臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

企業擁有較少之供應商數量會增加供應風險，然而擁有過多供應商卻會增加管理成本，因此，為確定最佳供應商數量，已造成許多採購經理人之困擾。本研究主要目的在於探討不同供應商數量對企業經營成本之影響，以往針對供應商停產之危機事件只在討論全面性之重大危機(Super Event)與獨立供應商危機(Unique Event)對供貨失敗之影響。
由於美國911事件與日本311地震造成該區域之供應商停產，影響遍及全球之採購單位，因此，區域性之次級危機（Semi-super Event）必須列入風險考量，此外，因風險因素所造成之損失，過去計算方式過於複雜，本研究利用田口損失函數簡化計算損失，並對照過去模式確認無誤，最後將供應商停產造成之預期可能損失成本與管理供應商之預期供應成本，兩者加總成為預期總成本以建立模型，找出最佳供應數量、供應商分配區域、供應商組合，並予以模型敏感度分析。藉此模型提供企業解決選擇供應商數量之問題。

Supply risks increase if a corporate has fewer suppliers, while managerial cost increases with many suppliers. Therefore, it is critical for procurement managers to determine the optimal number of suppliers. This study mainly investigates the impact of supplier numbers on corporate purchasing. Prevails studies on the supply risk of supply disruption only into consideration the super event and unique event on supply failures. The supply risks in geographical regions, such as, the 911 event in USA and The 311 earthquake in Japan affects global supply chains, Therefore, the semi-super event should be taken into consideration.
In addition, the calculation of the loss caused by supplier failures was too complicated, this study employ Taguchi loss function to simplify the loss calculation. The study provides a model for corporate practitioners to determine the optimal number of supplier by minimizing the total purchasing costs.

中文摘要…………………………………………………………i
英文摘要…………………………………………………………ii
謝誌………………………………………………………………iii
目錄………………………………………………………………iv
表目錄……………………………………………………………vi
圖目錄……………………………………………………………vii
符號說明…………………………………………………………viii
第一章 緒論………………………………………………………1
1.1 研究背景……………………………………………………1
1.2 研究動機……………………………………………………2
1.3 研究目的……………………………………………………3
1.4研究架構與流程圖………………………………………….4
第二章 文獻探討…………………………………….…………5
2.1 採購活動與流程……………………………………………5
2.2 供應商選擇…………………………………………………8
2.2.1供應商選擇流程………………………………………….8
2.2.2供應商評估準則…………………………………………10
2.2.3供應商選擇方法………………………………………..13
2.4供應風險……………………………………………………15
2.5選擇最佳供應商數量模式文獻討………………………17
2.6田口損失函數的應用……………………………………25

第三章 研究模式建立…………………………………………26
3.1 失敗機率…………………………………………………26
3.2 損失 ………………………………………………………32
3.2.1田口損失函數法……………………………………32
3.2.2損失值………………………………………………35
3.3 預期總成本………………………………………………37
第四章 應用與討論……………………………………………39
4.1 模式驗證…………………………………………………39
4.2 模式應用…………………………………………………40
4.3 模式敏感度分析…………………………………………43
第五章 結論與建議……………………………………………51
參考文獻………………………………………………………53

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