臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

論文摘要
本文係以 Ramsey (1928)及 Stockman (1981)的模型為基礎，修正既存文獻中僅假設所有經濟活動皆在市場上進行的缺失，納入 Becker(1988)有關於家庭生產部門的重要主張，分別建立實質面與貨幣面的最適控制模型，探討在實質模型下未預料到恆常性政府支出擴張，以及在貨幣模型下未預料到恆常性貨幣成長率增加的資本累積效果。
透過本文的分析，我們將所獲致的結論歸納如下：
1、在以定額稅融通政府支出的實質模型下，我們的分析發現，未預料到恆常性政府支出的擴張對資本累積的影響，端視市場財生產部門及家庭財生產部門的要素密集程度大小而定；若市場財生產部門相對家庭部門而言是屬於資本密集的情況，則長期均衡的資本存量將會累積；而若市場財生產部門傾向勞力密集時，則長期均衡的資本存量變化未有明確定論。此結果與Ramsey (1928)及Blanchard and Fischer (1989)的結果有所差異。
2、在預先持有現金的貨幣成長模型下，未預料到恆常性貨幣成長率增加，若只對消費作交易付現限制，長期靜止均衡的市場消費以及每人平均持有貨幣餘額會減少，而資本存量增加與否端視市場財生產部門的要素密集程度以及市場消費財與家庭消費財的替代互補性效果而定。若市場財生產部門係屬於資本密集部門，且市場消費財與家庭消費財呈互補或獨立關係，則資本存量必定耗損；若市場財生產部門係屬於資本密集部門，且市場消費財與家庭消費財呈替代關係，則資本存量可能累積抑或耗損；若市場財生產部門係屬於勞力密集部門，且市場消費財與家庭消費財呈替代、互補或獨立關係，則有可能引發資本累積或耗損。以上結果使得貨幣的超中立性不成立，並且與 Lucas (1980)、Stockman (1981)、及Abel (1985)的結果截然不同。另一方面，若同時對消費與投資作交易付現限制，貨幣成長率的增加對長期均衡的市場消費、每人平均持有貨幣餘額的影響則變為不確定，長期均衡的資本存量亦呈現不確定的結果。因此，貨幣的超中立性仍然不成立，同時亦與 Stockman (1981)的結論明顯相異。

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目 錄
第一章 緒 論 1
第一節 研究動機與目的. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
第二節 論文架構. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
第二章 政府支出與實質均衡模型 6
第一節 理論模型 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
第二節 瞬間均衡 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
第三節 動態特質 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
第四節 未預料到恆常性政府支出擴張效果 . . . . . . . . . .19
第三章 貨幣成長與貨幣均衡模型 31
第一節 理論模型 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
第二節 市場財的消費受到交易付現限制 . . . . . . . . . . .37
第三節 市場財的消費及投資受到交易付現限制 . . . . . . . .42
第四章 結論與展望 48
附錄一 數學附錄 50
參考文獻 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53

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