跳到主要內容

臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

(216.73.216.60) 您好!臺灣時間:2026/08/06 05:29
字體大小: 字級放大   字級縮小   預設字形  
回查詢結果 :::

詳目顯示

我願授權國圖
: 
twitterline
研究生:邱琦閔
研究生(外文):Chi-Min Chiou
論文名稱:品牌來源國變更效應之研究-製造國形象及品牌與國家聯結程度之干擾影響
論文名稱(外文):A Study of Changes in Brand Country Origin-The Moderating Effects in Country of Manufacturing Image and Brand-Country Association
指導教授:廖淑伶
指導教授(外文):Shu-Ling Liao
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:元智大學
系所名稱:管理研究所
學門:商業及管理學門
學類:企業管理學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2002
畢業學年度:90
語文別:中文
論文頁數:160
中文關鍵詞:品牌來源國變更效應製造國形象品牌與國家聯結程度
相關次數:
  • 被引用被引用:8
  • 點閱點閱:353
  • 評分評分:
  • 下載下載:0
  • 收藏至我的研究室書目清單書目收藏:2
品牌來源國變更效應之研究
製造國形象及品牌與國家聯結程度之干擾影響
研究生:邱琦閔 指導教授:廖淑伶 博士
摘 要
本研究主要在探討當產品品牌來源國發生變更時,消費者對新、舊品牌來源國之認知差異程度及變更後的正負向調適反應,是否會影響消費者的知覺品質及購買意願;又品牌來源國變更後,消費者對產品的製造國形象及產品品牌與原母國印象的聯結程度,是否會影響消費者的品質知覺及購買意願。
本研究為使整體立論更為完善,故而將消費者的產品涉入程度視為控制變項,以高、低涉入產品來端視品牌來源國變更後的效應。本研究是透過三因子實驗操作法來進行分析討論,研究發現(1)消費者對於新、舊品牌來源國形象認知為差異較大時,較差異較小時,對高涉入產品的知覺品質有較大的影響。(2)消費者之新、舊品牌母國形象認知之正向反應相較於負向反應,對高涉入產品的知覺品質及購買意願與低涉入產品的購買意願之影響,有顯著的差異存在。(3)在品牌來源國變更的情況下,製造國形象並不會干擾品牌來源國變更的主效果,這是由於在消費者評估雙重國籍的產品時,製造來源國形象對產品評價的影響會比品牌來源國的影響更大。(4)品牌與國家的聯結程度並不會顯著影響消費者對品牌來源國變更效應的產品評價,此情況不論是高、低涉入產品皆適用。
本研究根據研究分析結果提出一些建議:(1)注意國家形象的變遷,在兼顧成本與形象的雙重考量下,適時修正產品所選擇生產區位。(2)國際性的策略聯盟抑是購併活動,除了考量雙方資源的整合與分配外,亦須注意來源國形象的影響。(3)品牌來源國的更動需加以評估兩國的國家形象,選擇有利於產品評價的資訊提供,以利消費者作為參考。(4)當產品製造國家是高國家形象時,廠商可採行強調製造國形象的策略,這樣能有效提昇消費者對產品的評價。(5)當產品國家形象不佳時,則要將行銷的重點放在強調產品本身的屬性上。
目 錄
目錄......................................................... i
表目錄......................................................iii
圖目錄....................................................... v
第一章 緒論.................................................. 1
第一節 研究背景................................................1
第二節 研究動機................................................4
第三節 研究問題與目的..........................................6
第二章 文獻探討.............................................. 8
第一節 來源國理論之探討........................................8
第二節 認知差異性探討.........................................15
第三節 知覺品質與購買意願.....................................29
第四節 產品製造來源國對消費者產品評價之影響...................35
第五節 品牌與國家聯結程度之研究...............................41
第三章 研究方法與設計....................................... 51
第一節 研究設計............................................... 51
第二節 變數操作性定義......................................... 55
第三節 實驗前測............................................... 58
第四節 正式實驗的問卷設計..................................... 62
第五節 統計分析方法........................................... 66
