臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

多氯聯苯在1968年於日本爆發米糠油（Yusho）事件及在1979年於台灣的另一次米糠油（Yu-Cheng）事件引起全球矚目。
自然界中，多氯聯苯由兩種途徑降解，一為光化學降解另一為生物降解。前者過程十分緩慢且不易被掌控，而生物降解即利用自然所蘊藏的包容力，亦即利用微生物將複雜的有機分子轉變成可再利用的小分子。因此，本研究的目標在探討多氯聯苯如何由微生物完成降解並確認其中主要途徑，藉追蹤分析代謝中間物之消長作為日後發展更純熟生物整治技術之參考。
本研究方法以研發：(1)氧化反應中間物之萃取及辨識；(2)建立上述中間物種之層析特性及化學結構；(3)根據各中間產物之存在及含量決定其指標性質﹔(4)建立指標中間物與污染源或降解程度之相關性。期以達到多氯聯苯微生物降解途徑之指紋鑑定，做為環境污染程度或整治評估之參考。

總目錄
表目錄………………………………..…………………………...…..…ix
圖目錄………………………………………………...…………………xi
中文摘要……………………………………………………...………..xiv
英文摘要………………………………………………………...…...…xv
壹、前言…………………………………………………………………1
1.1 多氯聯苯的簡介…………………………………………………….3
1.2 環境與多氯聯苯………………………………………………….…8
1.3 多氯聯苯之防治及處理…………………………………...………12
1.3.1 國內防治及處理趨勢………………………………………...12
1.3.2 多氯聯苯病理學……………………………………………...16
1.3.3 多氯聯苯安全及災變防治…………………………………...22
1.4 多氯聯苯的微生物降解…………………………………………...22
1.4.1 多氯聯苯的厭氧微生物降解……………...…………………31
1.4.2 多氯聯苯的需氧微生物降解………………………………...41
1.5 氯苯酸的基本性質………………………………………………...56
1.6 多氯聯苯微生物降解代謝產物分析方法的的文獻回顧……...…57
1.6.1 採樣………………….………………………………………..58
1.6.2 樣品的前處理………………………………………………...58
1.6.3 分析管柱的選擇…………………………………….………..60
1.6.4 分析偵檢器的選擇…………………………………….……..61
1.6.5 萃取…………………………………………………………...61
1.6.5-1降解代謝物Chlorinated 2,3-dihydro-2,3-
dihydroxybiphenyl的萃取程序……………………….61
1.6.5-2 降解代謝物Chlorinated 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl的萃取
程序……………………………………………………63
1.6.5-3 降解代謝物Chlorinated 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-6-
phenylhexa-2,4-dienoic acid的萃取程序……………..64
1.6.6 衍生化………………………………………………………...65
1.6.7 氣相層析質譜分析…………………………..……………….67
貳、實驗分析方法……………………………………………………..70
2.1 採樣………………………………………………………………...70
2.2 前處理…………………………………………………………..….70
2.3 微生物培養………………………………………………………...70
2.3.1 培養基的製備…………….……………….………………….70
2.3.2 底泥中微生物的移植……………………………..………….71
2.3.3 多氯聯苯之需氧降解實驗---耗氧量之量測………………...71
2.3.4 氯苯酸降解實驗……………………………………………...71
2.4萃取…………………………………………………………...…….72
2.4.1 多氯聯苯的萃取程序…………………………………...……72
2.4.2 氯苯酸的萃取程序……………………………...……...…….72
參、結果與討論…………………………………..……………………73
3.1 氣相層析儀條件最佳化…………………………...………………73
3.1.1 Aroclor 1260…………………………………...……….……73
3.1.2 Aroclor 1221………………………………….….………..…73
3.1.3 氯苯酸………………………………………..….………..…73
3.2 液相層析儀條件最佳化…………………………...………………79
3.2.1 多氯聯苯之紫外線光譜探討………….……..………………79
3.2.2 動相比例對Aroclor 1260、1221層析條件的影響…………...82
3.2.3 動相流速對Aroclor 1260、1221層析條件的影響………….85
3.2.4 動相質子化與否對氯苯酸層析條件的影響………………...88
3.2.5 動相流速對氯苯酸層析條件的影響………………………...91
3.2.6 氯苯酸之紫外線光譜探討…………………………………...91
3.3 回收率…………………………………………………..……...…100
3.3.1 Aroclor 1260…………………………………...………...…100
3.3.2 Aroclor 1221………………………………….….…………100
3.3.3 氯苯酸………………………………………..….…………100
3.4 Aroclor 1260、1221之添加實驗…………………………………105
3.5 以苯酸模擬氯苯酸降解………………………………………….107
肆、結論………………………………………………………………..111
伍、未來展望………………………………………………..…………111
參考文獻………………………………………………………………112

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