臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究主要目的是討論影響生產奈米碳管及奈米碳球Graphite Encapsulated Metal(GEM)的主要因素。並嘗試將奈米碳管及奈米碳球做儲氫的可能性。
利用電弧放電法製備奈米碳球及碳管，改變腔體的冷卻水溫度及觸媒中鐵碳比，還有不同純化時間對奈米碳球碳管的量產影響。以SEM、TEM、XRD和Raman分析不同純化時間產物的特性。實驗結果顯示電弧腔體溫度隨著冷卻水溫度由室溫(~25℃)降到5℃，碳球及碳管的產量由0.764g增加到1.130g。而改變鐵碳比由Fe:C=1:1增加到Fe:C=4:1，其產物由大量奈米碳管變為大量含鐵奈米碳球(GEM)。XRD分析顯示，強酸純化過程中，當純化溫度在140℃時，純化時間增加到3小時，雜質即可完全清除，得到最大量純化之碳管及碳球。超過3小時，純化之碳管及碳球即開始被強酸融化，至5小時則碳球結構會被破壞。
本研究也嘗試將奈米碳管及碳球進行氫吸附的實驗，在真空狀態下將氫氣導入TPD(Temperature Processing Desorption )使碳球及碳管吸附氫氣，並以PV=nRT求出氫氣的吸附量。初步結果發現碳管與碳球的氫吸附量為0.3133wt%，碳球及碳管確有吸附氫的功能。

The objective of this research project is to investigate several important parameters for quantitative production of carbon nanotube and nanocapsule by using an arc-discharge technique. These carbon products were evaluated by TEM, SEM, XRD and Raman spectroscopy. Attempt has also been made to determine the feasibility of carbon nanotubes and nanocapsules for hydrogen storage.
Experimental results indicate that the chamber temperature decreased from ambient temperature (~25℃) to 5℃ by controlling cooling water temperature, carbon nanotubes and nanocapsules increased from 0.76 to 1.13 gm. Pure iron powder was used as catalysis for synthesizing carbon nanotubes and nanocapsules. The ratio of Fe:C from 1:1 up to 4:1 was evaluated, it was found that the ratio of nanotube and nanocapsule decreases with increasing Fe to C ratio. Purification of nanotubes and nanocapsules was performed in concentrated acid at 140℃ as a function of cooking time. TEM and XRD examinations were made and revealed that purified carbon nanotubes and nanocapsules can be obtained at about 3 hours cooking time, when the soot residuals, such as graphitic particles and amorphous carbon, were removed sufficiently. As the cooking time was greater than 3 hours, the amount of purified carbon nanotubes and nanocapsules tended to decrease. All the carbon products would be dissolved completely after 5 hours.
An attempt was also made on the adsorption experiment of hydrogen by carbon nanotubes and nanocapsules using TPD facility. The preliminary result showed that approximately 0.3133% wt of hydrogen had been adsorbed by the carbon nanotubes. Carbon nanotubes appears to be feasible for future fuel cell application.

目錄
摘要.................................................i
ABSTRACT................................................ii
目錄...............................................iii
圖目錄................................................vi
表目錄................................................ix
第一章 緒論............................................1
1.1 前言.................................................1
1.2實驗目的...............................................2
第二章 文獻回顧...........................................3
2.1 奈米碳球之簡介........................................3
2.2 奈米碳管之簡介........................................6
2.3 奈米碳球與奈米碳管的合成方法..........................7
2.4 奈米碳球與碳管的成長機制.............................13
2.4.1 奈米碳管的成長機制................................13
2.4.2 奈米碳球的成長機制................................15
2.5 吸附氫簡介...........................................17
2.6 不同參數對奈米碳球與奈米碳管合成的影響...............18
2.6.1 蒸氣壓............................................19
2.6.2 熔點..............................................20
2.6.3 電子組態觀點......................................20
2.6.4 熱力學關係........................................20
2.6.5 觸媒種類..........................................21
第三章 實驗方法..........................................24
3.1 儀器設備.............................................24
3.2實驗步驟..............................................25
3.3成長奈米碳球及奈米碳管................................26
3.4 純化.................................................27
3.5 氫吸附實驗...........................................29
3.5.1 TPD儀器示意圖.....................................29
3.5.2 氫吸附實驗步驟....................................30
3.6 微結構分析...........................................30
第四章 實驗結果..........................................34
4.1量產奈米碳球及碳管....................................34
4.1.1不同冷卻溫度對碳管產量之效應........................34
4.1.2純化時間之影響......................................37
4.2 SEM 分析.............................................40
4.2.1不同純化時間的影響.................................40
4.2.2不同鐵碳觸媒比例的影響.............................42
4.3 TEM照片分析..........................................43
4.3.1不同純化時間，碳球包覆金屬的情況...................42
4.3.2奈米碳管存在的情形.................................51
4.4拉曼光譜分析..........................................56
4.5 x-ray數據分析........................................57
4.6 儲氫量測試...........................................59
4.7 結論.................................................60
第五章 未來工作..........................................62
參考文獻.................................................63

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