臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

以無電鍍法在陽極氧化鋁膜板內製備奈米鎳磷合金陣列。傳統的模板無電鍍法是在陽極氧化鋁膜板的孔柱內敏化活化成活化點。我們在基板上敏化活化，然後將基板和陽極氧化鋁膜板的一面固定在一起，再無電電鍍。因為金屬鎳有自我催化的特性，沉積在基板上的鎳金屬將會形成新的活化點，因此奈米陣列可以陽極氧化鋁膜板孔柱中成長。此方法可以避免傳統模板無電鍍法中，鎳磷金屬因反應太快而堵塞孔柱。
我們嘗試用不同的基材，例如:玻璃、聚苯乙烯薄膜、聚苯乙烯乳膠顆粒和核殼型聚苯乙烯-聚苯胺乳膠顆粒。結果發現只有聚苯乙烯乳膠顆粒和核殼型聚苯乙烯-聚苯胺乳膠顆粒做為基材，才能製備奈米鎳磷合金陣列。以聚苯乙烯乳膠顆粒為基材製備的奈米陣列為長度均一的奈米柱；而以核殼粒子所製備的則是結構鬆散的奈米管。會形成此差異是因為其成長機制不同。另外，以不同基材製備的奈米陣列的性質也不太一樣。此外，兩種方法製備的奈米鎳磷合金陣列均保有磁性。製備好的奈米鎳磷合金陣列以SEM、EDS、XRD和SQUID等儀器分析性質。

Nanoarrays of nickel-phosphorous is developed by electroless plating into anodic aluminum oxide(AAO) template. Unlike traditional template electroless plating, which needs to sensitize and activate inside of the pores in anodic aluminum oxide template, we sensitized and activated the substrate then stock one side of anodic aluminum oxide template on the substrate and started electroless plating. Nckel is self-activated, so that there is no need to sensitize and activate inside the pores in anodic aluminum oxide template. Deposited nickel will be the new catalytic layer, so nanoarrays can be developed. And, this method can avoid that nickel may deposited too fast and stuck the pores of anodic aluminum oxide template.
We used different substrates to develop nanoarrays, such as glass, polystyrene film, polystyrene nanoparticles and polyaniline-coated-polystyrene nanoparticles. Only polystyrene nanoparticles and polyaniline-coated-polystyrene nanoparticles could develop nanoarrays. Nanoarrays made by polystyrenes were nanorods with the same length. But, nanoarrays made by core-shell particles were nanotubes with bad structure. The difference between these two methods was because their growth mechanisms were different. And, properties of nanoarrys from these two different substrates were not the same. Besides, nanoarrays made of two methods both maintain their magnetism. Nanoarrays were analyzed by SEM, EDS, XRD and SQUID.

中文摘要-------------------------------------------------------------i
Abstract------------------------------------------------------------ii
目錄---------------------------------------------------------------iii
圖目錄--------------------------------------------------------------vi
第一章 前言---------------------------------------------------------1
第二章 文獻回顧與原理-----------------------------------------------2
2-1. 奈米陣列----------------------------------------------------2
2-1-1. 簡介---------------------------------------------------2
2-1-2. 奈米纖微的製做-----------------------------------------2
2-1-3. 模板法奈米纖微的製做-----------------------------------4
2-2. 無電鍍鎳----------------------------------------------------6
2-2-1. 無電鍍法簡介-------------------------------------------6
2-2-2. 無電鍍法前處理-----------------------------------------6
2-2-3. 無電鍍鎳鍍液成分---------------------------------------8
2-2-4. 無電鍍鎳反應機制--------------------------------------10
2-2-5. 鍍層的結構與性質--------------------------------------12
2-3. 自由基聚合反應---------------------------------------------14
2-3-1. 自由基聚合反應機制------------------------------------14
2-3-2. 乳化聚合反應------------------------------------------15
2-3-3. 無乳化劑乳化聚合------------------------------------------------------------17
2-4. 導電高分子聚苯胺-------------------------------------------18
2-4-1. 簡介--------------------------------------------------18
2-4-2. 聚苯胺的構造-----------------------------------------18
2-4-3. 聚苯胺的合成方法--------------------------------------20
第三章 實驗方法與步驟-----------------------------------------------21
3-1. 實驗藥品---------------------------------------------------21
3-2. 實驗儀器---------------------------------------------------23
3-3. 實驗方法--------------------------------------------------25
3-3-1. 無乳化劑乳化聚合陽離子型聚苯乙烯乳膠------------------25
3-3-2. 合成核殼型聚苯乙烯-聚苯胺乳膠-------------------------27
3-3-3. 敏化活化步驟------------------------------------------29
3-3-4. 無電電鍍步驟----------------------------------------34
第四章 結果與討論---------------------------------------------------40
4-1. 陽離子型聚苯乙烯乳膠與核殼型聚苯乙烯-聚苯胺乳膠------------40
4-1-1. 陽離子型聚苯乙烯乳膠----------------------------------40
4-1-2. 核殼型聚苯乙烯-聚苯胺乳膠顆粒-------------------------42
4-2.使用不同基材以無電鍍法製備奈米鎳磷合金陣列------------------44
4-2-1. 以無電鍍法製備奈米鎳磷合金陣列------------------------44
4-2-2. 以玻璃基板為基材製備奈米鎳磷合金陣列------------------45
4-2-3. 以聚苯乙烯薄膜為基材製備奈米鎳磷合金陣列--------------47
4-2-4. 以聚苯乙烯乳膠顆粒為基材製備奈米鎳磷合金陣列----------49
4-2-5. 以核殼粒子為基材製備奈米鎳磷合金陣列------------------52
4-3. 性質研究---------------------------------------------------54
4-3-1. 形態學------------------------------------------------54
4-3-2. 成長機制----------------------------------------------58
4-3-3. 以XRD做結構分析---------------------------------------65
4-3-4. 成分分析---------------------------------------------67
4-3-5. 磁性分析----------------------------------------------70
第五章 結論-------------------------------------------------------75
參考文獻----------------------------------------------------------76

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