臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘 要
　　結合有限時間熱力學理論與可用能分析觀念的可用能效率最佳化方法被應用到數個冷凍循環系統，包含不可逆卡諾冷凍循環系統、不可逆布累登冷凍循環系統、不可逆中間冷卻冷凍循環系統以及二級不可逆併合冷凍循環系統。在分析中考慮的多重不可逆性包含熱庫與循環工作流體間有限的熱傳遞率、循環工作流體的內部損耗和熱庫之間的熱漏。定義為可用能輸出率與可用能輸入率的比值的可用能效率被提出作為最佳化的目標函數。可用能效率最佳化即將此目標函數求取最大值。這些最大可用能效率皆以解析的方法獲得決定。在最大可用能效率情況下，系統的相關最佳參數值亦皆可隨之求出。這些系統的參數都可在評估這些冷凍循環系統性能時，當作為有效而重要的設計準則。而一些系統的設計參數對此最大可用能效率之影響亦在文中加以討論。文中亦說明使用可用能效率作為目標函數的合適性。此外，在不可逆卡諾冷凍循環系統和不可逆布累登冷凍循環系統的研究中，針對一個固定總熱導率於高、低溫側熱交換器的配置問題，亦以數值方法加以討論，並獲得最佳配置之結果。

Abstract
　Exergetic efficiency optimization that combines finite-time thermodynamics theory and exergy concept has been applied to an irreversible Carnot refrigeration system, an irreversible Brayton refrigeration system, an irreversible inter-cooled refrigeration system and a two-stage irreversible combined refrigeration system. Multi- irreversiblities considered in these systems include finite rate heat transfer, internal dissipation of the working fluid and heat leak between heat reservoirs. Exergetic efficiency defined as the ratio of rate of exergy output to rate of exergy input of the system is proposed as the objective function to be optimized. The goal of exergetic efficiency optimization is to maximize the objective function. These maximum values of the exergetic efficiency can be determined analytically. The corresponding optimum values of parameters of these systems are obtained simultaneously. These parameters of the system can be effective and important design criteria while evaluating the performance of these refrigeration systems. The influences of design parameters of the system on the maximum exergetic efficiency are discussed. The appropriation of using exergetic efficiency as objective function is discussed. Moreover, in the research of irreversible Carnot and Brayton refrigeration systems, the allocation of a fixed total thermal conductance between the two heat exchangers is discussed using numerical calculation. The results of optimum allocation are also obtained.

目 錄

中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VII
符號說明 XV

第一章 緒論 1
1-1 研究背景與目的 1
1-2 文獻回顧 3
1-3 本文架構 6

第二章 有限時間熱力學與可用能分析的基礎 8
2-1有限時間熱力學的基礎 8
2-2可用能分析的基礎 10
2-3有限時間熱力學與可用能分析的整合 13

第三章 多重不可逆性卡諾冷凍循環系統之可用能效率最佳化 19
3-1 前言 19
3-2 不可逆卡諾冷凍循環系統之理論模型 20
3-3 可用能效率最佳化 23
3-4 結果與討論 27

第四章 不可逆布累登冷凍循環系統之可用能效率最佳化 44
4-1前言 44
4-2不可逆布累登冷凍循環系統之理論模型 44
4-3 可用能效率最佳化 49
4-4 結果與討論 53

第五章 可用能方法於不可逆中間冷卻冷凍循環系統之應用 69
5-1前言 69
5-2不可逆中間冷卻冷凍循環系統之理論模型 70
5-3 可用能效率最佳化 73
5-4 結果與討論 76

第六章 可用能方法於二級不可逆併合冷凍循環系統之應用 89
6-1前言 89
6-2二級不可逆併合冷凍循環系統之理論模型 90
6-3 可用能效率最佳化 94
6-4 結果與討論 98

第七章 結論 113
7-1綜合結論 113
7-2未來的研究發展方向與建議 116

參考文獻 118
自述 128

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