臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

研究背景:划船運動為週期性運動項目，屬於需要大肌肉群與高代謝率的活動，對划船選手而言，力量是無法持續供應的，需藉由間歇加速度以及滑行，使得船持續前進。因此有氧及無氧能力對划船選手來說是很重要的。而間歇訓練可透過持續時間、訓練強度及休息時間等進而提升訓練成效，能在短時間內能達到訓練效果以節省訓練時間，並更能夠有效的達到增加有氧能力。而這樣的訓練模式在划船訓練的研究上相對較少。研究目的:透過間歇訓練提升划船選手無氧能力及耗氧量之影響。方法:受試者共16名，介入8週高強度間歇訓練，每週訓練2次，介入8分鐘，高強度間歇訓練包含50%峰值功率為期20秒每兩週增加5秒，而低強度以20%峰值功率為期20秒。無氧能力以溫蓋特做為檢測方式而最大攝氧量以Bruce protocol為檢測方式。使用單因子變異數分析，比較運動介入前、後各個依變項是否有顯著差異。結果:無氧爆發力訓練後以及無氧能力皆達顯著，但在最大攝氧和攝氧效率斜率無顯著差異。結果與討論:本研究間歇訓練持續時間模擬划船比賽時間，結果表明間歇訓練在無氧表現是進步的而有氧效果卻不佳，可能因為短時間訓練，所以往後建議改善訓練時間。

Background: Rowing is a periodicity sport and has its own specific training pattern, it’s performance uses major muscle group and occur high metabolism. As rowing players’ power can’t maintain for whole duration it should through interval speed-up and slide. Interval training is via sustained, intensity, and rest time to promote training target. And it could accomplish the target in short turn also elevate aerobic capability. Purpose: The effect of interval training in rowing players for anaerobic capability and oxygen consumption. Methods: 16 subjects for 8 weeks high intensity interval training(HIIT), the training schedule was twice in a week, 8 minutes per session. Using wingate test to get anaerobic capability and Bruce protocol for maximal oxygen uptake(VO2 max). HIIT included 50% peak capacity for 20 seconds and 5 seconds additional since every second week until 8th week; low intensity interval training for 20% peak capacity for 20 seconds in each duration. Using one way ANOVA to analysis the data and compare each variables whether it has significant difference between pre and post training. Result: There has significant difference in anaerobic power and anaerobic capability but there has no significant difference in maximal oxygen uptake and oxygen uptake efficiency slope. Discussion: In this research we found out using interval training to model rowing competition time had positive effect in anaerobic capability but not in aerobic capability. It may cause for the short turn training so we suggest to revise the training duration for the future training.

博、碩士論文原創聲明書 ii
碩士學位考試審定書 iii
中文摘要 iv
英文摘要 v
謝誌 vi
目錄 vii
圖目錄 ix
第壹章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景 1
第二節 研究目的 5
第三節 預期效益 5
第四節 操作型定義 6
第貳章 文獻探討 7
第一節 划船運動之相關研究 7
第二節 無氧能力之影響 8
第三節 間歇訓練對划船選手之影響 11
第四節 高強度間歇訓練對競技選手之影響 13
第五節 文獻小結 18
第參章 研究方法 19
第一節 研究對象 19
第二節 實驗流程 20
第三節 檢測方法 21
第四節 高強度間歇訓練模式 31
第五節 資料處理與統計分析 32
第肆章 結果與討論 33
第一節 專項體能檢測 34
第二節 無氧能力 43
第三節 攝氧量 45
第伍章 結論與建議 50
中文參考文獻 52
英文參考文獻 54


