臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在這資訊充斥時代中，隨著功率半導體元件、控制IC及計算機等技術的進步，低耗能電力電子技術及其應用領域亦迅速擴張，促使電源電壓位準的不斷降低，使得移動式多媒體和電腦可以長時間的使用。
本論文中, 我們提出一個雙向調變機制為直流對直流降壓式電路的新架構, 使用陣列反向器(inverter-array)來取代 (A/D) 轉換器並且系統反饋錯誤信號對輸出電壓提供一個適當的調變。根據這個調變的機制, 所提出的控制器會使輸出電壓有效率地收斂且穩定。其中數位式控制器裡包含了一個雙向調變的機制基於錯誤處理單位(EPU), 一個PID 補償器和數位式PWM 。而且，PID補償器利用查表方法來取代複雜性高、大晶片面積的乘法器。提出的控制器根據模擬的結果將可確認是有效地。

With the proliferation of information technologies, the technology progress of power transistors, controller IC’s and computers, the low-power consumption electronic technology and it’s the applications also rapidly expands, which also pushes reduced supply voltage circuit design techniques to be employed and makes the portable multimedia and computers feasible.
In this thesis, we investigate a novel dual-regulating mechanism for dc-dc buck conversion, which employs an inverter array based analog-to-digital (A/D) converter and the system feedback error signal to perform a fine regulation of the output voltage is presented. Based on this regulating mechanism, the proposed controller makes the output voltage converge efficiently. The proposed digital controller comprises a dual-regulating mechanism based error process unit (EPU), a PID compensator and a digital PWM. Moreover, a table look-up approach for the PID compensator alleviates the penalty of large chip area of multiplies. The proposed controller has been validated with simulation results.

中文摘要……………………………………………………………….……….………i
英文摘要……………………………………………………….……………….……….ii
誌謝……………………………………………………………………………………iii
目錄……………………………………………………………..………………………iv
表目錄……………………………………………….…………………………………..v
圖目錄………………….…………………………..…………………………………vi
一、 緒論…………………………………………..….………………………1
1.1 研究背景……………………………………….………………….……1
1.2 研究動機與目的….……………………….…..………………………..1
1.3 論文架構……………………………………...……...…………………...2
二、 雙向調變數位脈波寬度調整器切換式降壓電路的設計………………3
2.1 系統架構與說明……………....………………..……………………3
2.2 DC/DC切換式降壓電路………………....……..……………………4
2.3 誤差處理單元、比較器及陣列反向器...……………………………7
2.4 PID型補償器.....……………………...…………………………………10
2.4.1 自動控制系統理論.......................……..……………………...10
2.4.2 PID控制原理……………………………………..................11
2.4.3 PID控制數位化實現……………………………………………17
2.4.4 以look-up table(查表)方式實現PID補償器……………………18
2.5 數位式脈波寬度調變器…………………...…………………………22
2.5.1 數位式脈波寬度調變器之架構...……...……..……………………23
三、 系統模擬………………………………………………………..……26
3.1 系統在頻域上的模擬…………………………………....……. ………26
3.2 系統在時域上的模擬…………………………………………………32
3.2.1 比較器模擬………………………………………………………....32
3.2.2 陣列反向器模擬……………………………………………………33
3.2.3 誤差處理單元模擬…………………………………………………36
3.2.4 PID型補償器模擬…………………………………………………..37
3.2.5 數位脈波寬度調變模擬……………………………………………39
3.2.6 切換式降壓電路及結合整個系統模擬…………………………....40
四、 IC製作與驗證…..………………………………………………………..46
4.1 切換式降壓電路……………....……………..…………………………46
4.2 控制IC………………………………………….………………………..48
4.2.1 類比設計…..………………………………………………………..48
4.2.2 數位設計…………………………………………………………….52
4.2.3 IC製作與全系統模擬………………………………………………54
五、 結論與未來發展..…………...…………………………….……………..57
5.1 結論………………………………………………………………………57
5.2 未來發展……………………………………………………………….57
參考文獻………………………………………………………………...…………58
附錄………………………………………………………….…………………..…59

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