臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

土地是最重要的資源之一，主宰大自然的生態，助以形成並提供所有生物的基本需求。大地為生物在這個地球上創造、形成並塑造一個美麗未受干擾的自然棲息地。人口增加比技術改進速度還快，因此為固定不變的陸地帶來壓力，在有限可耕種的土地上，人類活動可能產生負面或正面的實體衝擊。Hograno行政區不例外的也在它有限的土地上經歷了這樣的壓力。人類行為必須被教導與控制以達成並明瞭發展生態系統亦即保護生態環境及和諧，以使之成為維持人類生存之道。地理資訊系統 (GIS) 因具有高效率的分析能力，現今已被廣泛的應於世界各地。基於達到公平分配經濟活動力同時促進永續發展的觀點，GIS被應用在此項研究。GIS有能力引導並指引決策者、計劃者、實施者及一般大眾作決策以朝向永續環境發展與利用，同時取得社會、環境及經濟價值的平衡點。不同地區有它特殊用途，相對的，特殊用途也有它最適宜地點。

Land is one of the most important resources which host most of the natural ecosystem that forms or provides the basis of all attributes required for by living creatures. The Mother Nature was created, shaped and molded with beautiful undisturbed natural habitats of living creatures enjoying the ecology and ecosystem of this planet earth. Increased population with improved technology upon relatively constant landmass put pressure on limited arable land and consequently resulted to corresponding human activities that could either be negative or positive tangible impacts. Hograno District is no exception and has been experiencing such pressure on its limited landmass. These human activities must be guided, directed and controlled to achieve and realize development that is environmentally friendly and harmonious to the ecosystem that in-turn support human existence. GIS has been widely used in the world today because of its ability to analyze data efficiently and effectively. Therefore with the notion to achieve equitable distribution of economical activities and at the same time harness and promote sustainable development, GIS was used in this study. GIS has the ability to guide and direct decision makers, planners, implementers and general users towards achieving sustainable development that is proportionate balance between social, environmental and economical values. For every site there is an ideal use and for every specific use there is ideal site.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Abstract ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS viii
List of Figures xi
List of Tables xiii
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
2.0 BACKGROUND OVERVIEW OF HOGRANO DISTRICT 6
2.1 Country Location and Brief Overview Description 6
2.2 Project Site Location and Brief Description 12
2.3 Population 14
2.4 Religion and Rural Setting 20
2.5 Shifting Cultivation 22
2.6 Land Tenure 23
2.7 Cash Crop and Market Outlets 25
2.8 Transportation 27
2.9 Climate 28
3.0 LAND RESOURCES OF HOGRANO 35
3.1 Land and Landforms 35
3.2 Land Systems and Land Facets of Hograno District 36
3.3 Agricultural Opportunity Areas (AOA) 42
4.0 POTENTIAL AND INTERESTED AGRICULTURAL INTERVENTIONS 46
4.1 Oil Palm 46
4.2 Vegetables 47
4.3 Rice 48
4.4 Small Livestock 50
5.0 THE APPLICATION AND IMPORTANCE OF GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS) 52
5.1 Brief History and Definition 52
5.2 Importance of GIS 55
5.3 Uses and Application of GIS 57
6.0 MATERIALS AND METHODS 63
6.1 Study Site 63
6.2 Conducted place of study 63
6.3 Materials and Equipments 63
6.4 Provision of Soil Data 64
6.5 Land Suitability assessment and rating 65
6.6 Digitizing and Data Capturing 67
6.7 Methods and Approaches in Data input 68
6.8 Data Classification 69
7.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 72
7.10 Conservation and Preservation Zone 72
7.11 Rivers 84
7.20 Potential Areas Identified for Agricultural Development 90
7.21 Soil Depth 94
7.22 Soil Drainage Texture 99
7.23 Soil Type 101
7.30 Possible Agricultural Interventions 103
7.31 Crop Intervention 104
7.32 Small Livestock Intervention 113
7.40 Related Physical Results. 118
7.41 Population 118
7.42 Education and Health 125
7.43 Road and Road Network Infrastructure 128
7.50 Development Concept 131
7.51 The Development Approach 135
7.60 Related Developments 141
7.61 Tourism 141
7.62 Logging Activities 141
7.63 Mining 142
8.0 CONCLUSION 145
8.10 Nature Conservation 145
