臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文是討論光子晶體於光學元件上的應用。光子晶體是指由二種或二種以上不同介質材料呈週期性排列的結構。在此週期性排列的介電材料會造成某部分頻率的電磁波無法在晶體內傳遞，此區域稱為光子能隙。由於此項特性，光子晶體十分適合應用於光學的各方面領域。吾人將利用此現象去設計光子晶體分光器，利用時域有限差分法及平面波展開法去分析光子晶體分波與全光式邏輯閘結構。
首先，吾人藉由利用干涉儀來達到相位差的特性，控制兩輸入之相位差來達到一個全光式邏輯閘的設計。並分析改變分光結構之晶格半徑大小，提出可控制1×3均勻分光元件。接著，再進一步討論光子晶體共振腔的現象，利用結構特性不同來達到分波之效果。

In this thesis, it discussed the application of wavelength division multiplexers and all-optical logic gates of flip-flop in the photonic crystals. A photonic crystal is a revolutionary class of artificially periodic electromagnetic media, in which a fundamentally new electromagnetic phenomenon can be achieved. A photonic band gap defines a range of frequencies for which light is forbidden to exist inside the crystal. In such beam-splitter, the optical field is confined, horizontally, by a photonic band gap (PBG) provided by the photonic crystal. By using plane-wave expansion method and finite-difference time-domain method to analyzed photonic crystal beam-splitter structure.
Firstly, we cascade multimode interference and Mach-Zehnder interference waveguides to design all-optical logic devices. And then, using the two waveguides’ effect by varying the size of the airholes of the splitting structure, we present that the bending and controllable splitting of self-collimated beams can be useful in one-to-three beam splitter based on photonic crystals. Then, we have proposed an X structure of wavelength division multiplexer. It can be used in Fiber to the home communication system. Final, the resonator device of 5 x 5 super cell was proposed. It can apply to CWDM communication system which was defined by ITU-T Recommendation G.694.2. The advantages were in terms of compactness, easy manufacturing, simple structure, and high drop filter efficiency. In addition, we proposed a seven-channel visible wavelength division multiplexing system for the rainbow, it could be use to substitute for the superprism.

Chapter 1 Introduction 3
1.1 General Reviews of Photonic Crystals 3
1.2 Photonic crystal components 5
1.2.1 Defects 6
1.2.2 Photonic Crystal Waveguides 6
1.3 Applications of Photonic Crystals 7
1.3.1 FTTH (Fiber to the Home) 7
1.3.2 CWDM (Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing) and DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) 8
1.4 Organization of the Thesis 10
Chapter 2 Basic Theory and Simulation Methods 16
2.1 Introduction 16
2.2 Plane Wave Expansion Method (PWE) 17
2.3 Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method (FDTD) 21
2.4 The Multimode Interference Principle 26
Chapter 3 The All-Optical Logic Gate based on Cascade MZI and MMI Photonic Crystal Waveguides 39
3.1 Introduction 39
3.2 Analysis 41
3.3 Numerical Results 42
3.4 Summary 43
Chapter 4 The All-Optical Flip-Flop based on Multimode Interference Waveguid 51
4.1 Introduction 51
4.2 Numerical Results and Analysis 54
4.3 Summary 55
Chapter 5 Novel Triplexer and Power Splitter with Low Crosstalk based on Photonic Crystal Waveguide 64
5.1 Introduction 64
5.2 Numerical Results and Analysis 65
5.2.1 Broadband waveguide intersection with low-crosstalk and 66
5.2.2 Novel triplexer with the X structure 67
5.4 Summary 69
Chapter 6 Wavelength Division Multiplexers based on Two-Dimensional Photonic Crystal with Multi-Channel Drop Filters 84
6.1 Introduction 84
6.2 Numerical Results and Analysis 86
6.2.1 CWDM system based on eight-channel drop filters 86
6.2.2 Seven visible lights of the rainbow based on 2D PCs 88
6.3 Summary 89
Chapter 7 Conclusion and Suggestions for Future Researches 97
7.1 Conclusion 97
7.2 Suggestions for future researches 99
References 100

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