臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

　　縱觀當今世界政壇，不管是發達國家還是發展中國家；不管是資本主義國家還是社會主義社會，都面臨一個共同的課題，就是如何消除政府行政中存在的以權錢交易為主要特徵的腐敗行為，建立廉潔，廉能政治。世界上不少發展中國家，由於沒有解決好市場秩序和制約官員以權謀私問題，而在現代化過程中，產生嚴重的官員腐敗問題，其往往造成社會處於紊亂、停滯、低效的狀態，可見在發展中國家現代化的過程，能否建立起市場新秩序和約束行政官員保持廉潔的機制，將是其實現現代化的關鍵。而中共自1949年建政以來，曾先後以不同的方式、不同的面貌，展開各種大小程度不一的整風、整黨、懲治官倒與反腐敗運動，但腐敗卻屢禁不止，尤其在改革開放之後，各種腐敗現象泛濫，貪污受賄、權錢交易等腐敗行為，呈愈演愈烈之勢，終成1989年「天安門民運事件」肇因之一。為遏阻歪風滋長，中共更於1993年8月20日後，大張旗鼓，雷厲風行開展「反腐倡廉」之鬥爭工作，然仍於1995年爆發三件特大貪腐案，故為探究其深層因素，本文以對當前中共反腐敗鬥爭之現況及廉政監督制度在反腐敗鬥爭功能與未來發展等面向為研究重點。
　　本文藉由定性資料之蒐集，以歷史研究途徑、制度研究途徑與結構功能途徑為主，採取文件分析及次級資料分析研究方法來對共黨領導人的廉政監督思想，與中共腐敗現象、成因、與影響，做一全盤性之歷史概觀與探討中共廉政監督制度中紀律檢查委員會、監察部及人民檢案院等之組織沿革，任務、職能與現存之問題所在，並對中共紀檢、監察、檢察等政治結構在反腐敗廉政建設中所產生之成效與功能提出分析。
　　本文研究結果發現，由於在國際間反貪腐行動已為時代之潮流；中共領導人強調反腐敗鬥爭是一項長期的工作；大陸貪腐現象愈趨惡化蔓延，貪腐成為大陸社會矛盾的總根源，危及政權穩定；及反腐敗政治風險低，有利爭取民心等因素激盪下，推動反腐敗鬥爭乃成為鄧後中共或江澤民保權固權的重要工具，故未來不論是中共政權，抑或是中共廉政監督機制亦必將賡續推動反腐敗鬥爭。然由於中共廉政監督機制在根本體制掣肘、思想上存有誤差、監督體制存有缺陷與法規政策無法落實等因素制約下，致使中共反腐敗鬥爭的前景，面臨嚴苛挑戰，而中共政權所詡稱「全心全意為人民服務」、「由人民當家做主」與大陸人民所期待的廉潔政治，亦恐將是一場「難圓」與「失落」的夢罷了。

　　In taking a general look at politics in today''s world, whether in developed countries or in developing countries, whether in democratic or socialist countries, they all face the same issue, and that is how to eliminate corruption involving power and monetary exchanges that exist in government administration, and to establish a clean, honest and capable government system. There are many developing countries in the world that have not resolved the problem of order in the market and the abuse of power for self-gain by officers who control contracts and agreements, and because of this, their path toward modernisation have been impeded by serious corruption involving government officers which unavoidably leads to social disorder, stagnation, an ineffective government. It is evideent that the key to realising modernisation for developing countries lies in their ability to establish order in the market and a system for maintaining the integrity of government officers. The government of Communist China, since its establishment in 1949, has instigated on various scales different methods and different forms of movements of rectification, consolidation of the party organisation, remediation by punishment of official profiteers, and anti-corruption. However, corruption has continued non-stop, especially after the drastic changes of modernisation and opening exchanges through abuse of power, which gradually intensified to become one of the factors that incurred the 1989 “Tiananmen Massacre.” In order to curb this unhealthy trend and to prosper, on August 20, 1993, the government of China launched on a grand scale and with great speed and determination, the fight “against corruption, and advocation of honesty ”, which led to three major corruption cases being exposed in 1995. In order to delve deeper into the factors involving these cases, the main points studied in this paper will be the conditions of China’s fight against corruption at that time, and the capabilities of the Political Integrity Surveillance System and its future development.
　　Through the collection of qualitative data, this paper will adopt the methods of historical research, systems research and structural function as a basis, and use the methods of dacument analysis and seconndary material analysis to do a comprehensive historical conspectus and a discussion on the problems that exist in the evolution, responsibilities and working capability of the Laws and Regulations Inspection Committee, the Surveillance System of Communist China. This paper will also analyse the effectiveness and the functions of the Laws and Regulations Inspection Committee, the Surveillance Department, and the People’s Procuratorate etc., in China’s process of establishing anti-corruption and political integrity.
　　Studies in this paper have discovered that: internationally, the anti-corruption movement has become a trend of the times; leaders of China stress that the fight against corruption is a long-term struggle; corruption in Mainland China is spreading and becoming worse, and is the main cause of societal incongruity and danger and political instability; and since anti-corruption has low political risk and can be used ot win the people’s favour, and other such factors, promoting anti-corruption has become an important tool for post-Deng leaders or JIANG Zemin to wield and maintain power. Therefore, in the future, anti-corruption movements will continue either by the Chinese communist regime or the Political Integrity Surveillance System of Communist China. Since the basic system of rules of the Political Integrity Surveillance System is handicapped and its ideology is erroneous, the rules of surveillance contain defects and the whole system cannot be carried out according to laws and policies, and other such restricting factors, the current situation of China’s fight against corruption is facing a harsh challenge. The communist regime’s boasting of its slogans, “serve the people wholeheartedly” and “let the people rule and decide and the people’s expectations of government administrative integrity, are probably just a dream "impossible to realise" and a dream "lost."