 
圖目錄

圖1八週間歇訓練實驗流程圖 20
圖2身體組成檢測（INBODY 230） 22
圖3反應測試（MP150） 23
圖 4 EMG電訊號 23
圖5啟動爆發力與加速爆發力 24
圖6下肢爆發力測試（垂直跳） 25
圖 7感覺整合平衡交互作用臨床測試（M-CTSIB） 26
圖8無氧動力檢測 27
圖 9三次立定跳 27
圖10 T字敏捷測試 28
圖 11 1600公尺跑走 29
圖12最大攝氧量分析 30
圖 13腳踏車測功儀(ERGOLINE) 31
圖14身體組成百分比變化量 34
圖 15反應能力百分比變化量 36
圖 16爆發力百分比變化量 37
圖17握力、體前彎、立定三次跳百分比變化量 38
圖 18敏捷度百分比變化量 39
圖19仰臥起坐百分比變化量 40
圖20平衡能力百分比變化量 42
圖 21無氧能力百分比變化量 44
圖22體力指數百分比變化量 48
圖 23心肺耐力百分比變化量 48
圖 24最大攝氧量百分比變化量 49

中文參考文獻
王瑞元編著（2002）。運動生理學。北京：人民體育。
王鈞逸（2010）。室內與水上划船運動訓練衡量之比較（碩士論文）。國立台灣師範大學體育學系論文。取自http://etds.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi/ccd=SwG9DZ/record?r1=1&;h1=0
李柏均（2011）。高強度間歇訓練在提升運動表現與健康促進的應用。文化體育學刊。第十二輯 39 ~ 46頁。
李采姿（2013）。競技運動選手體能檢測模式建構（碩士論文）。臺北市立體育學院體育與健康學系暨碩士班。取自http://handle.ncl.edu.tw/11296/ndltd/76398071153375175205
吳唯平（2012）。運動與平衡。政大體育研究。第21期頁73 - 89 （2012 10月）。
林正常（1996）。運動生理學實驗指引。臺北市：師大書苑。
張華杰、鄭傳濤（2003）。國家賽艇隊2000 m測功儀成績分析。武漢體育學院學報37（3），65。
張鳳儀（2009）。不同模式動態坐姿平衡訓練對坐姿平衡之影響。華人運動生物力學期刊。1（2009） 39 - 43。
陳天文（2014）。大專公開組女子爆發力型運動員無氧動力之分析。運動教練科學。第36期，37 - 45。
鄭曉鴻（2007）。賽艇公開及運動員形態特徵與比賽全程競技表現。山東體育科技，2（29），4 - 6。
鄭景峰（2013）。高強度間歇訓練與運動員有氧能力。中華體育季刊，中華民國體育學會，第27卷第3期，頁203 ~ 212（2013. 9.）。