第四章 結果分析與討論. ..................................... 69
第一節 問卷信度與效度檢定..................................... 69
第二節 人口統計變數........................................... 71
第三節 各變數的操作確認... ................................... 72
第四節 假說檢定............................................... 74
第五節 分析結果彙整...........................................125
第五章 結論與建議.......................................... 133
第一節 研究結論.............................................. 133
第二節 學術貢獻與行銷建議.................................... 136
第三節 研究限制.............................................. 139
第四節 後續研究建議.......................................... 139
參考文獻................................................... 141
一、中文部份................................................ 141
二、英文部分................................................ 142
附錄....................................................... 149
附錄一....................................................... 149
附錄二....................................................... 153
附錄三....................................................... 155
表目錄
表1-1:2000年上半年全球前十大併購案件成交金額表...................... 3
表2-1:Han and Terpstra研究產品的形式..................................13
表2-2:十一種品牌聯結之類型與內容....................................45
表3-1:組間設計......................................................53
表3-2:前測問卷之新、舊品牌來源國認知差異大小之選取..................58
表3-3:前測問卷的排列方式................ ...........................59
表3-4:與美國差異程度最大及最小的國家... ............................60
表3-5:與台灣差異程度最大及最小的國家................................61
表3-6:國家品牌聯結程度之統計結果..... ..............................62
表3-7:品牌與國家聯結程度之確認......................................63
表4-1:品牌母國變更之信度係數表......................................70
表4-2:人口統計之性別.............................. .................71
表4-3:人口統計之年齡................................................71
表4-4:人口統計之年級............................... ................72
表4-5:人口統計之學院別..............................................72
表4-6:新、舊品牌母國認知差異程度的獨立樣本t檢定-差異大、小的確認...73
表4-7:新、舊品牌母國正負向反應的獨立樣本t檢定-正、負向反應的確認....73
表4-8:消費者對製造國形象認知的獨立樣本t檢定-形象佳與不佳的確認表....74
表4-9:差異程度對高、低涉入產品之品牌母國變更效應的單因子變異數分析...75
表4-10:差異程度對高、低涉入產品之品牌母國變更效應的平均數.............75
表4-11:正負反應對高、低涉入產品之品牌母國變更效應的單因子變異數分析...77
表4-12:正負反應對高、低涉入產品之品牌母國變更效應的平均數.............78
表4-13:差異正負與製造國形象的二因子變異數分析-知覺品質..............81
表4-14:差異正負與製造國形象的二因子變異數分析-購買意願..............82
表4-15:差異程度、正負向反應與製造國形象-知覺品質三因子變異數分析.....83
表4-16:差異程度、正負向反應與製造國形象-購買意願三因子變異數分析.....85
表4-17:差異程度、正負向反應對高低涉入產品知覺品質的影響,受製造國形象佳與不佳的干擾而變動的幅度.................................... 87
表4-18:差異程度與製造國形象對正負向反應之知覺品質變動幅度的事前比較..88
