臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要

植物固醇除了可有效降低膽固醇的吸收進而預防心血管疾病外，另一方面亦可降低癌症的發生，此外植物固醇甘類化合物則能增進免疫系統機能。而植物固醇是由free sterols (FS)、steryl esters (SE)、steryl glycosides (SG) 和acylated steryl glycosides (ASG) 所組成，不同植物中的組成亦會有所不同，故有效測定植物中不同植物固醇的含量是極為重要的。植物固醇的分析常以酸水解和鹼水解的方式對樣品進行預處理，所得植物固醇包含所有類型之固醇。而植物固醇甘類化合物的測定則是利用酸水解切除糖基後之固醇類含量即為植物固醇甘類化合物總量。本研究則是以RP-HPLC的方式直接檢測樣本中植物固醇甘類化合物之含量。結果發現，經由RP-HPLC方式分析所得之山藥和山藥優格的sitosterol-β-glucosidase含量明顯高於利用酸水解方式所測得之sitosterol和stigmasterol之總量。在植物固醇甘類化合物的分析上RP-HPLC方式可降低因酸水解所造成之損失，進而增加測定的精準度。此外分析藍綠藻、石蓴、龍鬚菜及鹿角海蘿等藻類樣品，則未檢測出sitosterol-β-glucosidase。

Abstract

Plant sterol not only can decrease cholesterol absorption and thus protect against atherosclerosis but also have a beneficial effect against cancer. In addition, steryl glycosides have immunomodulating activities. Total plant sterol contents were usually determined in different plant materials which were the total amounts of free sterols (FS), steryl esters (SE), steryl glycosides (SG), and acylated steryl glycosides (ASG). Recently, reliable data on concentrations of phytosterol species in various plant-based foods were highly desired. Sterols in more complex sample were determined by using a method that comprised of acid hydrolysis and alkaline hydrolysis to provide the amount of total sterols. SG were determined by the deduction the total sterols contents by the sterol contents resulted by acid hydrolysis treatment. In this study, sitosterol-��-glucoside in different plants (Dioscorea pseudojaponica, and marine algae, such as Spirulina spp., Ulva lactuca, Gracilaria coronopifolia and Gloiopeltis tenax) were analyzed by RP-HPLC. Quantification of sitosterol-��-glucoside by RP-HPLC analysis was higher than using traditional method. Although the retention times of sitosterol-��-glucoside of some materials were closed to the authentic standard, it was unlikely that the signal represented to sitosterol-��-glucoside after a closer examination of their UV spectra.

目 錄
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目錄 III
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 VII
壹、前言 1
貳、文獻整理 3
一、植物固醇與植物固醇苷類化合物之來源與結構 3
1. 植物固醇之來源 3
2. 植物固醇之結構 5
3. 植物固醇苷類化合物之結構. 7
二、植物固醇與植物固醇苷類化合物之生理功能 8
1. 降低膽固醇. 8
2. 免疫反應. 9
3. 臨床試驗. 10
三、植物固醇苷類化合物之分析 12
1. 樣品之提取. 12
2. 樣品之檢測分析. 13
叁、材料與方法 15
一、實驗材料 15
1. 標準品. 15
2. 樣品. 15
3. 藥品. 15
4. 層析管柱. 16
5. 儀器. 16
二、實驗方法 17
1. 植物固醇及植物固醇苷類化合物之校正曲線 17
1.1 植物固醇 17
1.1植Sitosterol-β-glucoside 17
2. 樣品中植物固醇之提取及分析 17
2.1 樣品之提取及酸水解 17
2.2 樣品之提取及酸、鹼水解 18
2.3 HPLC條件 18
3. 樣品中植物固醇苷類化合物之提取及分析 19
3.1 樣品之提取 19
3.2 HPLC條件 19
肆、結果與討論 20
一、植物固醇苷類化合物標準品之分析 20
1. 植物固醇 20
2. 植物固醇苷類化合物 20
二、樣品之分析 21
1. 山藥及山藥優格之植物固醇及苷類化合物之分析 21
2. 樣品中植物固醇苷類化合物之分析 22
伍、結論 25
陸、參考文獻 44

圖目錄
圖一、植物固醇及其化三烯化合物之生合成 4
圖二、常見的植物固醇及膽固醇之結構 5
圖三、植物固醇及其衍生物之結構 6
圖四、Sitosterol-3-O-β-D-flucoside之結構圖 7
圖五、Stigmasterol之RP-HPLC圖譜 25
圖六、Stigmasterol之校正曲線圖 26
圖七、Sitosterol之RP-HPLC圖譜 27
圖八、Sitosterol之校正曲線圖 28
圖九、Sitosterol-β-glucoside (A)RP-HPLC圖譜(B)28.91 min
之UV圖譜 29
圖十、Sitosterol-β-glucoside之校正曲線圖 30
圖十一、基隆山藥樣品經酸水解(A)RP-HPLC圖(B)20~30min
局部放大RP-HPLC圖 31
圖十二、基隆山藥樣品經酸、鹼水解(A)RP-HPLC圖(B)20~30
min局部放大RP-HPLC圖 32
圖十三、基隆山藥優格樣品經酸水解(A)RP-HPLC圖(B)20~30
min局部放大RP-HPLC圖 33
圖十四、基隆山藥優格樣品經酸、鹼水解(A)RP-HPLC圖
(B)20~30 min局部放大RP-HPLC圖 34
圖十五、基隆山藥樣品(A)RP-HPLC圖(B)20~30 min局部放大
RP-HPLC圖(C)29.03 min之UV圖譜 35
圖十六、基隆山藥優格樣品(A)RP-HPLC圖(B)20~30 min局部
放大RP-HPLC圖(C)28.76 min之UV圖譜 36
圖十七、藍綠藻樣品(A)RP-HPLC圖(B)20~30 min局部放大
RP-HPLC圖(C)29.95 min之UV圖譜 37
圖十八、石蓴樣品(A)RP-HPLC圖(B)20~30 min局部放大
RP-HPLC圖(C)30.83 min之UV圖譜 38
圖十九、龍鬚菜樣品(A)RP-HPLC圖(B)20~30 min局部放大
RP-HPLC圖(C)30.81 min之UV圖譜 39
圖二十、鹿角海蘿樣品(A)RP-HPLC圖(B)20~30 min局部放大
RP-HPLC圖(C)30.60 min之UV圖譜 40

表目錄
表一、山藥及山藥優格之植物固醇與植物固苷類化合物含量 41
表二、不同樣品各層有機溶劑提取之重量 42
表三、各樣品之sitosterol-β-glucoside含量 43

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