英文參考文獻
Abbasian, S., Golzar, S., Onvani, V., &;Sargazi, L.（2012）.The predict of RASTTest from WANT test in Elite Athletes. Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1（3）, 72-75.
Adela, A., Mirela, I. A., &;Mirela, V.（2013）. Aerobic versus anaerobic-comparative studies concerning the dynamics of the aerobic and anaerobic effort parameters in top athletes. MedicinaSportiva, 17（2）,2130-2140.
Anaerobic test norms for highly-trained women. Journal of Exercise Physiology, 14（2）, 68-79.
Baker, U. C., Heath, E. M., Smith, D. R., &; Oden, G. L.（2011）. Development of Wingate .
Baker, U. C., Heath, E. M., Smith, D. R., &; Oden, G. L. （2011）.Development of Wingate anaerobic test norms for highly-trained women. Journal of Exercise Physiology Cnline, 14（2）, 68 - 79.
Baker, U. C., Heath, E. M., Smith, D. R., &; Oden, G. L. （2011）.Development of Wingate anaerobic test norms for highly-trained women. Journal of Exercise Physiology Cnline, 14（2）, 68 - 79.
Bangsbo, J; Gollnick, P.D. ; Graham, T.E. ; Juel,C. ; Kiens, B.;Mizuno, M. ; Saltin, B.（1990）Anaerobic energy production and O2 deficitdebt relationship during exhaustive exercise in humans. Journal of Physiology, 42:539 - 559.
Billat LV. Interval training for performance: a scientific and empirical practice. Special recommendations for middle - and long-distance running. Part I: aerobic interval training. Sports Med. 2001;31:13- 31.
Bouchard, C.et al.1991. Testing anaerobic power and capacity. In physiological Testing of the High Performance Athlete, ed. J. MacDougall, H. Wenger, and H. Green.175-222.Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
Coppin, E., Heath, E. M., Bressel, E., &; Wagner, D. R. （2012.WingateAnaerobic Test Reference Values for Male Power Athletes.InternationalJournal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 7, 232-236.
Driller, M. W., Fell, J. W., Gregory, J. R., Shing, C. M., &; Williams, A. D. （2009）. The effects of high-intensity interval training in well-trained rowers. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 4（1）, 110-121.
Edward F. Coyle Improved muscular efficiency displayed as Tour de France champion matures. J ApplPhysiol 98: 2191–2196, 2005. First published March 17, 2005; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00216.2005.
Edge, J., Bishop, D., &; Goodman, C.（2006）. The effects of training intensity on muscle buffer capacity in females. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 96, 97–105.
Gibala, M. J., Little, J. P., van Essen, M., Wilkin, G. P., Burgomaster, K. A., Safdar, A., Raha, S., &;Tarnopolsky, M. A.（2006）. Short-term sprint interval versus traditional endurance training: similar initial adaptations in human skeletal muscle and exercise performance. The Journal of Physiology, 575, 901–911.
Gacesa, J. Z. P., Barak, O. F., &;Grujic, N. G.（2009）. Maximal anaerobic power test in athletes of different sport disciplines. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 23（3）, 751-755.
Gacesa, J. Z. P., Barak, O. F., &; Grujic, N. G.（2009）. Maximal anaerobic power test in athletes of different sport disciplines. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,23（3）, 751-755.
Green, S.1995. Measurement of anaerobic work capacities in humans. Sports Medicine 19:32-42.
Gibala, M. J., &; McGee, S. L.（2008）. Metabolic Adaptation to Short-term High-Intensity Interval Training： A Little Pain a Lot of Gain? Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 36（2）, 58-63.
Hachana, Y., Attia, A., Nassib, S., Shephard, R. J., &;Chelly, M. S. （2012）.Test-retest reliability, criterion-related validity, and minimal detectablechange of score on .
Hagerman, F. C.（1984）. Applied physiology of rowing. SportsMedicine, 1（4）, 303-326.
Hagerman, F. C.（1984）. Applied physiology of rowing. Sports Medicine, 1, 303 - 326.
Hawley, J. A., Myburgh, K. H., Noakes, T. D., &; Dennis, S. C.（1997）. Training techniques to improve fatigue resistance and enhance endurance performance. Journal of Sports Sciences, 15（3）, 325-333. doi: 10.1080/026404197367335
Howley, E.T.（2001）.Type of activity: resistance, aerobic and leisure versus occupational physical activity. Medicine &; Science in Sports andExercise,33（6）,364-369.
Inbar, O., Bar-Or, O., &; Skinner, J. A.（1996）. The Wingate anaerobic test. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
Ingham, S. A., Whyte, G. P., Jones, K., &; Nevill, A. M.（2002）. Determinants of 2,000 m rowing ergometer performance in elite rowers. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 88（3）, 243-246.