表4-19:差異程度及正負向反應對高、涉入產品之購買意願的影響,受製造國形象佳與不佳的干擾而變動的幅度.................................... 91
表4-20:差異程度與製造國形象對正負向反應之購買意願變動幅度的事前比較..91
表4-21:差異正負及品牌與原母國聯結程度的二因子變異數分析-知覺品質....97
表4-22:差異正負及品牌與原母國聯結程度的二因子變異數分析-購買意願…..98
表4-23:差異程度、正負向反應與品牌聯結程度-知覺品質三因子變異數分析..99
表4-24:差異程度、正負向反應與品牌聯結程度-購買意願三因子變異數分析. 101
表4-25:差異程度及正負向反應對高、低涉入產品知覺品質的影響,受品牌與原母國聯結程度較強的干擾而變動的幅度............................. 103
表4-26:差異程度與較強的品牌與原母國聯結程度對正負向調適反應之知覺品質變動幅度的事前比較.............................................103
表4-27:差異程度及正負向反應對高、低涉入產品購買意願的影響,受品牌與原母國聯結程度較強的干擾而變動的幅度............................ .107
表4-28:差異程度與較強的品牌聯結程度對正負向調適反應之購買意願變動幅度的事前比較.................................................... 107
表4-29:差異程度及正負向反應對高、低涉入產品知覺品質的影響,受品牌與原母國聯結程度較弱的干擾而變動的幅度......................................111
表4-30:差異程度與較弱的品牌與原母國聯結程度對正負向調適反應之知覺品質變動幅度的事前比較.............................................112
表4-31:差異程度及正負向反應對高、低涉入產品購買意願的影響,受品牌與原母國聯結程度較弱的干擾而變動的幅度...... ...................... 115
表4-32:差異程度與較弱的品牌與原母國聯結程度對正負向調適反應之購買意願變動幅度的事前比較............................................. 116
表4-33:差異程度及正負向反應對高、低涉入產品知覺品質的影響,受品牌與原母國聯結程度較弱的干擾而變動的幅度----製造國形象佳..................... 121
表4-34:差異程度及正負向反應對高、低涉入產品知覺品質的影響,受品牌與原母國聯結程度較弱的干擾而變動的幅度----製造國形象不佳..................... 121
表4-35:差異程度及正負向反應對高、低涉入產品購買意願的影響,受品牌與原母國聯結程度較弱的干擾而變動的幅度----製造國形象佳..................... 123
表4-36:差異程度及正負向反應對高、低涉入產品購買意願的影響,受品牌與原母國聯結程度較弱的干擾而變動的幅度----製造國形象不佳................... 123
表4-37:假設結果彙整................................................ 124
圖目錄
圖1-1:全球購併總交易件數及金額........................................ 3
圖2-1:暈輪效果與彙總建構效果.......................................... 12
圖2-2:依基模一致與不一致程度可能產生的價值反應和情感強度.............. 25
圖2-3:Mandler基模一致程度與情感評估................................... 26
圖2-4:知覺品質的組成............................. .................... 30
圖2-5:消費者運用來源國資訊的原因及方法................................ 36
圖2-6:產品國家形象的形成過程.......................................... 37
圖2-7:產品國家形象形成過程............................................ 37
圖2-8:香水的大腦網絡聯結圖............................................ 42
圖2-9:IBM個人電腦的聯想網路圖........................................ 43
圖2-10:品牌與產品的關係............................................... 44
圖2-11:品牌知識結構................................................... 48
圖3-1:本研究架構.......................................................52
圖4-1:差異程度及正負向反應與製造國形象對高涉入產品知覺品質交互作用圖. ..89
圖4-2:差異程度及正負向反應與製造國形象對低涉入產品知覺品質交互作用圖.. .90
圖4-3:差異程度及正負向反應與製造國形象對高涉入產品購買意願交互作用圖.. .93
圖4-4:差異程度及正負向反應與製造國形象對低涉入產品購買意願交互作用圖. ..94
圖4-5:差異程度、正負反應與較強聯結程度對高涉入產品知覺品質交互作用圖.. 105
圖4-6:差異程度、正負反應與較強聯結程度對低涉入產品知覺品質交互作用圖. .106
圖4-7:差異程度、正負反應與較強聯結程度對高涉入產品購買意願交互作用圖. .109
