臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文在AC/DC/AC前級的整流器中，是使用以空間向量調變之電流控制技術，此技術是經由計算得知三相輸入電感的電壓降，用以求得整流器開關前的電壓量，再由空間向量調變法來進行調變以獲得功因校正的效果。而在後級的直流對交流變頻器中，是以向量控制的觀念來建構一感應電動機驅動系統。並且將前後級的開關信號經由最佳電壓向量及時間選擇器來求出最佳導通時間。另外由於兩個轉換器的信號是同時動作，三相電源能量直接送到三相感應馬達，所以不需要像傳統的AC/DC/AC轉換器在直流鏈側需要龐大的電解電容，可以用較小容值的電容代替。最後再加上一準並聯共振直流鏈電路來完成柔性切換轉換器的實現。在所有的信號處理上，我們是使用德儀公司發展的TMS320C240此一數位信號處理器來完成系統的數位化。由實驗結果可以得知雖然使用較小的電解電容，仍然可以達到功因改善及直流穩壓的效果，而加入準並聯共振直流鏈電路後，可以有效的降低開關切換時所產生的突波。

A current control technique based on the space vector modulation for a three-phase rectifier is adopted to the AC/DC/AC system. This control technique calculated the voltage in front of the switches of rectifier. Then by the space vector modulation, the rectifier can correct the power factor. The vector control method is used to construct the driving system of the induction motor. The optimal conduction time of the AC/DC/AC converter is achieved by the optimal voltage vector and time selector. Because the two converters are active in the same time, the power can be directly delivered to the three-phase induction motor. Thus instead of the bulky electrolytic capacitor in the dc link, small capacitors can be used.
A quasi-parallel resonant DC link circuit can be applied to the induction motor system to implement the soft-switching inverter. In all signal processings, TI TMS320C240 digital signal processor is regarded as the heart of the system to complete the related software. From the results of experiments, it is proved that it can achieve the power factor correction and the stable AC/DC/AC operation even with the smaller capacitor.

第一章緒論…………………………..…………………………….…1
1.1 前言…………………………..…………………………….…1
1.2 內容大綱…………………………..……….…………………2
第二章TMS320C240數位信號處理器簡介與相關之軟體技巧……3
2.1 簡介……………………………..………………………….…3
2.2 整體架構簡介…………………….………………..……….…3
2.3 中央處理器………………..……………………………….…5
2.4 事件管理模組…………………………………………………6
2.5 類比至數位轉換器………..…………………….……………9
2.6 看門狗及即時中斷………..……….…………………………9
2.7 控制軟體架構簡介……..………….…………… …………...10
2.7.1 正弦函數、餘弦函數與反正切函數的查表…………………10
2.7.2 QX模式……..…………………………………………………12
2.7.3 轉速估測……..……………………………………..………...13
2.7.4 控制器………..…………………………………..…………...14
第三章具有功因校正之三相交流對直流轉換器原理…..………….15
3.1 簡介 …………………………….……………………………15
3.2 功因校正技術介紹………………………….…..………….…15
3.3 以空間向量調變之電流控制法………………………………18
3.3.1 電流控制法原理………..……….…………………………….18
3.3.2 以空間向量調變之電流控制法數學式推導…………………19
3.3.3 負載功率估測……………..………………………………….23
3.4 空間向量調變與修正式空間向量調變………..…….………25
3.4.1 空間向量調變原理……………….……………….….………25
3.4.2 修正式空間向量調變原理………………………..………….28
3.5 電腦模擬……..……………………………………………….31
3.5.1 模擬方塊圖介紹………………..…………………………….31
3.5.2 模擬結果………………………..…………………………….33
第四章感應電動機向量控制理論與AC/DC/AC之最佳電壓向量及
時間選擇……………………..……………………………. 37
4.1 感應電動機之數學模式………..…………………………….37
4.2 感應馬達之磁場導向控制……..…………..…………………40
4.2.1 間接磁場導向向量控制理論簡介…..……….……………….41
4.2.2 控制觀點…..………………………….……….………………41
4.3 AC/DC/AC最佳電壓向量及時間選擇器………..………….43
第五章柔性切換應用之準並聯共振直流鏈電路………..………….48
5.1 柔性切換技術簡介………………………………..………….48
5.2 新型之準並聯共振直流鏈電路的基本原理………..……….49
5.3 準並聯共振直流鏈轉換器之控制電路……………..……….53
第六章AC/DC/AC系統實驗結果……………………………..…….55
6.1 程式流程方塊圖………………………………………..…….55
6.2 實作系統與相關之硬體電路…………………………..….…57
6.2.1 電流偵測電路…………………………………………..…….58
6.2.2 正弦、餘弦信號取樣電路……………………………..…….59
6.2.3 直流鏈電壓信號取樣電路………………………..………….60
6.2.4 數位濾波器………………………………………..………….60
6.2.5 D/A轉換輸出單元…………………………………..…….…61
6.3 實作波形………. ……………………………………..……...61
第七章結論 ………………………………………….………..……..87
參考文獻 …………………………………………………………..…….88

