臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

超音波在生物、醫學、工程等各方面都是重要的應用工具，在工程應用上可藉由超音波得到待量測物之物理性質；超音波探傷是一種在非破壞性檢測中時常運用的方法，利用超音波穿透待量測之試片以透視試片內部的缺陷，進而得到試片內部的幾何結構，以做為使用試片時的參考。
本論文中之系統即利用超音波可穿透試片的特性，使用一頻率為5 MHz的超音波換能器做為激震及接收超音波的探頭，並且使用一信號擷取卡內建之峰值偵測器（Peak Detector）擷取信號；試片本身需浸置在水箱中，並使用水做為偶合液使超音波可從探頭傳遞到試片並可傳回信號；而做為掃描用的X-Y軸馬達則藉由安裝於個人電腦中的馬達控制卡加以驅動，並可將接收到的信號資料經由類比數位轉換卡轉換成製作影像所需的資訊；此研究之目的為發展一套可符合工業上應用，且其掃描速度及性能優於目前商用產品之超音波掃描系統。
其中我們運用於整合硬體功能所使用的程式開發工具為微軟公司的Visual C++ 6.0版，一方面是因為C語言本身同時具備有高階及低階語言的特性；且具有物件導向及方便開發視窗軟體的優勢，更因業界普遍支援而具有易於開發控制軟體的好處，故十分適合開發友善的使用者介面。

Ultrasound is a very important tool which has many applications in biological, medical and engineering practices. One can use ultrasound to measure the wave velocity and find the physical properties including Young’s modulus, shear modulus, etc. Ultrasound is also used for detecting cracks and voids in materials in a non-destructive way, so that the defects can be found out and characterized in advance.
This thesis introduce a ultrasonic scanning system which consists of a transducer, a peak detector, a water tank, a motorized X-Y axis scanning frame, a servo-motion control card, and a personal computer. The transducer is used to excite and receive ultrasonic waves at a frequency of 5 MHz. The sample is placed in a tank filled with water, which couples the ultrasound transmitted by the transducer to the sample under investigation. The X-Y axis motors are controlled by a PC-based motion control card. An ultrasonic image of the sample, which contains useful material information, can be obtained by an analog-digital data acquisition card which is also PC-based. The goal of this work is to promote the scanning speed and the performance of the ultrasound image scanning system so that it can meet the industrial standards and even compete with existing commercial products.
In this thesis, Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 has been chosen to develop the software and all other functions. The reason is that it has the properties of both high-level and low-level programming capability, and it is also an Object-Oriented Programming language which is easy to develop in a Windows system. Furthermore, Visual C++ program develop tool are widely used in industry.

摘要...................................................I
英文摘要..................................................II
致謝..................................................IV
目錄...................................................V
圖目錄................................................VIII
表目錄..................................................XI
符號說明.................................................XII
第一章 導論
1.1研究背景與目的..........................................1
1.2本文架構..........................................3
第二章系統硬體架構
2.1系統簡介..........................................4
2.2 MC8041A 運動控制卡.................................8
2.3 AL-81I信號擷取卡................................11
2.4脈衝產生/接收器.........................................13
2.5超音波換能器.........................................15
2.6水箱與X-Y軸馬達.........................................18
2.7個人電腦.........................................20
2.8超音波掃描系統實驗設備架設.......................21
第三章C-Scan超音波掃描原理
3.1 取樣原理與移動取樣方式................................22
3.2 解析度.........................................26
3.2.1馬達精密度................................26
3.2.2超音波探頭聚焦點大小.......................26
3.2.3超音波探頭頻率響應................................28
3.2.4信號擷取卡取樣頻率................................29
第四章Visual C++ 程式設計與軟體功能架構
4.1 視窗介面與整合式開發環境.......................32
4.2 物件導向程式設計................................34
4.3 硬體元件之可程式化功能................................35
4.3.1 MC8041A運動控制卡................................35
4.3.2 AL-81I信號擷取卡................................40
4.4超音波掃描程式介面................................46
第五章系統性能測試及實驗結果
5.1 C-Scan檢測大型試件................................53
4.2 B-scan檢測大型試件................................59
4.3 C-scan檢測小型試件................................61
第六章結論及未來展望
6.1結論..................................................65
6.2未來展望.........................................66
參考文獻 ..................................................67

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