圖4-8:差異程度、正負反應與較強聯結程度對低涉入產品購買意願交互作用圖. .110
圖4-9:差異程度、正負反應與較弱聯結程度對高涉入產品知覺品質交互作用圖. .115
圖4-10:差異程度、正負反應與較弱聯結程度對低涉入產品知覺品質交互作用圖.115
圖4-11:差異程度、正負反應與較弱聯結程度對高涉入產品購買意願交互作用圖.119
圖4-12:差異程度、正負反應與較弱聯結程度對低涉入產品購買意願交互作用圖.120
圖4-13:差異程度、正負反應與較弱聯結程度對高低涉入產品知覺品質交互作用圖122
圖4-14:差異程度、正負反應與較弱聯結程度對高低涉入產品購買意願交互作用圖124
參考文獻
一、中文部分
1.林容茹(1996),「差異性促銷對消費者購買意向影響之研究」,元智大學管理研究所未出版之碩士論文。
2.杜嘉玲(1998),「概念發展---古典論與聯結論」,國立中正大學哲學研究所未出版之碩士論文。
3.余尚武、江玉柏,(1998/08月),「影響企業購併成敗之因素與策略探討」,經濟情勢暨評論季刊-第四卷第二期。
4.吳文村(2001),「產品製造來源國之國家形象、價格折扣及品牌知名度對消費者產品評價之影響」,成功大學國企所未出版之碩士論文。
5.袁華文(1996),「產品國家形象效果之研究」,淡江大學國企所未出版之碩士論文。
6.倫敦金融時報(2000),6月30日。
7.馬友薏(2001),「主力商店業種認知與消費者對大型購物中心評估之關聯性探討」,元智大學管理研究所未出版之碩士論文。
8.陳仲熙(1997),「產品知識及來源國形象對顧客滿意度之影響」,政治大學國際貿易研究所未出版之碩士論文。
9.陳順宇(1998),「多變量分析」,華泰書局。
10.陳鴻韻(2000),「顧客對於服務系統變遷期調適反應之研究─以百貨公司為例」,元智大學管理研究所未出版之碩士論文。
11.曾雅蘭(1994),「消費者對混合產品之評估-來源國效應之區分研究」,國立台灣大學國際貿易研究所未出版之碩士論文。
12.曾瑞媛(2001),「品牌來源國與品牌權益影響消費者購買產品及服務意願之研究」,真理大學管理科學研究所未出版之碩士論文。
13.黃鈺文(1991),「不同品牌來源國與製造地形象對消費者產品態度的影響」,政治大學國際貿易研究所未出版之碩士論文。
14.黃俊英(2000),「多變量分析」,第七版,中國經濟企業研究所。
15.張邵勳、林秀娟(1993),「SPSS For Windows統計分析─初等統計與高等統計」,松崗電腦圖書資料股份有限公司。
16.張邵勳(1994),「SPSS For Windows─多變量統計分析」,松崗電腦圖書資料股份有限公司。
17.張允文(1998),「組織聯想與產品聯想對品牌權益之影響」,國立雲林科技大學企業管理技術研究所未出版之碩士論文。
18.經濟日報(2001),5月25日,第29版。
19.謝文雀編譯(2001),「消費者行為」,第二版,p392。
20.戴上智(1993),「原產國形象對消費者風險影響之研究」,大葉大學事業經營研究所未出版之碩士論文。
21.戴琪甄(1999),「來源國印象與購買意願間關係之探討」,淡江大學管理科學學系未出版之碩士論文。
二、英文部分
1.Aaker, D. A. and K. L. Keller (1990), “Consumer Evaluations of Brand Extensions,” Journal of Marketing, Vol. 54(January), pp.27-41.
2.Aaker, D. A.(1991), Managing Brand Equity: Capitalizing on the Value of a Brand Name, The Free Press, N.Y.
3.Aaker,D.A.(1996),“Measuring Brand Equity Across Products and Markets”, California Management Review, Vol.38(3), pp.102-120.
4.Agrawal, Jagdish, and Wagner A. Kamakura (1999) “Country of Origin: A Competitive Advantage? ”, International Journal of Research in Marketing, Vol.16, pp.255-267.
5.Ahmed, S. A. and A. Astous. (1996), “Country-of-Origin and Brand Effects: A Multi-Dimensional and Multi-Attribute Study,” Journal of International Consumer Marketing, Vol. 9, pp.93-115.
6.Anderson and William, H. Cunningham (1972), “Gauging Foreign Product Promotion, ” Journal of Advertising Research, February, 12(1), pp.29-34.
7.Barki, H. and Hartwick, J. (1989), “Rethinking the Concept of User Involvement,” MIS Quarterly, Vol.13(1), PP.53-63.
8.Basu, K. and Cohen, J. B.(1987), “Alternative Models of Categorization: Toward a Contingent Processing Framework,” Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 13(March), pp.455-472.