8.20 Agricultural and Related Development 148
8.30 Population 150
8.40 GIS 151
8.50 Study Limitation 153
8.60 Future Prospect and Study 153
10.0 REFERENCES 155
Appendix 1 163
Appendix 2 163
Appendix 3 163
Appendix 4 172
Appendix 5 173
Appendix 6 176
Appendix 7 176
Appendix 8 177
Appendix 9 177
Appendix 10 178
Appendix 11 178
List of Figures
Fig. 1. Map of Solomon Island showing location of study site 10
Fig. 2. Satellite image of Solomon Islands 11
Fig. 3. Location map of study site (Hograno District) in Isabel province 13
Fig. 4. Distribution and location of Hograno villages in each ward boundary 19
Fig. 5. Distribution and location of land systems in Isabel province 40
Fig. 6. Distribution and location of 19 land systems of Hograno District 41
Fig. 7. Agricultural opportunity areas of Isabel province 43
Fig. 8. Area identified for nature conservation and preservation zone in Hograno District at altitude 200m above sea level. 74
Fig. 9. The 200m mark and 3D image showing the landscape and terrain model of Hograno District. 76
Fig. 10. Gradient slope variations in Hograno District 77
Fig. 11. Average slope class by land system of Hograno District 79
Fig. 12. Average slope class by land systems of Hograno District overlaying the conservation and preservation Zone. 80
Fig. 13. Location of mangroves and village distribution within Hograno District 82
Fig. 14. Distribution of Watercourses in Hograno District 86
Fig. 15. Buffer of protected rivers and streams of Hograno District 87
Fig. 16. Overall potential areas identified for nature conservation and preservation in Hograno District 89
Fig. 17. Agricultural Opportunity Areas overlaid with contour lines 91
Fig. 18. Areas identified potential for agricultural and related development overlaid with Conservation areas and existing villages 92
Fig. 19. The elevation and 3D image of areas identified potential for agricultural development below 200m altitude. 93
Fig. 20. Soil depth of Hograno District 96
Fig. 21. Soil depth of Hograno overlaid with 200m conservation 97
Fig. 22. Soil depth overlaid with overall total conservation and preservation zone 98
Fig. 23. Soil Drainage Texture of Hograno District 100
Fig. 24. Soil Types of Hograno District 102
Fig. 25. Areas identified suitable for Rice, Vegetables and Oil Palm overlaid with Conservation sites, Shallow and Excessive soils of Hograno District 106
Fig. 26. Watercourses to be investigated for possible gravitational irrigation system in Hograno District 110
Fig. 27. Suitable areas identified for pig overlaid with swamps, mangroves, 200m elevation and sandy soil 115
Fig. 28. Suitable areas for possible piggery establishment overlaid with Land systems, conservation zones, wetland and excessively drained soil 117
Fig. 29. Total population of Hograno District by Ward Boundary 120
Fig. 30. Total population composition by gender and by ward in Hograno District 122
Fig. 31. Total population ratio by gender and by age group of 0 -19yrs old in Hograno District 123
Fig. 32. Distribution of Schools and Health centers in Hograno District 127
Fig. 33. Roads of Hograno District, overlaid with existing villages 130
Fig. 34. Strategic location of Breeding Units and Development Unit Center in Hograno District 137
Fig. 35. Locations of nickel deposit in Isabel province 144
List of Tables
Table 1 Total population by age group, province, district and sex 15
Table 2 Total population by age group at interval of nine (9) years by province, district and sex 16
Table 3 Relationship between Communal and Individual Concepts 21
Table 4 Monthly maximum temperature (celcius) in Solomon Islands 30
Table 5 Monthly minimum temperature (celcius) in Solomon Islands 31
Table 6 Monthly average rainfall (mm) in Solomon Islands 32
Table 7 Relative humidity (%) 8am in Solomon Islands 33
Table 8 Relative humdity (%) 2pm in Solomon Islands 34
Table 9 Land limitations 45

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