臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文提出了以微控制器控制為基礎的雙向直流-直流功率轉換器，作為鋰離子電池充電放電使用。本轉換器開機與重置後能自動讀取輸入電壓及其輸出電壓的設定值，不用設定電壓值即可直接並接電源供應器；另一端由讀取的電池組電壓判斷出所需使用的電池芯串接數量，設定鋰電池充電參數，控制脈波寬度調變責任週期達成穩定的定電流定電壓充電與穩定的放電電壓輸出；由模擬與實驗的驗證，證明提出的架構與控制系統確實可行。

This thesis proposes a bidirectional DC-DC power converter based on microcontroller for charging and discharging of lithium-ion battery set. The converter can automatically reads the input voltage and setup the output voltage command after turning on or reset, parallel connect to power source without setting. After reading the battery voltage, it then determines the required quantities of series connected cells, set up the charging profile, and control the pulse-width-modulation (PWM) duty cycle in order to achieve a stable constant current and constant voltage charging mode as well as discharging voltage output mode. From simulation and experimental results show the feasibility and correctness of the proposed converter and control system.

摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vii
圖目錄 viii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 文獻回顧 1
1.3研究動機 2
1.4 論文內容 3
第二章 鋰二次電池與充電技術 4
2.1 前言 4
2.2 鋰二次電池簡介 4
2.3鋰二次電池種類與特性 4
2.4充電模式與充電曲線 5
2.4.1 定電流充電 7
2.4.2 定電壓充電 7
2.5 放電特性曲線 8
2.6 雙向直流功率轉換器與電池充放電 9
2.7本章結論 9
第三章 雙向直流功率轉換器 10
3.1 前言 10
3.2 線性穩壓器 10
3.2.1並接式線性穩壓器 10
3.2.2串接式線性穩壓器 12
3.3切換式穩壓器 13
3.3.1脈波寬度調變降壓式穩壓器 13
3.3.2脈波寬度調變升壓式穩壓器 14
3.4穩壓器規格定義 15
3.4.1輸出電壓與變動量 15
3.4.2過載與短路保護 16
3.5 雙向電力電子轉換器原理 16
3.6 自動電壓調節雙向升降壓功率轉換器功能優點與主要貢獻 17
3.7本章結論 18
第四章 雙向直流電源轉換器電路架構與設計 19
4.1前言 19
4.2硬體電路與架構設計 19
4.2.1電池降壓放電動作原理分析 21
4.2.2電池升壓放電動作原理分析 22
4.2.3降壓式充電動作原理分析 24
4.2.4升壓充電動作原理分析 25
4.3電路元件 26
4.3.1場效電晶體 27
4.3.2場效電晶體閘極驅動器 28
4.3.3隔離式電源 31
4.3.4線性放大器 33
4.3.5熱敏電阻 34
4.4本章結論 35
第五章 模擬分析與電路實驗 36
5.1前言 36
5.2切換式降壓電路模擬 36
5.3切換式升壓電路模擬 38
5.4控制系統硬體架構和韌體設計 41
5.4.1微處理器晶片介紹 42
5.4.2中斷0：電源轉換器動作頻率 44
5.4.3中斷1：脈波寬度調變責任週期 44
5.5控制系統韌體設計 45
5.5.1主程式架構流程圖說明 46
5.5.2充電副程式架構流程圖說明 47
5.5.3放電副程式架構流程圖說明 48
5.6運算時間與變更控制 49
5.7硬體電路實驗 49
5.7.1電源轉換器電路板 50
5.7.2電源供應電路板 50
5.7.3顯示燈號電路板 51
5.7.4充電放電變換實驗 51
5.7.5電感電流量測 54
5.7.6電池放電效率量測 55
5.8電池充電實驗 55
5.9本章結論 58
第六章 結論與未來展望 59
6.1結論 59
6.2未來展望 60
參考文獻 61

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