臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究利用單軸擠壓機加工飼料玉米粉，以3×3×3複因子實驗設計，探
討改變單軸擠壓機之操作參數（套筒溫度、螺軸轉速及進料速率），對原
料在擠壓機內之滯留時間分佈及擠壓產品物理特性（含水率、橫向膨發率
、縱向膨發率、假密度、最大剪切力、白度值、彩度值）與化學特性（水
溶性指標、吸水性指標、糊化程度指標、澱粉消化率及非酵素性褐變）之
影響。實驗結果顯示：1. 套筒溫度、螺軸轉速及進料速率對原料在擠壓
機內的平均滯留時間均有影響，其中以進料速率之影響最為顯著。進料速
率愈低，物料在擠壓機內的平均滯留時間愈長。2. 套筒溫度之改變對擠
壓產品的理化性質影響最為顯著，其次是進料速率，而螺軸轉速僅對產品
彩度值存有負的相關性。3. 利用本單軸擠壓機加工飼料玉米粉之最適操
作條件為套筒溫度為80℃-80℃-80℃（三段式加熱），螺軸轉速為73.3
rpm，進料速率為15.53kg/h。

Feed corn was used as the raw material to study the effects of
process parameters on extrudates residence time distributions,
physical and chemical properties by using a single-screw
extruder. The process parameters were barrel temperature, screw
speed and feed rate. The physical and chemical properties were
moisture content, cross-sectional expansion ratio, longitudinal
expansion ratio, bulk density, shear force, whiteness index,
saturation index, water solubility index, water absorption
index, degree of gelatinization, starch digestibility, and
browning reaction. The experiment was a 3×3×3 factorial
design. Results indicated that : 1. Barrel temperature, screw
speed and feed rate were influential in mean residence time.
Mean residence time was significantly affected by the feed rate.
Decreasing of the feed rate raised the mean residence time. 2.
The changing of barrel temperature had the greatest effect on
extrudates physical and chemical properties. The feed rate was
the second important factor affecting the extrudates physical
and chemical properties. The screw speed only provided the
negative correlation with the extrudates saturation index. 3.
The optimum operating conditions for the feed corn by using the
single-screw extruder were 80℃-80℃-80℃ barrel temperature,
73.3rpm screw speed, and 15.53kg／h feed rate.