[1]P. D. Ziogas, Y. Kang, and V. R. Stefanovic, "Rectifier-inverter frequency changers with suppressed DC link components," IAS Conf., pp. 1180-1189, 1985.
[2]T. G. Habetler, "A space vector based rectifier regulator for AC/DC/AC converters," IEEE Trans. Power Electronics, pp. 30-36, 1993.
[3]T. G. Habetler and D. M. Divan, "Angle controlled current regulated rectifiers for AC/DC/AC converters," PESC Conf., pp. 704-709, 1989.
[4]J. S. Kim and S. K. Sul, "New control scheme for AC-DC-AC converter without DC link electrolytic capacitor," PESC Conf., pp. 300-306, 1993.
[5]"TMS320C24X DSP controllers reference set", Volume 1.
[6]"TMS320C24X DSP controllers reference set", Volume 2.
[7]許溢适譯著, "AC 伺服系統的理論與設計實務," 文笙書局, 民國八十一年.
[8]C. L. Phillips and H. T. Nagle, "Digital control system analysis and design," Prentice Hall, Inc., New Jersey, 1995, 3rd Edition.
[9]Z. Yang and P. C. Sen, "Recent developments in high power factor switch-mode converters," IEEE Electrical and Computer Engineering, pp. 477-480, 1998.
[10]N. Mohan, T. M. Undeland, and W. P. Robbins, "Power electronics, converters, applications, and design," John Wiley and Son, Inc., New York, 1995, 2nd Edition.
[11]R. Wu, S. B. Dewan, and G. R. Slemon, "A PWM AC-to-DC converter with fixed switching frequency," IEEE Trans. Ind. Applicat., pp. 880-885, 1990.
[12]J. W. Dixon, A. B. Kulkami, M. Nishimoto, and B. T. Ooi, "Characteristics of a controlled current PWM rectifier-inverter link," IEEE Trans. Ind. Applicat., pp. 1022-1028, 1987.
[13]M. Nishimoto, J. W. Dixon, A. B. Kulkami, and B. T. Ooi, "An integrated controlled-current PWM rectifier-chopper link for sliding mode position control," IAS Conf., pp.685-691, 1986.
[14]J. S. Kim and S. K. Sul, "Resonant link bidirectional power converter: part II -application to bidirectional ac motor drive without electrolytic capacitor," IEEE Trans. Power Electronics, pp.485-493, 1995.
[15]尤耀廷, "零電壓轉換技術應用於磁場導向感應電動機控制之分析與設計," 國立雲林科技大學電機工程技術研究所碩士論文, 八十八年六月.
[16]The Math works, Ins., MATLAB Reference Guide, Natick MA 1992.
[17]The Math works, Ins., Simulink user's Guide, Natick MA 1994.
[18]李宜達編著, "控制系統設計與模擬 使用MATLAB/SIMULINK," 全華書局, 民國八十七年.
[19]V. Blasko and V. Kaura, "A new mathematical model and control of a three-phase AC-DC voltage source converter," IEEE Trans. Power Electronics, pp.116-123, 1997.
[20]P. Vas, "Vector control of ac machines," Oxford, New York, 1990.
[21]B. K. Bose, "Power electronics and ac drivers," Prentice-Hall, New Jersey. 1986.
[22]J. S. Lai, "Power electronics system modeling and simulation," IEEE Computer in Power Electronics, pp. 45-55, 1994.
[23]S. Ogasawara, H. Akagi, and A. Nabae, "The generalized theory of indirect vector control for ac machines," IEEE Trans. Ind. Applicat., pp. 470-478, May/June, 1988.
[24]Y. T. Kao and C. H. Liu, "Analysis and design of microprocessor-based vector-controlled induction motor drives," IEEE Trans. Ind. Appli., pp. 46-54, February 1992.
[25]A. Larabi, D. Grenier, and F. Labrique, "A simplified vector control scheme for an induction motor revisited," IEEE AMC, pp. 24-29,1998.
[26]D. M. Divan and G. Skibinski, "Zero switching loss inverters for high power applications," IEEE IAS, pp. 627-634, 1987.
[27]L. Malesani, P. Tomasin, and V. Toigo, "Modulation techniques for quasi resonant link PWM converter," IEEE IAS, pp. 789-795, 1992.
[28]J. He, N. Mohan, and B. Wold, "Zero-voltage-switching inverter for high-frequency DC-AC power conversion," IEEE Trans. Ind. Applicat., pp. 959-968, 1993.
[29]Y. Wan, H. L. Liu, Y. C. Jung, J. G. Cho, and G. H. Cho, "Program-controlled soft switching PRDCL inverter with new space vector PWM algorithm," IEEE PESC, pp. 313-319, 1992.
[30]L. Malesani, P. Tenti, D. M. Divan, and V. Toigo, "A synchronized resonant DC link converter for soft-switched PWM," IEEE Ind. Applicat., pp. 1037-1044. 1989.
[31]Y. C. Jung, H. L. Liu, and G. C. Cho, "Soft switching space vector PWM inverter using a new quasi-parallel resonant DC link," IEEE Trans. Power Electronics, pp. 503-511, 1996.
[32]陳一通, "高脈寬調變能力之柔性切換反流器," 中華民國發明專利第89329號.