臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

中文摘要

隨著資訊化、網路化與連鎖化等商業時代的來臨，資訊流通大量而且快速，客戶的議價能力逐漸增強，交貨前置時間被迫縮短，同業間競爭劇烈，利潤也隨著被壓縮，經銷商面臨到無一不是價值與速度的挑戰。在此環境下，經銷商經營者與上游供應商或其他通路的彼此合作關係雖然重要，但更重要的是經銷商的經營團隊必須提升更多的產品知識，靈活運用各種存貨管理機制，方能提升企業的競爭能力。
本研究考慮以貨幣時間價值，並採信用交易來建立兩個存貨模型，跟傳統的最佳存貨模式作比較並討論。模型一為間斷型需求，不允許缺貨，分別以不考慮貨幣時間價值及考慮貨幣時間價值之存貨決策模式。探討結果發現經銷商考慮貨幣時間價值來計算成本時，與不考慮貨幣時間價值來計算成本時，會有不同的模式。模型二為連續型需求，分別以不允許缺貨及允許缺貨，考慮貨幣時間價值之存貨決策模式，從研究結果及範例所得到之數值顯示，經銷商運用信用交易方式，允許顧客延後付款以取代缺貨處罰成本時，可以得到最佳的存貨策略，以此提供經銷商企業之經營者做為決策之依據。


關鍵字：存貨管理、信用交易、貨幣時間價值

Abstract

The information turns the network with the catena etc. the approach of the time business, the information circulates a great deal and fast gradual build up the customer's negotiation ability, deliver goods the lead time compelled shorten, the same trade competes violent, profits also along with is compressed, the distributor faces the challenge of the value and speed. Under this environment, distributor's executive and each other cooperative relation between the upper stream supplier or other thoroughfares although importance, the management team of the more important distributor has to promote more product knowledge, using flexibly various inventory management mechanism, then can promote the competition ability of the enterprise.
Consider the value with monetary time in this research, and adopt the credit trade to set up two Inventory model, make comparisons and discuss with the traditional best Inventory way. Model one is a disconnected demand, it is in short supply not to allow, the value by considering monetary time that separately and considering the value stock decision way of monetary time. While probing into the result and finding that a distributor considers monetary time value to calculate the cost, while calculating the cost with consider monetary time value, there are different ways. Model two is the continuous demand, for not allowing in short supply and allowing in short supply separately, considering the value stock decision way of monetary time, the number value received from the result of study and example shows, the distributor uses the trade way of credit, allow customers to postpone paying the bill in order to replace in short supply while punishing the costly, can receive the best stock tactics, so as to offer the operators of enterprises to a distributor to do for the basis of decision .


Key word: Inventory management, trade credit, monetary time value

目錄
中文摘要........................................................I
英文摘要........................................................II
誌謝............................................................III
目錄............................................................IV
表目錄 .........................................................VI
圖目錄 .........................................................VI
第壹章 緒論.....................................................1
第一節 研究背景與動機...........................................1
第二節 研究目的與範圍...........................................3
第三節 研究方法與步驟...........................................4
第四節 論文架構及研究流程.......................................5
第貳章 文獻探討.................................................7
第一節 存貨管理.................................................7
第二節 信用交易相關文獻之探討...................................20
第參章 不允許缺貨情況下間斷型需求之存貨模式.....................23
第一節 動態規劃法（Dynamic Programming）........................23
第二節 一般線纜存貨模型基本定義.................................25
第三節 符號及假設...............................................27
第四節 模型建立.................................................29
第五節 數值範例.................................................32
第肆章 連續型固定需求情況下考慮貨幣時間價值採信用交易之存貨模式.36
第一節 不允許缺貨情況下之傳統經濟訂購量.........................37
第二節 不允許缺貨情況下考慮貨幣時間價值之存貨模式...............39
第三節 允許缺貨情況下之傳統經濟訂購量...........................42
第四節 允許缺貨情況下考慮貨幣時間價值之存貨模式.................46
第五節 允許缺貨情況下採信用交易之存貨模式.......................49
第伍章 結論與未來研究方向.......................................53
第一節 結論.....................................................53
第二節 未來研究方向.............................................54

表目錄

表2-1學者Silver＆Raafat對存貨問題的分類.........................13
表3-1第四季的採購分析n=4........................................32
表3-2第三季的採購分析n=3........................................33
表3-3第二季的採購分析n=2........................................33
表3-4第一季的採購分析n=1........................................34


圖目錄

圖2-1 定量訂購系統(s， Q) 模型....................................17
圖2-2 最小最大訂購系統（s， S）模型...............................18
圖2-3 定期訂購系統（R， S）模型...................................19
圖4-1 不允許缺貨、傳統經濟訂購量模型..............................38
圖4-2 dF(T)/DT之分子函數..........................................40
圖4-3 最小總成本時之T* 值.........................................41
圖4-4 允許缺貨、傳統經濟訂購量模型................................43

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