9.Bhuian, Shahid N. (1997), ”Marketing Cues and Perceived Quality: Perceptions of Saudi Consumers Toward Products of The U.S., Japan, Germany, Italy, U.K. and France,” Journal of Quality Management, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp.217-235.
10.Biel, A. L. (1992), “How Brand Image Drive Brand Equity,” Journal of Advertising Research, Nov/Dec, p12
11.Bilkey, W. J. and E. Nes. (1982), “Country-of-Origin Effect on Product Evaluations,” Journal of International Business Studies, Vol.13, pp.89-99.
12.Brucks, M.(1992), “The Effects of Product Class Knowledge on Information Search Behavior,” Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 12(June), pp. 1-16
13.Chao, P.(1993),“Partioning Country of Origin Effects: Consumer Evaluations of a Hybrid Product,” Journal of International Business Studies, Vol.24(2), pp.291-306.
14.Cobb-Walgren, C. J., Ruble C. A. and N. Donthu (1995),“Brand Equity, Brand Preference, and Purchase Intent,” Journal of Advertising, Vol.24(3), pp.25-40.
15.Cordell, Victor V. (1993), “Interaction Effects of Country of Origin with Branding, Price, and Perceived Performance Risk,” Journal of International Consumer Marketing, Vol.5, No.2, pp5-20.
16.Engel, J. F., P. W. Miniard and R. D. Blackwell (1990), Consumer Behavior, 8th ed., Forth Worth:Dryden.
17.Fiske, S. T. (1982), “Schema-Triggered Affect: Application to Social Perception,” Affect and Cogination: The 17th Annual Carnegie Sympostium on Cognition, eds. Margert S. Clark and Susan T. Fiske, Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Association, pp. 55-78.
18.Fiske, S. T. and Pavelchak, M. A.(1986), “Category-based Versus Piecemeal- Based Affective Response:Developments in Schema-Triggered Affect”, The Handbook of Motivation and Cognition: Foundations of Social Behavior, eds. Richard M. Sorrention and E. Tory Higgins, New York:Guillford, pp.167-203.
19.Fiske, S. T. and Taylor. (1991), Social Cognition, Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
20.Forker, Laura B. (1991), “Quality: American, Japanese, and Soviet perspectives,” Academy of Management Executive, Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 63-74.
21.Franks, J. J. and Bransford, J. D. (1971), “ Abstraction of Visual Patterns,” Journal of Experimental Psychology, Vol.90, pp. 65-74.
22.Garretson, Judith A. and Kenneth E. Clow (1999), “The Influence of Coupon Face Value on Service Quality Expectation, Risk Perceptions and Purchase Intentions in The Dental Industry,” The Journal of Service Marketing, Vol. 13, No.1, pp.59-70.
23.Goodstein, R. C.(1993), “Category-based Applications and Extensions in Advertising: Motivating More Extensive Ad Processing”, Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 20(June), pp. 87-99.
24.Han, C. M. and Vern Terpstra. (1988),“Country-of-Origin Effects for Uni-National and Bi-National Products,” Journal of international business studies,19(2): p235-255.
25.Han, C. M.(1989),“Country Image: Halo or Summary Construct,” Journal of Marketing Research, Vol.26(May),pp.222-229.
26.Heckler, S. E. and Childers, T. L. (1992), “The Role of Expectancy and Relevancy in Memory for Verbal and Visual Information: What is Incongruency?,” Journal of Consumer Research, Vol.18(March), pp. 475-492.
27.Iyer, G. R., and J. K. Kalita (1997),“The Impact of Country-of-Origin and Country-of-Manufacture Clues on Consumer Perceptions of Quality and Value,” Journal of Global Marketing, Vol. 11(1), pp.7-28.
28.Jeen-Su Lim, William K. Darley and John O. Summers.(1994),”An Assessment of Country of Origin Effects under Alternative Presentation Formats,” Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,Vol.22,No.3, ,pp.274~282.
29.Johansson, J. K., S.P. Douglas, and I. Nonaka, (1985), “Assessing the Impact of Country of Origin on Product Evaluation: A New Methodological Perspective,” Journal of Marketing Research, Vol.22, pp.388-396.