Jakeman, J., Adamson, S., &; Babraj, J.（2012）.Extremely short duration high-intensity training substantially improves endurance performance in triathletes. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 37（5）, 976-981. doi:10.1139/h2012-083
Laursen, P. B., &; Jenkins, D. G.（2002）. The scientific basis for high-intensity interval training: Optimising training programmes and maximizing performance in highly trained endurance athletes. Sports Medicine, 32（1）,53-73.
LAURSEN, P.B., and D.G. JENKINS. The scientific basis for high-intensity interval training: optimizing training programmes and maximising performance in highly trained endurance athletes. Sport Med 32:53-73,2002.
Lamb, D. H.（1989）.A kinematic comparison of ergometer and on-water rowing. American Journal Sport Medicine, 17（3）, 367-373.
MacDougall, J. Duncan, Audrey L. Hicks, Jay R. MacDonald, Robert S. McKelvie, Howard J. Green, and Kelly M. Smith. Muscle performance and enzymatic adaptations to sprint interval training. J. Appl. Physiol. 84（6）: 2138–2142, 1998.
Mäestu, J., Jürimäe, J., &; Jürimäe, T.（2005）. Monitoring of performance and training in rowing. Sports Medicine, 35（7）, 597-617.
McArdle, W. D., Katch, F. I., &; Katch, V. L.（2007）. Exercise physiology : Energy, nutrition, and human performance（6th ed.）. Philadelphia, PA : Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
Michael J. Joyner and Edward F. Coyle . Endurance exercise performance: the physiology of champions. J Physiol 586.1 （2008） pp 35–44.
Murphy, M. M., Patton, J. F., &; Frederick, F. A. （1986）.Comparative anaerobic power of men and women. Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, 57（7）, 636-641.
PLISK,S.S. Anaerobic metabolic conditioning: a brief review of theory, strategy and practical. J Appl Sport Sci Res 5:22-34, 1991.
Powers,S. K., &;Howley, E. T.（2001）. Exercise andphysiology : Theory and applicationtofitnessand performance（4 thed.）. Champaign, IL: McGraw-Hill.
Pripstein, L. P., Rhodes, E. C., McKenzie, D. C., &; Coutts,K.D.（1999）. Aerobic and anaerobic energy during a 2-km race simulation in female rowers. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 79（6）, 491-494.
Reaburn, P., &; Dascombe, B.（2009）. Anaerobic performance in masters athletes. European Review of Aging and Physical Activity, 6（1）, 39-53.
Riechman, S. E., Zoeller, R. F., Balasekaran, G., Goss, F. L., &; Robertson, R. J.（2002）. Prediction of 2000 m indoor rowing performance using a 30 s sprint and maximal oxygen uptake. Journal of Sports Science, 20(9), 681-687.
Riechman, S. E., Zoeller, R. F., Balasekaran, G., Goss, F. L., &; Robertson, R.J.（2002）.Prediction of 2,000 m indoor rowing performance using a 30 s sprint and maximal oxygen uptake. Journal of Sports Sciences, 20（9）, 681-687.
RODAS, G.,J.L. VENTURA,J.A. CADEFAU, R.CUSSO, and J. PARRA. A short training programme for the rapid improvement of both aerobic and anaerobic metabolism. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2000 Aug;82(5-6):480-6.
Secher, N. H. (1993). Physiological and biomechanical aspects of rowing .Implications for training. Sports Medicine, 15(1), 24-42.
Smith, R. M., &; Spinks, W. L.（1995）.Discriminant analysis of biomechanical differences between novice, good and elite rowers. Journal of Sports Science, 13(5), 377-385.
Steinacker, J. M. （1993）. Physiological aspects of training in rowing. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 14(Suppl. 1), S3-S10.
Tabata I, Irisawa K, Kouzaki M, Nishimura K, Ogita F, Miyachi M.Metabolic profile of high intensity intermittent exercises.Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1997 Mar;29(3):390-5.
Tanisho, K., &; Hirakawa, K. （2009）. Training effects on endurance capacity in maximal intermittent exercise: Comparison between continuous and interval training. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 23(8), 2405 - 2410.
Tasmektepligil, M. Y., Ozkaya, O., Kabadayi, M., &; Kuzucu, O. E. （2012）.Mechanical and physiological responses of two different anaerobic test modalities. Isokinetics and Exercise Science, 20, 37-39.
Wang, T. Y., Chan, K. H., Ho, J. F., Lee, W. C., &; Hsu, M. C. （2012）. Effects of consecutive 7-day high- and moderate-intensity training on endurance determinants and muscle damage in basketball players. International Sprot Med Journal, 13(1), 18-28.
Zupan, M. F., Arata, A. W., Dawson, L. H., Wile, A. L., Payn, T. L., &; Hannon, M. E.（2009）. Wingate anaerobic test peak power and anaerobic capacity classifications for men and women inter collegiate athletes. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 23(9), 2598 - 2604.