land (layman), Dharma Drum sect (Monk), Tzu Chi sect (Monk) and else. The thinking of "pure land (Amidism)" had gone through all sorts of debates, which triggered the transformations and created awareness in modern Buddhism. Master Yin Shun took into account the overall situation and once said that he "will not be a descendant of any sect." However, in the era of the "post-Master Yin Shun," the sectarian groups which championed Humanistic Buddhism however present with different diversion. On the contrary, the disciples who follow Master Yi Shun tend to develop into an ideology of gender equality. Amid the teachings left by the Buddha(Śākyamuni), the" eight-respect method," caused the most controversial between gender. After Zhaohui tore the "Aṭṭha Garudhamma" in public, the idea of Buddhist monasticism thinking began to take form. The "combination of lifestyle and diet," "altar transmutation," and "review of gender equality," and the transformation of "multifaceted of social care." As such, the concept of Buddhist monasticism and Zen Buddhism had put into a social movement. Therefore, the social movements transformed by the new sect of Humanistic Buddhism, that is, the related topics of "new Monasticism" and the "new Zen Buddhism method," are the final choice for research topics. After took into account of multifaceted aspects of research, the author found that many disputes in ideas of Buddhism erupted and remained unresolved in modern Taiwanese Humanistic Buddhism. Among the followers of Master Yin Shun, some are active in the academic circles and religious world, who eagerly construct the way of humanity's accession to the world; but what is next after the "enlightenment path (Bodhi)"? There are plenty of people who attain the "Nirvana" after the end of the Master Yin Shun era. It is still very intriguing to know what kind of puzzles would they create for the "pure land (Amidism)" of Humanistic Buddhism. Keywords:Engaging in the Mundane World to Attest Bodhi, Buddhism for the Human Realm , Yin Shun ,Post Yin Shun era.
|