30.Keller, K. L. and Aaker, D. A.(1992),“The effects of Sequential Introduction of Brand Extenstions”, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 24(February), pp. 35-50. 
31.Keller, K. L.(1993)."Conceptualizing Measuring, and Managing Customer-Based Brand Equity," Journal of Marketing, January, pp1-22.
32.Kirmani, A. (1993), “A Consumer-Side Experimental Examination of Signaling Theory: Do Consumers Perceive Warranties as Signals of Quality?,” Journal of Consumer Research, 20, (June), pp.111-123.
33.Kotler, P. (1970), Marketing Management: Analysis, Planning, Implementation, and Control, 6th ed., N. J.: Prentice-Hall.
34.Krishnan, H. S.(1996), Characteristics of Memory Associations:A Consumer-Based Brand Equity Perception, International Journal of Research in Marketing,13:pp.309-405.
35.Mandler, G. (1982), “The Structure of Value: Accounting for Taste,” in Affect and Cognition: The 17th Annual Carnegie Symposium, eds. Margaret S. Clark and Susan T. Fiske. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, pp.3-36.
36.Manrai, L.A., & Manrai, A.K. (1993), “ Positioning European countries as brands in a perceptual map: An empirical study of determinants of consumer perceptions and preference,” Journal of Euromarketing, Vol.2. No.3, pp.101-129.
37.Meyers-Levy, J. and Tybout, A. M. (1989), “Schema Congruity as a Basis for Product Evaluation,” Journal of Consumer Rresearch, Vol.16 (June), pp. 39-54.
38.Mervis, C. B., and Rosch, E. (1981), “Categorization of Natural Objects,” Annual Review of Psychology, Vol32, pp. 89-115.
39.Miller, John A. (1977), “Studying Satisfaction, Modifying Models, Eliciting Expectations, Posing Problems and Making Meaningful Measurements,” In Conceptualization and Measurement of Consumer Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction, Ed. J. Keith Hunt. Bloomington: School of Business, Indiana University, pp.72-91.
40.Monroe, Kent B. and R. Krishnan (1985), “The Effect of Price on Subjective Product Evaluation”, in Perceived Quality: How Consumers View Stores and Merchandise, Jacob Jacoby and Jerry C. Olson, eds. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books, pp.209-232.
41.Nagashima, A. (1970),“A Comparison of Japanese and U.S. Attitudes Toward Foreign Products,” Journal of Marketing, Vol.34(January), pp.68-74.
42.Nebenzahl, I. and Jaffe. E. (1993). “Estimating demand functions from the country-of-origin effect” in Papadopoulos. N and Heslop. L (eds) Product-Country Impact and Role in International Marketing Haworth Press. Binghampton. pp.159-178.
43.Olson, J.C. and J. Jacoby (1974),“Intrinsic Versus Extrinsic Cues as Determinants of Perceived Product Quality,” Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol.59 (1), p.74.
44.Olson, Jerry C. (1977), “Price as an information cue: Effect in product evaluations,” in Consumer and Industrial Buying Behavior, Arch G. Woodside, Jagdish N. Sheth, and Peter D. Bennet, eds. New York, NY: North Holland, pp. 267-286.
45.Parasuraman, Zeithaml, and Berry. (1998), “Communication and Control Processes in the Delivery of Service Quality”, Journal of Marketing, 52(April), pp.35-48.
46.Park, C. S. and V. Srinivasan (1994), “A Survey-Based Method for Measuring and Understanding Brand Equity and its Extendibility,” Journal of Marketing Research, Vol.31(May), pp.271-288.
47.Pecothic, Pressley and Roth(1996),“The impact of country of origin in the retail service context,” Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services Vol3,No4,pp.213-234.
48.Peterson, R. A. and A. J. P. Jolibert (1995),“A Meta-Analysis of Country-of-Origin Effects,” Journal of International Business Studies, Vol.26 (4), pp.883-899.
49.Piaget, J. (1970), “Paiget Theory,” in Carmicheal’s Manual of Child Psychology, Vol.1,ed. P. Mussen, New York: Wiley.
50.Roger, Thomas M., Peter F. Kaminski, Denise D. Schoenbachler, and Geoffrey L. Gordon (1994),“The Effect of Country-of-Origin Information on Consumer Purchase Decision Processes When Price and Quality Information Are Available,” Journal of Informational Consumer Marketing, Vol.7, No.2, pp.73-109.
51.Roth, M. S. and J. B. Romeo (1992), “Matching Product Category and Country Image Perceptions: A Framework for Managing Country-of-Origin Effects,” Journal of International Business Studies, Vol23(3), pp.477-497.
52.Sadrudin A. Ahmed Alain d’Astous(1996),“Country-of-Origin and Brand Effects:A Multi-Dimensional and Multi-Attribute Study”,Journal of International Consumer Marketing, Vol. 9(2);p93~p115.
53.Samiee, Saeed (1994), “Customer Evaluation of Products in a Global Market,” Journal of International Business Studies, Third Quarter, pp.579-604.
54.Schmitt, B. H., and C. J. Shultz II(1995), “Situational Effects on Brand Preferences for Image Products,” Psychology and Marketing, Vol.12(5), pp.433-446.
55.Schooler (1965),”Product bias in the Central American common market.” Journal of Marketing Research, vol.2 , pp94-397
56.Schooler, R. (1971), “Bias Phenomena Attend and to be the Marketing of Foreign Goods in the US,” Journal of International Business Studies, pp.71-80
57.Smith, A. and Bizzell. (1991), “Business Strategy and Policy (3rd ed.)”, Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
58.Smolensky, P. (1987). "The Constituent Structure of Connectionist Mental States: A Reply to Fodor and Pylyshyn" in Southern Journal of Philosophy 26 supplement, pp.137-163.
59.Solomon.(1999),Consumer Behavior,Fourth Edition,pp.86-88.
60.Solomon, M. R.(1999), Consumer Behavior, NJ: Prentice-Hall Srull, T. K.(1981), “Person Memory: Some Tests of Associative Storage and Retrieval Models”, Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, Vol. 7(November), pp.440-463.
61.Srull, T. K. (1981), “Person Memory: Some Tests of Associative Storage and Retrieval Models,” Journal of Experimental psychology: Human Learning and Memory, Vol.7(November), pp.440-463.
62.Sujan, M. (1985), “Consumer Knowledge: Effects on Evaluation Strategies Mediating Consumer Judgments,” Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 12(June), pp. 31-46.
63.Thakor, M.V., and Lea Prevel Katsanis (1997), “A Model of Brand and Country Effects on Quality Dimensions: Issues and Implications,” Journal of International Consumer Marketing, Vol.9, No.3, pp.79-100.
64.Wall, Marjorie, John Liefeld, and Louise A. Heslop ( 1991),“ Impact of Country-of-origin Cues on Consumer Judgments in Multi-Cue Situations: A Covariance Analysis,” Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Vol.19, No.2, pp.105-113.
65.Wang, C. and C. W. Lamb (1978), “The Impact of Selected Environmental Forces upon Consumers’ Willingness to Buy Foreign Products,” Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Vol. 11, pp.71-84
66.Whittington, R.(1995), “What is Strategy and Does it Matter (3rd ed.).” New York: Routledge.
67.Witt, Jerome. C. P. Rao.(1992),” The impact of global sourcing on consumers: country-of-origin effects on perceived risk,” Journal of Global Marketing, Vol6 (3),pp.105-128.
68.Verlegh, P. W. J. and J-B. E. M. Steenkamp(1999), “A Review and Meta- Analysis of Country-of-Origin Research,” Journal of Economic Psychology, Vol.20(5), pp.521-546.
69.Zeithaml, Valarie A. (1988), “Consumer Perceptions of Price, Quality, and Value:A Means-End Model and Synthesis of Evidence”, Journal of Marketing, Vol.52(July), p.7
QRCODE
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
第一頁 上一頁 下一頁 最後一頁 top